Flink实战 - 使用异步方式读取mysql数据

Flink 是流计算引擎

文章原址:https://blog.csdn.net/m0_49826240/article/details/114053579

在Flink任务开发过程中经常会遇到从外部存储获取数据的场景,比如处理日志数据时,需要获取到用户的信息。

最近在做一个指标,用到了异步IO,借此来记录下Flink Async I/O 读取MySql的方式。

需求:用户的行为数据通过Stream进入flink计算引擎,需要知道每个用户的注册时间、最近一次登录时间。

用户注册时间和登录时间是存放在User表中

User 表

-- user table
CREATE TABLE `mall_user` (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '自增主键',
  `userId` bigint(11) DEFAULT NULL,
  `registerTime` bigint(11) DEFAULT NULL,
  `lastLoadTime` bigint(11) DEFAULT NULL
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=armscii8


-- 数据写入
INSERT INTO `mall_user` VALUES (1, 10086, 1614009599, 1616860800);
INSERT INTO `mall_user` VALUES (2, 10010, 1614009600, 1616861600);

User 类

@Data
public class User {
    /**
     * userId
     */
    private Long userId;
    /**
     * 注册时间
     */
    private Long registerTime;
    /**
     * 上次登录时间
     */
    private Long lastLoadTime;
}

数据流,采用读取指定端口来获得。

直接上代码,根据代码来讲解

1.main方法:

从 9980 端口读取数据后,转为User对象,此时user对象中只有userid,没有两个时间的值

关联维表获取两个时间值,取数据这个过程不能太长,所以设置了异步读取数据的超时时间为3秒。

import com.zyx.bigdata.flink.streaming.asynio.entity.User;
import com.zyx.bigdata.flink.streaming.asynio.operator.GetUserInfoByUserIdAsyncFunction;
import org.apache.flink.api.common.functions.FlatMapFunction;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.datastream.AsyncDataStream;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.datastream.SingleOutputStreamOperator;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.environment.StreamExecutionEnvironment;
import org.apache.flink.util.Collector;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

/**
 * @Author zyx
 * @Date 2020-10-20 15:23
 */
public class AsynGetUserInfoJon {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        // 获取 flink env
        final StreamExecutionEnvironment env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();
        // 因为本地测试,并行度设置为1
        env.setParallelism(1);
        // 从 9980 端口读取数据,传入的数据为userid
        SingleOutputStreamOperator<User> localhost =
                env.socketTextStream("localhost", 9980, "\n")
                .flatMap(new FlatMapFunction<String, User>() {
                    @Override
                    public void flatMap(String value, Collector<User> out) throws Exception {
                        try {
                            long userId = Long.parseLong(value);
                            User user = new User();
                            user.setUserId(userId);
                            out.collect(user); // 此时吐出的数据中只有userid
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            System.out.println("error "+ e);
                        }
                    }
                });

        // 关联维表 mall_user
        SingleOutputStreamOperator<User> dataEntitySingleOutputStreamOperator = AsyncDataStream
                // 3,TimeUnit.SECONDS 表示超时时间为3秒
                .unorderedWait(localhost, new GetUserInfoByUserIdAsyncFunction(), 3, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

        // 数据打印
        dataEntitySingleOutputStreamOperator.print();

        env.execute("Flink_Async_IO_Test");
    }
}

2.GetUserInfoByUserIdAsyncFunction 类,继承了 RichAsyncFunction 类。

这里需要添加两个依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>io.vertx</groupId>
    <artifactId>vertx-sql-common</artifactId>
    <version>3.8.5</version>
    <scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>io.vertx</groupId>
    <artifactId>vertx-jdbc-client</artifactId>
    <version>3.8.5</version>
    <scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>

此处需要注意的点:

  • 缓存的设置可以减少读取外部存储的次数
  • 是否获取到外部数据,都需要将数据 out 出来,防止线程直占用
  • 出现异常、超时都需要将数据吐出来。
  • 从外部数据读取完后,记得 conn.close()
  • 不明白的可以留言。后续出异步IO的源码阅读
package com.zyx.bigdata.flink.streaming.asynio.operator;

import com.zyx.bigdata.flink.streaming.asynio.entity.User;
import io.vertx.core.AsyncResult;
import io.vertx.core.Handler;
import io.vertx.core.Vertx;
import io.vertx.core.VertxOptions;
import io.vertx.core.json.JsonObject;
import io.vertx.ext.jdbc.JDBCClient;
import io.vertx.ext.sql.ResultSet;
import io.vertx.ext.sql.SQLClient;
import io.vertx.ext.sql.SQLConnection;
import org.apache.flink.configuration.Configuration;
import org.apache.flink.shaded.guava18.com.google.common.cache.Cache;
import org.apache.flink.shaded.guava18.com.google.common.cache.CacheBuilder;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.functions.async.ResultFuture;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.functions.async.RichAsyncFunction;

import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

/**
 * @Author axin
 * @Date 2020-10-20 15:29
 */

public class GetUserInfoByUserIdAsyncFunction extends RichAsyncFunction<User, User> {

    private transient SQLClient sqlClient;
    private transient volatile Cache<Long, User> userInfoCache;

    @Override
    public void open(Configuration parameters) {
        // 异步读取 mysql client
        Vertx vertx = Vertx.vertx(new VertxOptions().setWorkerPoolSize(10).setEventLoopPoolSize(5));
        JsonObject config = new JsonObject()
                .put("url", "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/bigdata?serverTimezone=UTC")
                .put("driver_class", "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver")
                .put("max_pool_size", 20)
                .put("user", "root")
                .put("password", "root");

        sqlClient = JDBCClient.createShared(vertx, config);
        // 做缓存,优先读取缓存中数据,没有读到时,再从mysql中获取
        userInfoCache = CacheBuilder.newBuilder()
                .initialCapacity(500)  // 初始化缓存池大小
                .maximumSize(1000) // 缓存池最大为1000
                .expireAfterWrite(5, TimeUnit.MINUTES).build(); // 写入的数据5分钟后过期,表示失效
    }

    @Override
    public void asyncInvoke(User inputUser, ResultFuture<User> resultFuture) {

        long userId = inputUser.getUserId();
        // 从缓存中读取该用户的信息
        User userFromCache = userInfoCache.getIfPresent(userId);
        // 判断读取是否成功
        if (userFromCache != null && userFromCache.getLastLoadTime()!=null && userFromCache.getRegisterTime()!=null) {
            // 从缓存中成功获取到数据,user 补充时间字段的值
            inputUser.setLastLoadTime(userFromCache.getLastLoadTime());
            inputUser.setRegisterTime(userFromCache.getRegisterTime());
            resultFuture.complete(Collections.singletonList(inputUser));
        } else {
            // 查询的sql,此处需要注意查询的条件尽量打在索引上,避免查询超时
            String sql = "select `lastLoadTime`,`registerTime` from `mall_user` where `userId` = '" + userId +  "'";
            sqlClient.getConnection(new Handler<AsyncResult<SQLConnection>>() {
                @Override
                public void handle(AsyncResult<SQLConnection> sqlConnectionAsyncResult) {
                    SQLConnection conn = sqlConnectionAsyncResult.result();
                    try {
                        conn.query(sql, resultSetAsyncResult -> {
                            if (resultSetAsyncResult.failed()) {
                                // 获取结果失败,重新执行。此处需要注意控制失败查询次数
                                asyncInvoke(inputUser, resultFuture);
                                return;
                            }
                            // 查询成功
                            ResultSet result = resultSetAsyncResult.result();
                            // 判断取到的值是否有记录
                            if (result.getRows() != null && result.getNumRows() > 0) {
                                User userFromDB = new User();
                                for (JsonObject userInfoFromDB : result.getRows()) {
                                    userFromDB.setUserId(userId);
                                    userFromDB.setRegisterTime(userInfoFromDB.getLong("registerTime"));
                                    userFromDB.setLastLoadTime(userInfoFromDB.getLong("lastLoadTime"));
                                }
                                // 存入 cache
                                userInfoCache.put(userId, userFromDB);
                                // user 补充时间字段的值
                                inputUser.setLastLoadTime(userFromDB.getLastLoadTime());
                                inputUser.setRegisterTime(userFromDB.getRegisterTime());
                            }
                            // 返回数据
                            resultFuture.complete(Collections.singletonList(inputUser));
                        });
                    } catch (Exception e) {
                        // 出现异常,也是需要将数据吐出的,不然会导致异步线程阻塞
                        resultFuture.complete(Collections.singletonList(inputUser));
                        System.out.println("数据查询异常 " + e.getMessage());
                    }
                    conn.close();
                }
            });
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void timeout( User input,  ResultFuture<User> resultFuture) {
        // 查询超时的数据,也需要返回出来,不然会导致数据丢失
        resultFuture.complete(Collections.singletonList(input));
    }

    @Override
    public void close() {
        sqlClient.close();
        userInfoCache.invalidateAll();
    }
}

数据测试:

Terminal 发送数据到9980端口

zyx@axindeMacBook-Pro ~ % nc -lk 9980
10000
10080
10010
10000
10086

控制台打印到数据:

只有userid = 10086和10010 到user在数据库中有数据,所以关联到时间属性值,10000和10080还是返回到null。

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>flink-demo</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.zyx.flink</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>module-flink-asynio</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <flink.version>1.10.1</flink.version>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <scala.binary.version>2.11</scala.binary.version>
        <maven.compiler.source>${java.version}</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>${java.version}</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- Apache Flink dependencies -->
        <!-- These dependencies are provided, because they should not be packaged into the JAR file. -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.flink</groupId>
            <artifactId>flink-java</artifactId>
            <version>${flink.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.flink</groupId>
            <artifactId>flink-streaming-java_${scala.binary.version}</artifactId>
            <version>${flink.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.7</version>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- vertx-jdbc -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.vertx</groupId>
            <artifactId>vertx-sql-common</artifactId>
            <version>3.8.5</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.vertx</groupId>
            <artifactId>vertx-jdbc-client</artifactId>
            <version>3.8.5</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- mysql-connector -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.20</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>

            <!-- Java Compiler -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>${java.version}</source>
                    <target>${java.version}</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>

            <!-- We use the maven-shade plugin to create a fat jar that contains all necessary dependencies. -->
            <!-- Change the value of <mainClass>...</mainClass> if your program entry point changes. -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.0.0</version>
                <executions>
                    <!-- Run shade goal on package phase -->
                    <execution>
                        <phase>package</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>shade</goal>
                        </goals>
                        <configuration>
                            <artifactSet>
                                <excludes>
                                    <exclude>org.apache.flink:force-shading</exclude>
                                    <exclude>com.google.code.findbugs:jsr305</exclude>
                                    <exclude>org.slf4j:*</exclude>
                                    <exclude>log4j:*</exclude>
                                </excludes>
                            </artifactSet>
                            <filters>
                                <filter>
                                    <!-- Do not copy the signatures in the META-INF folder.
									Otherwise, this might cause SecurityExceptions when using the JAR. -->
                                    <artifact>*:*</artifact>
                                    <excludes>
                                        <exclude>META-INF/*.SF</exclude>
                                        <exclude>META-INF/*.DSA</exclude>
                                        <exclude>META-INF/*.RSA</exclude>
                                    </excludes>
                                </filter>
                            </filters>
                            <transformers>
                                <transformer
                                        implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
                                    <mainClass>com.zyx.bigdata.DistinctDemo2</mainClass>
                                </transformer>
                            </transformers>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>

        <pluginManagement>
            <plugins>

                <!-- This improves the out-of-the-box experience in Eclipse by resolving some warnings. -->
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.eclipse.m2e</groupId>
                    <artifactId>lifecycle-mapping</artifactId>
                    <version>1.0.0</version>
                    <configuration>
                        <lifecycleMappingMetadata>
                            <pluginExecutions>
                                <pluginExecution>
                                    <pluginExecutionFilter>
                                        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                                        <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
                                        <versionRange>[3.0.0,)</versionRange>
                                        <goals>
                                            <goal>shade</goal>
                                        </goals>
                                    </pluginExecutionFilter>
                                    <action>
                                        <ignore/>
                                    </action>
                                </pluginExecution>
                                <pluginExecution>
                                    <pluginExecutionFilter>
                                        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                                        <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                                        <versionRange>[3.1,)</versionRange>
                                        <goals>
                                            <goal>testCompile</goal>
                                            <goal>compile</goal>
                                        </goals>
                                    </pluginExecutionFilter>
                                    <action>
                                        <ignore/>
                                    </action>
                                </pluginExecution>
                            </pluginExecutions>
                        </lifecycleMappingMetadata>
                    </configuration>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </pluginManagement>
    </build>

    <!-- This profile helps to make things run out of the box in IntelliJ -->
    <!-- Its adds Flink's core classes to the runtime class path. -->
    <!-- Otherwise they are missing in IntelliJ, because the dependency is 'provided' -->
    <profiles>
        <profile>
            <id>add-dependencies-for-IDEA</id>

            <activation>
                <property>
                    <name>idea.version</name>
                </property>
            </activation>

            <dependencies>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.apache.flink</groupId>
                    <artifactId>flink-java</artifactId>
                    <version>${flink.version}</version>
                    <scope>compile</scope>
                </dependency>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.apache.flink</groupId>
                    <artifactId>flink-streaming-java_${scala.binary.version}</artifactId>
                    <version>${flink.version}</version>
                    <scope>compile</scope>
                </dependency>
            </dependencies>
        </profile>
    </profiles>

</project>

 

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您好!对于使用Flink SQL将数据流写入文件系统,您可以通过以下步骤来实现: 1. 导入所需的依赖项 首先,您需要在您的项目中添加Flink SQL和所选文件系统的相关依赖项。例如,如果您想将数据写入HDFS文件系统,您需要添加相关的Hadoop依赖项。 2. 创建一个Flink StreamTableEnvironment 通过创建一个Flink StreamTableEnvironment,您可以使用Flink SQL来处理和操作流数据。 ```java StreamExecutionEnvironment env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment(); StreamTableEnvironment tableEnv = StreamTableEnvironment.create(env); ``` 3. 定义输入表和输出表 您需要定义一个输入表和一个输出表,以便在Flink SQL中引用它们。 ```java tableEnv.executeSql("CREATE TABLE inputTable (field1 INT, field2 STRING) WITH (...)"); tableEnv.executeSql("CREATE TABLE outputTable (field1 INT, field2 STRING) WITH (...)"); ``` 在上述代码中,您需要根据实际情况替换`WITH (...)`部分,并根据您的输入数据源和输出目标进行配置。 4. 将数据流写入输出表 使用Flink SQL的INSERT INTO语句,您可以将数据从输入表写入输出表。 ```java tableEnv.executeSql("INSERT INTO outputTable SELECT * FROM inputTable"); ``` 在上述代码中,我们使用SELECT *从输入表中选择所有字段,并将其插入输出表中。 5. 执行Flink程序 最后,使用`env.execute()`来触发Flink程序的执行。 ```java env.execute(); ``` 这将启动Flink作业并开始将数据流写入文件系统。 请注意,上述步骤是一个简单的示例,您需要根据实际情况进行适当的配置和调整。另外,根据您选择的文件系统,可能还需要进行额外的配置和设置。 希望以上信息对您有所帮助!如有任何进一步的问题,请随时提问。

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