多线程基础

一，线程，进程，多线程

(1)多任务

(2)多线程

(3)普通方法调用和多线程

(4)程序，进程，线程

(5)线程与进程

(6)小结

二，线程创建

(1)三种创建方式

(2)Thread

注意：线程开启不一定立即执行，由CPU调度执行

//创建线程方式一：继承Thread类，重写run()方法，调用start开启线程
//主线程和子线程并行交替执行
public class Thread1 extends Thread {
    @Override
    public void run() {
        //run方法线程体
        for(int i=0;i<10;i++){
            System.out.println("run方法线程体"+i);
        }
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //创建一个线程对象,并调用start()方法开启线程
        Thread1 thread1=new Thread1();
        thread1.start();
        //main线程，主线程
        for(int i=0;i<100;i++){
            System.out.println("main线程，主线程"+i);
        }
    }
}

(3)Runnable

//创建线程方式2：实现Runnable接口，重写run方法，执行线程需要丢入Runnable接口实现类，调用start开启线程
public class Thread2 implements Runnable {
    @Override
    public void run() {
        //run方法线程体
        for(int i=0;i<10;i++){
            System.out.println("run方法线程体"+i);
        }
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //创建Runnable接口的实现类对象
        Thread2 thread2=new Thread2();
        //创建线程对象，通过线程对象来开启我们的线程，代理
        Thread thread=new Thread(thread2);
        thread.start();
        //main线程，主线程
        for(int i=0;i<100;i++){
            System.out.println("main线程，主线程"+i);
        }
    }
}

(4)小结

//多个线程同时操作同一个对象
//买火车票问题
public class Thread2Test implements Runnable{
    private int ticketNums=10;//票数
    @Override
    public void run() {
        while(true){
            if(ticketNums<=0){
                break;
            }
            //模拟延时
            try{
                Thread.sleep(250);
            }catch(InterruptedException e){
                e.printStackTrace();

            }
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"-->拿到了第"+ticketNums--+"张票");
        }
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Thread2Test ticket=new Thread2Test();
        new Thread(ticket,"王某").start();
        new Thread(ticket,"张三").start();
        new Thread(ticket,"小黄牛").start();
    }
}

并发问题：

//模拟龟兔赛跑
public class Thread2Test1 implements Runnable {
    private static String winner;//胜利者
    @Override
    public void run() {
        for(int i=0;i<=100;i++){
            //模拟兔子休息
            if(Thread.currentThread().getName().equals("兔子")&&i%10==0){
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(2);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            //判断比赛是否结束
            boolean flag=gameOver(i);
            //如果比赛结束就退出
            if(flag) break;
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"跑了-->"+i+"步");
        }

    }
    private boolean gameOver(int steps) {
        //判断是否有胜利者
        if(winner!=null){//已经存在胜利者
            return true;
        }else{
            if(steps>=100){
                winner=Thread.currentThread().getName();
                System.out.println("winner is"+winner);
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Thread2Test1 race=new Thread2Test1();
        new Thread(race,"兔子").start();
        new Thread(race,"大乌龟").start();
    }
}

(5)Callable

//线程创建方式三：实现Callable接口   好处：可以定义返回值，可以抛出异常
public class CallableTest implements Callable<Boolean> {
    private String url;//网络图片地址
    private String name;//保存的文件名
    public CallableTest(String url,String name){
        this.url=url;
        this.name=name;
    }
    @Override
    public Boolean call() throws Exception {
        WebDownloader webDownloader=new WebDownloader();
        webDownloader.downloader(url,name);
        System.out.println("下载了图片的文件名为："+name);
        return true;
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
        CallableTest thread1Test1=new CallableTest("http://222.186.12.235:41001/Uploads/vod/2021-02-03/601a19c71e562.jpg","窥探1.jpg");
        CallableTest thread1Test2=new CallableTest("http://pic.baike.soso.com/p/20110826/20110826220618-1504115653.jpg","窥探2.jpg");
        CallableTest thread1Test3=new CallableTest("https://p0.itc.cn/images01/20210423/a454b56b139e433c81cf2f1aaad2ae7a.png","窥探3.jpg");
        //创建执行服务
        ExecutorService service= Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);
        //提交执行
        Future<Boolean> r1=service.submit(thread1Test1);
        Future<Boolean> r2=service.submit(thread1Test2);
        Future<Boolean> r3=service.submit(thread1Test3);
        //获取结果
        boolean res1=r1.get();
        boolean res2=r2.get();
        boolean res3=r3.get();
        //关闭服务
        service.shutdownNow();
    }
}

三，静态代理

/**
 * 静态代理模式总结：真实对象和代理对象都要实现同一个接口，代理对象要代理真实角色
 * 好处：代理对象可以做很多真实对象做不了的事情，真实对象专注做自己事情
 */
public class StaticProxy {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                System.out.println("静态代理：");
            }
        }).start();
        WeddingCompany weddingCompany=new WeddingCompany(new My());
        weddingCompany.HappyMarry();

    }
}
//真实角色，我去结婚
class My implements Marry{

    @Override
    public void HappyMarry() {
        System.out.println("王某要结婚啦，😊");
    }
}
interface Marry{
    void HappyMarry();
}
//代理角色，帮助我结婚
class WeddingCompany implements Marry{
    private Marry target;
    public WeddingCompany(Marry target){
        this.target=target;
    }

    @Override
    public void HappyMarry() {
        before();
        this.target.HappyMarry();
        after();
    }
    private void before() {
        System.out.println("结婚之前，婚庆公司布置现场");
    }

    private void after() {
        System.out.println("结婚之后，婚庆公司收钱");
    }
}

四---------》七

四---------》七
线程状态和方法

四，线程五大状态

(1)线程状态


(2)线程方法

(3)线程停止
1，停止线程

2，代码

/**
 * 测试stop：
 * 1，建议线程正常停止-->利用次数，不建议死循环
 * 2，建议使用标记位-->设置一个标记位
 * 3，不要使用stop或者destroy等过时或者JDK不建议使用的方法
 */
public class StopTest implements Runnable{
    //1,设置一个标记位
    private boolean flag=true;
    @Override
    public void run() {
        int i=0;
        while(flag){
            System.out.println("run........Thread"+i++);
        }
    }
    //2,设置一个公开的方法停止线程，转换标志位
    public void stop(){
        this.flag=false;
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        StopTest stopTest=new StopTest();
        new Thread(stopTest).start();
        for(int i=0;i<=100;i++){
            System.out.println("main"+i);
            if(i==90){
                //调用stop方法切换标志位，让线程停止
                stopTest.stop();
                System.out.println("该线程停止啦");
            }
        }
    }
}

(4)线程休眠–sleep
1,线程休眠

2，模拟网络延时

//模拟网络延时：放大问题的发生性
public class SleepTest implements Runnable{
    private int ticketNums=10;//票数
    @Override
    public void run() {
        while (true) {
            if (ticketNums <= 0) {
                break;
            }
            //模拟延时
            try {
                Thread.sleep(250);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();

            }
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "-->拿到了第" + ticketNums-- + "张票");
        }
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SleepTest ticket=new SleepTest();
        new Thread(ticket,"王某").start();
        new Thread(ticket,"张三").start();
        new Thread(ticket,"小黄牛").start();
    }
}

3，模拟倒计时

//模拟倒计时。。。
public class SleepTest2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //打印当前系统时间
        Date startTime=new Date(System.currentTimeMillis());//获取系统当前时间
        while(true){
            try {
                Thread.sleep(1000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.out.println(new SimpleDateFormat("HH:mm:ss").format(startTime));
            startTime=new Date(System.currentTimeMillis());//更新当前时间
        }
    }
    public static void tenDown() throws InterruptedException{
        int num=10;
        while(true){
            Thread.sleep(1000);
            System.out.println(num--);
            if(num<=0){
                break;
            }
        }
    }
}

(5)线程礼让–yield
1,线程礼让

2，代码

//测试礼让线程，礼让不一定成功，看CPU心情
public class YieldTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MyYield myYield=new MyYield();
        new Thread(myYield,"a").start();
        new Thread(myYield,"b").start();
    }
}
class MyYield implements Runnable{

    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"线程开始执行");
        Thread.yield();
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"线程停止执行");
    }
}

3，礼让成功

(6)线程强制执行–join
1，join

2，代码

//测试join方法，想象为插队
public class JoinTest implements Runnable {
    @Override
    public void run() {
        for(int i=0;i<1000;i++){
            System.out.println("线程VIP来了"+i);
        }
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        //启动线程
        JoinTest joinTest=new JoinTest();
        Thread thread=new Thread(joinTest);
        thread.start();
        //主线程
        for(int i=0;i<500;i++){
            if(i==200){
                thread.join();
            }
            System.out.println("main"+i);
        }
    }
}

五，线程状态观测

(1)线程状态

//线程状态的观察测试
public class StateTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        Thread thread=new Thread(()->{
            for(int i=0;i<=5;i++){
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(1000);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            System.out.println("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~");
        });
        //观察状态
        Thread.State state=thread.getState();
        System.out.println(state);  //NEW
        //观察启动后
        thread.start();//启动线程
        state=thread.getState();
        System.out.println(state);  //Run
        while(thread.getState()!=Thread.State.TERMINATED){//只要线程不终止，就一直输出状态
            Thread.sleep(100);
            state=thread.getState();
            System.out.println(state);//输出状态
        }
    }
}

六，线程的优先级

(1)，线程优先级Priority

(2)，优先级低只是意味着获得调度的概率低，并不是优先级低就不会被调用了，这都是看CPU的调度
(3)，代码

//测试线程优先级
public class PriorityTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //主线程默认优先级
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"--->"+Thread.currentThread().getPriority());
        MyPriority myPriority=new MyPriority();
        Thread thread1=new Thread(myPriority);
        Thread thread2=new Thread(myPriority);
        Thread thread3=new Thread(myPriority);
        Thread thread4=new Thread(myPriority);
        //先设置优先级，再启动
        thread1.start();
        thread2.setPriority(1);
        thread2.start();
        thread3.setPriority(4);
        thread3.start();
        thread4.setPriority(Thread.MAX_PRIORITY);
        thread4.start();
    }
}
class MyPriority implements Runnable{

    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"--->"+Thread.currentThread().getPriority());
    }
}

七，守护线程

(1)，daemon

(2),代码

//测试守护线程
public class DaemonTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        God god=new God();
        Me me=new Me();
        Thread thread=new Thread(god);
        thread.setDaemon(true);//默认false表示式用户线程，正常的线程都是用户线程
        thread.start();
        new Thread(me).start();//用户线程启动
    }
}
class God implements Runnable{

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while(true){
            System.out.println("上帝保佑我");
        }
    }
}
class Me implements Runnable{

    @Override
    public void run() {
        for(int i=0;i<=365;i++){
            System.out.println("美好的一天开始了");
        }
        System.out.println("~~~~~~~~~~~~~goodbye~~~~~~~~~~~~~~");
    }
}

八，线程同步机制

(1)多个线程操作同一个资源

(2)线程同步

(3)队列和锁

线程同步安全性


(4)synchronized

(5)不安全案例
1，不安全案例–买票

//不安全的买票
public class UnsafeBuyTicket {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        BuyTicket ticket=new BuyTicket();
        new Thread(ticket,"王某").start();
        new Thread(ticket,"张三").start();
        new Thread(ticket,"小黄牛").start();
    }
}
class BuyTicket implements Runnable{
    private int ticketNums=10;//票
    boolean flag=true;//外部停止方式
    @Override
    public void run() {
        //买票
        while(flag){
            try {
                buy();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
    private void buy() throws InterruptedException {
        //判断是否有票
        if(ticketNums<=0){
            flag=false;
            return;
        }
        //模拟延时
        Thread.sleep(100);
        //买票
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"拿到第"+ticketNums--+"张票");
    }
}

2，不安全案例–取钱

//不安全的取钱，两个人去一行取钱，账户
public class UnsafeBank {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Account account=new Account(100,"结婚基金");//账户
        Take me=new Take(account,50,"我");
        Take girlFriend=new Take(account,100,"某某某");
        me.start();
        girlFriend.start();
    }
}
//账户
class Account{
    int money;//余额
    String name;//卡名
    public Account(int money,String name){
        this.money=money;
        this.name=name;
    }
}
//银行，模拟取款
class Take extends Thread{
    Account account;//账户
    int takeMoney;//取了多少钱
    int nowMoney;//现在手里有多少钱
    public Take(Account account,int takeMoney,String name){
        super(name);
        this.account=account;
        this.takeMoney=takeMoney;
    }
    //取钱
    @Override
    public void run() {
        //判断有没有钱
        if(account.money-takeMoney<0){
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"钱不够，取不了");
            return;
        }
        try {
            Thread.sleep(1000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        //卡内余额=余额-取的钱
        account.money=account.money-takeMoney;
        //现在手里的钱
        nowMoney=nowMoney+takeMoney;
        System.out.println(account.name+"余额为："+account.money);
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"手里的钱："+nowMoney);
    }
}

3，不安全案例–线程不安全的集合

//线程不安全的集合
public class UnsafeList {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<String> list=new ArrayList<>();
        for(int i=0;i<=10000;i++){
            new Thread(()->{
                list.add(Thread.currentThread().getName());
            }).start();
        }
        try {
            Thread.sleep(1000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println(list.size());
    }
}

4，线程不安全来源–》线程的内存是各自的，互不影响
每个线程在自己的工作内存交互，内存控制不当会造成数据不一致

5，同步方法及同步块
<1>同步方法

<2>同步方法弊端

<3>synchronized同步方法保证安全买票


<4>同步块


锁的对象就是变化的量，需要增删改的对象

//银行，模拟取款
class Take extends Thread{
    Account account;//账户
    int takeMoney;//取了多少钱
    int nowMoney;//现在手里有多少钱
    public Take(Account account,int takeMoney,String name){
        super(name);
        this.account=account;
        this.takeMoney=takeMoney;
    }
    //取钱
    //synchronized默认锁的是this
    @Override
    public void run() {
        synchronized(account){
            //判断有没有钱
            if(account.money-takeMoney<0){
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"钱不够，取不了");
                return;
            }
            try {
                Thread.sleep(1000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            //卡内余额=余额-取的钱
            account.money=account.money-takeMoney;
            //现在手里的钱
            nowMoney=nowMoney+takeMoney;
            System.out.println(account.name+"余额为："+account.money);
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"手里的钱："+nowMoney);
        }
    }
}

<5>synchronized同步块保证集合安全

public class UnsafeList {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<String> list=new ArrayList<>();
        for(int i=0;i<=10000;i++){
            new Thread(()->{
                synchronized (list){
                    list.add(Thread.currentThread().getName());
                }
            }).start();
        }
        try {
            Thread.sleep(1000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println(list.size());
    }
}

九，JUC

https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1B7411L7tE?from=search&seid=9216133184325797901

import java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArrayList;

//测试JUC安全类型的集合
public class JUCTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        CopyOnWriteArrayList<String> list=new CopyOnWriteArrayList<String>();
        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
            new Thread(()->{
                list.add(Thread.currentThread().getName());
            }).start();
        }
        try {
            Thread.sleep(1000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println(list.size());
    }
}

十，死锁

1，死锁问题
多个线程互相抱着对方需要的资源，然后形成僵持

2，代码

//死锁：多个线程互相抱着对方需要的资源，然后形成僵持
public class DeadLock {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Makeup girl1=new Makeup(0,"阿巴0");
        Makeup girl2=new Makeup(1,"欧尼酱1");
        girl1.start();
        girl2.start();
    }
}
//口红
class Lipstick{

}
//镜子
class Mirror{

}
class Makeup extends Thread{
    //需要的资源只有一份，用static来保证只有一份
    static Lipstick lipstick=new Lipstick();
    static Mirror mirror=new Mirror();
    int choice;//选择
    String girlName;//使用化妆品的人
    Makeup(int choice,String girlName){
        this.choice=choice;
        this.girlName=girlName;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        //化妆
        try {
            makeup();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    //化妆，互相持有对方的锁，就是需要拿到对方的资源
    private void makeup() throws InterruptedException{
        if(choice==0){
            synchronized(lipstick){//获得口红的锁
                System.out.println(this.girlName+"获得口红的锁");
                Thread.sleep(1000);
                synchronized(mirror){//一秒钟后想获得镜子
                    System.out.println(this.girlName+"获得镜子的锁");
                }
            }
        }else{
            synchronized (mirror){//获得镜子的锁
                System.out.println(this.girlName+"获得镜子的锁");
                Thread.sleep(1000);
                synchronized(lipstick){//一秒钟想获得口红
                    System.out.println(this.girlName+"获得口红的锁");
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

3，死锁现象

4，死锁解决

//化妆，互相持有对方的锁，就是需要拿到对方的资源
    private void makeup() throws InterruptedException{
        if(choice==0){
            synchronized(lipstick){//获得口红的锁
                System.out.println(this.girlName+"获得口红的锁");
                Thread.sleep(1000);
            }
            synchronized(mirror){//一秒钟后想获得镜子
                System.out.println(this.girlName+"获得镜子的锁");
            }
        }else{
            synchronized (mirror){//获得镜子的锁
                System.out.println(this.girlName+"获得镜子的锁");
                Thread.sleep(1000);
            }
            synchronized(lipstick){//一秒钟想获得口红
                System.out.println(this.girlName+"获得口红的锁");
            }
        }
    }

5，死锁避免条件

十一，Lock锁

(1)Lock

(2)ReentrantLock详解:ReentrantLock一个可重入的互斥锁,又称为“独占锁”；ReentrantLock锁在同一个时间点只能被一个线程锁持有；而可重入的意思是，ReentrantLock锁，可以被单个线程多次获取；ReentrantLock在同一个时间点只能被一个线程获取
https://blog.csdn.net/SunStaday/article/details/107451530
(3)ReentrantLock代码

//买票测试Lock锁
public class LockTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        LockTest2 lockTest2=new LockTest2();
        new Thread(lockTest2).start();
        new Thread(lockTest2).start();
        new Thread(lockTest2).start();
    }
}
class LockTest2 implements Runnable{
    int ticketNums=10;
    //定义lock锁
    private final ReentrantLock lock=new ReentrantLock();
    @Override
    public void run() {
        while(true){
            try{
                lock.lock();//加锁
                if(ticketNums>0){
                    try {
                        Thread.sleep(1000);
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    System.out.println(ticketNums--);
                }else{
                    break;
                }
            }finally {
                lock.unlock();//释放锁
            }
        }
    }
}

(4)Lock与synchronized的比较

十二，线程通信

(1)线程协作—生产者消费者问题

(2)线程通信应用场景

(3)线程通信分析
生产者生产，消费者消费，两条线程之间可以通信

(4)解决线程通信的方法

(5)解决方式一–管程法
1，管程法–利用缓冲区解决

2，代码

//测试：生产者消费者模型-->利用缓冲区解决：管程法
public class PCTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SynContainer container=new SynContainer();
        new Productor(container).start();
        new Consumer(container).start();
    }
}
//生产者
class Productor extends Thread{
    SynContainer container;
    public Productor(SynContainer container){
        this.container=container;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            container.push(new Chicken(i));
            System.out.println("生产了"+i+"只鸡");
        }
    }
}
//消费者
class Consumer extends Thread{
    SynContainer container;
    public Consumer(SynContainer container){
        this.container=container;
    }
    //消费
    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            System.out.println("消费了--》"+container.pop().id+"只鸡");
        }
    }
}
//产品
class Chicken{
    int id;//生产编号
    public Chicken(int id) {
        this.id=id;
    }
}
//缓冲区
class SynContainer{
    //需要一个容器大小
    Chicken[] chickens=new Chicken[10];
    //容量计数器
    int count=0;
    //生产者放入产品
    public synchronized void push(Chicken chicken){
        //如果容器满了，就需要等待消费者消费
        if(count==chickens.length){
            //通知消费者消费，生产等待
            try {
                this.wait();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        //如果没有满，我们就需要丢入产品
        chickens[count]=chicken;
        count++;
        //可以通知消费者消费了
        this.notify();

    }
    //消费者消费产品
    public synchronized Chicken pop(){
        //判断能否消费
        if(count==0){
            //等待生产者生产，消费者等待
            try {
                this.wait();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        //如果可以消费
        count--;
        Chicken chicken=chickens[count];
        //吃完了，通知生产者生产
        this.notify();
        return chicken;
    }
}

(6)解决方式二–信号灯法
1，信号灯法-利用标志位解决

2，代码

//测试生产者消费者问题2：信号灯法-标志位解决
public class PCTest2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        TV tv=new TV();
        new Player(tv).start();
        new Watcher(tv).start();
    }
}
//生产者-演员
class Player extends Thread{
    TV tv;
    public Player(TV tv){
        this.tv=tv;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
            if(i%2==0){
                this.tv.play("播放一半TV剧");
            }else{
                this.tv.play("播放一半广告");
            }
        }
    }
}
//消费者-观众
class Watcher extends Thread{
    TV tv;
    public Watcher(TV tv){
        this.tv=tv;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
            tv.watch();
        }
    }
}
//产品-节目
class TV{
    //演员表演，观众等待 T
    //演员等待，观众表演 F
    String voice;//表演的节目
    boolean flag=true;
    //表演
    public synchronized void play(String voice){
        if(!flag){
            try {
                this.wait();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

        }
        System.out.println("演员表演了："+voice);
        //通知观众观看
        this.notify();//通知唤醒
        this.voice=voice;
        this.flag=!this.flag;
    }
    //观看
    public synchronized void watch(){
        if(flag){
            try {
                this.wait();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        System.out.println("观众观看了："+voice);
        //通知演员表演
        this.notify();
        this.flag=!this.flag;
    }
}

十三，线程池

(1)线程池

(2)线程池的使用

(3)Runnable

//测试线程池
public class PoolTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //1,创建服务，创建线程池
        //newFixedThreadPool  参数为：线程池大小
        ExecutorService service= Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);
        //执行Runnable接口的实现类
        service.execute(new MyThread());
        service.execute(new MyThread());
        service.execute(new MyThread());
        service.execute(new MyThread());
        //2，关闭连接
        service.shutdown();
    }
}
class MyThread implements Runnable{

    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
    }
}

(4)Callable

//线程创建方式三：实现Callable接口   好处：可以定义返回值，可以抛出异常
public class CallableTest implements Callable<Boolean> {
    private String url;//网络图片地址
    private String name;//保存的文件名
    public CallableTest(String url,String name){
        this.url=url;
        this.name=name;
    }
    @Override
    public Boolean call() throws Exception {
        WebDownloader webDownloader=new WebDownloader();
        webDownloader.downloader(url,name);
        System.out.println("下载了图片的文件名为："+name);
        return true;
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
        CallableTest thread1Test1=new CallableTest("http://222.186.12.235:41001/Uploads/vod/2021-02-03/601a19c71e562.jpg","窥探1.jpg");
        CallableTest thread1Test2=new CallableTest("http://pic.baike.soso.com/p/20110826/20110826220618-1504115653.jpg","窥探2.jpg");
        CallableTest thread1Test3=new CallableTest("https://p0.itc.cn/images01/20210423/a454b56b139e433c81cf2f1aaad2ae7a.png","窥探3.jpg");
        //创建执行服务
        ExecutorService service= Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);
        //提交执行
        Future<Boolean> r1=service.submit(thread1Test1);
        Future<Boolean> r2=service.submit(thread1Test2);
        Future<Boolean> r3=service.submit(thread1Test3);
        //获取结果
        boolean res1=r1.get();
        boolean res2=r2.get();
        boolean res3=r3.get();
        //关闭服务
        service.shutdownNow();
    }
}

十四，回顾总结线程的创建

//回顾总结线程的创建
public class NewThread {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyThread1().start();
        new Thread(new MyThread2()).start();
        FutureTask<Integer> futureTask=new FutureTask<Integer>(new MyThread3());
        new Thread(futureTask).start();
        Integer integer= null;
        try {
            integer = futureTask.get();
            System.out.println(integer);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (ExecutionException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}
//1,继承Thread类
class MyThread1 extends Thread{
    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println("1,继承Thread类");
    }
}
//2,实现Runnable接口
class MyThread2 implements Runnable{
    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println("2,实现Runnable接口");
    }
}
//3,实现Callable接口
class MyThread3 implements Callable<Integer>{
    @Override
    public Integer call() throws Exception {
        System.out.println("3,实现Callable接口");
        return 100;
    }
}