Day10赎金信&三数之和&四数之和

赎金信

bool canConstruct(char * ransomNote, char * magazine){
    int record[26]={0};
    int length_ransomNote = strlen( ransomNote );
    int length_magazine = strlen( magazine );
    if( length_ransomNote > length_magazine ) return false;
    int i;

    for( i=0; i<length_magazine; i++ )
    {
        record[magazine[i]-'a']++;
    }
    for( i=0; i<length_ransomNote; i++ )
    {
        record[ransomNote[i]-'a']--;
        if( record[ransomNote[i]-'a']<0 ) return false;
    }
    return true;
}

三数之和

//qsort辅助cmp函数
int cmp(const void* ptr1, const void* ptr2) {
    return *((int*)ptr1) > *((int*)ptr2);
}

int** threeSum(int* nums, int numsSize, int* returnSize, int** returnColumnSizes) {
    //开辟ans数组空间
    int **ans = (int**)malloc(sizeof(int*) * 18000);
    int ansTop = 0;
    //若传入nums数组大小小于3，则需要返回数组大小为0
    if(numsSize < 3) {
        *returnSize = 0;
        return ans;
    }
    //对nums数组进行排序
    qsort(nums, numsSize, sizeof(int), cmp);
    

    int i;
    //用for循环遍历数组，结束条件为i < numsSize - 2(因为要预留左右指针的位置)
    for(i = 0; i < numsSize - 2; i++) {
        //若当前i指向元素>0，则代表left和right以及i的和大于0。直接break
        if(nums[i] > 0)
            break;
        //去重：i > 0 && nums[i] == nums[i-1]
        if(i > 0 && nums[i] == nums[i-1])
            continue;
        //定义左指针和右指针
        int left = i + 1;
        int right = numsSize - 1;
        //当右指针比左指针大时进行循环
        while(right > left) {
            //求出三数之和
            int sum = nums[right] + nums[left] + nums[i];
            //若和小于0，则左指针+1（因为左指针右边的数比当前所指元素大）
            if(sum < 0)
                left++;
            //若和大于0，则将右指针-1
            else if(sum > 0)
                right--;
            //若和等于0
            else {
                //开辟一个大小为3的数组空间，存入nums[i], nums[left]和nums[right]
                int* arr = (int*)malloc(sizeof(int) * 3);
                arr[0] = nums[i];
                arr[1] = nums[left];
                arr[2] = nums[right];
                //将开辟数组存入ans中
                ans[ansTop++] = arr;
                //去重
                while(right > left && nums[right] == nums[right - 1])
                    right--;
                while(left < right && nums[left] == nums[left + 1])
                    left++;
                //更新左右指针
                left++;
                right--;
            }
        }
    }

    //设定返回的数组大小
    *returnSize = ansTop;
    *returnColumnSizes = (int*)malloc(sizeof(int) * ansTop);
    int z;
    for(z = 0; z < ansTop; z++) {
        (*returnColumnSizes)[z] = 3;
    }
    return ans;
}

四数之和

int comp(const void* a, const void* b) {
    return *(int*)a - *(int*)b;
}

int** fourSum(int* nums, int numsSize, int target, int* returnSize, int** returnColumnSizes) {
    int** quadruplets = malloc(sizeof(int*) * 1001);
    *returnSize = 0;
    *returnColumnSizes = malloc(sizeof(int) * 1001);
    if (numsSize < 4) {
        return quadruplets;
    }
    qsort(nums, numsSize, sizeof(int), comp);
    int length = numsSize;
    for (int i = 0; i < length - 3; i++) {
        if (i > 0 && nums[i] == nums[i - 1]) {
            continue;
        }
        if ((long) nums[i] + nums[i + 1] + nums[i + 2] + nums[i + 3] > target) {
            break;
        }
        if ((long) nums[i] + nums[length - 3] + nums[length - 2] + nums[length - 1] < target) {
            continue;
        }
        for (int j = i + 1; j < length - 2; j++) {
            if (j > i + 1 && nums[j] == nums[j - 1]) {
                continue;
            }
            if ((long) nums[i] + nums[j] + nums[j + 1] + nums[j + 2] > target) {
                break;
            }
            if ((long) nums[i] + nums[j] + nums[length - 2] + nums[length - 1] < target) {
                continue;
            }
            int left = j + 1, right = length - 1;
            while (left < right) {
                long sum = (long) nums[i] + nums[j] + nums[left] + nums[right];
                if (sum == target) {
                    int* tmp = malloc(sizeof(int) * 4);
                    tmp[0] = nums[i], tmp[1] = nums[j], tmp[2] = nums[left], tmp[3] = nums[right];
                    (*returnColumnSizes)[(*returnSize)] = 4;
                    quadruplets[(*returnSize)++] = tmp;
                    while (left < right && nums[left] == nums[left + 1]) {
                        left++;
                    }
                    left++;
                    while (left < right && nums[right] == nums[right - 1]) {
                        right--;
                    }
                    right--;
                } else if (sum < target) {
                    left++;
                } else {
                    right--;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return quadruplets;
}