apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaException: Unknown version specified for initialization: 3.1.0

项目场景：

hive3.1.2配置mysql的问题

---

问题描述：

我在初始化mysql的时候，一直报错
Metastore connection URL: jdbc:mysql://192.168.10.100:3306/metastore?useSSL=false
Metastore Connection Driver : com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
Metastore connection User: root
Starting metastore schema initialization to 3.1.0
org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaException: Unknown version specified for initialization: 3.1.0
org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaException: Unknown version specified for initialization: 3.1.0
sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.run(RunJar.java:323)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java:236)
*** schemaTool failed ***

Metastore connection URL:	 jdbc:mysql://192.168.10.100:3306/metastore?useSSL=false
Metastore Connection Driver :	 com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
Metastore connection User:	 root
Starting metastore schema initialization to 3.1.0
org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaException: Unknown version specified for initialization: 3.1.0
org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaException: Unknown version specified for initialization: 3.1.0
	at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.MetaStoreSchemaInfo.generateInitFileName(MetaStoreSchemaInfo.java:137)
	at org.apache.hive.beeline.HiveSchemaTool.doInit(HiveSchemaTool.java:585)
	at org.apache.hive.beeline.HiveSchemaTool.doInit(HiveSchemaTool.java:567)
	at org.apache.hive.beeline.HiveSchemaTool.main(HiveSchemaTool.java:1517)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.run(RunJar.java:323)
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java:236)
*** schemaTool failed ***

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解决方案：

这里分很多情况

1. 假如你在MySQL里面没有创建metastore数据库，也会报错的，所以先创建一个这样的数据库
   还有要给你的数据库里面用户赋权

2. 创建文件夹
   

3. 要启动集群，再进行初始化，这是最重要的，没启动也会报这样的错误
   你可以启动hdfs,也可以全启./sbin/start-all.sh

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初始化命令是
这里是在hive的bin目录下

./schematool -dbType mysql -initSchema

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这里是我的hive的配置文件：

①hive-site.xml

<configuration>
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>
<value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/metastore?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true&amp;useSSL=false</value>
<description>metadata is stored in a MySQL server</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>
<value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
<description>MySQL JDBC driver class</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>
<value>root</value>
<description>user name for connecting to mysql server</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>
<value>123456</value>
<description>password for connecting to mysql server</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>hive.exec.local.scratchdir</name>
<value>/tmp/hive</value>
<description>Local scratch space for Hive jobs</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>hive.downloaded.resources.dir</name>
<value>/tmp/hive</value>
<description>Temporary local directory for added resources in the remote file system.</description>
</property>
</configuration>

②hive-env.sh

export JAVA_HOME=/opt/module/jdk1.8.0_131
export HADOOP_HOME=/opt/module/hadoop-3.3.1
export HIVE_HOME=/opt/module/apache-hive-3.1.2-bin
export HIVE_CONF_DIR=/opt/module/apache-hive-3.1.2-bin/conf

在hive-env.sh加上基本的环境就ok了

ok，自此解决