liunx中安装mysql（四种方式

MySQL 安装部署

MySQL数据库存在多种版本，不同的版本在不同的平台上（OS，也就是操作系统上）安装方式可能有所不同，因此安装时一定要参照官方文档进行安装。https://dev.mysql.com/doc/

一、仓库安装

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
Red Hat Enterprise Linux release 9.1 (Plow)
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh  https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el9-1.noarch.rpm
[root@localhost ~]# dnf install mysql-server -y
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
mysql80-community-release-el9-1.noarch
mysql-community-common-8.0.32-1.el9.x86_64
mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.32-1.el9.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-8.0.32-1.el9.x86_64
mysql-community-client-8.0.32-1.el9.x86_64
mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.32-1.el9.x86_64
mysql-community-server-8.0.32-1.el9.x86_64
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status mysqld
[root@localhost ~]# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p

#登录之后必须先修改用户密码,默认密码策略要求密码至少包含一个大写字母、一个小写字母、一位数字和一个特殊字符，并且密码总长度至少为8个字符。第一次密码为随机生成的密码，使用grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log查看生成的密码

二、本地安装

下载完后可以使用xftp传输过去，然后解压缩

wget  https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.32-1.el9.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

这条语句也行

[root@localhost mysql]# tar xvf mysql-8.0.32-1.el9.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
[root@localhost mysql]# dnf localinstall  mysql-community-server-8.0.32-1.el9.x86_64.rpm \
> mysql-community-client-8.0.32-1.el9.x86_64.rpm \
> mysql-community-common-8.0.32-1.el9.x86_64.rpm \
> mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.32-1.el9.x86_64.rpm \
> mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.32-1.el9.x86_64.rpm \
> mysql-community-libs-8.0.32-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost mysql]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@localhost mysql]# systemctl status mysqld
[root@localhost mysql]# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 

如果还没有，按顺序安装

rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.13-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.13-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.13-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.13-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

删除==》

rpm -qa | grep mysql

卸载下面的包

rpm -evh mysql-community-sever

rpm -evh mysql-community-common-5.7.13-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-libs-5.7.13-1.el7.x86_64.rpm evh mysql-community-client-5.7.13-1.el7.x86_64.rpm evh mysql-community-server-5.7.13-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

三、容器安装

官网下载地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

可以在/etc/yum.repos.d/下查看dockers-ce.repo是否下载成功

yum repolist查看仓库dockers

[root@localhost ~]# dnf install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2

[root@localhost ~]# yum-config-manager --add-repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
[root@localhost ~]# sed -i 's+download.docker.com+mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce+' /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
[root@localhost ~]# dnf install docker-ce --allowerasing -y
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start docker
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status docker
[root@localhost ~]# docker version
[root@localhost ~]# docker run hello-world
[root@localhost ~]# docker run --name mysqltest -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it mysqltest /bin/bash
bash-4.4# mysql -uroot -p  
Enter password: 

四、源码安装

建本地源==》
查看自己的发行版本->cat /rtc/redhat-release

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /media/cdrom
#将本地光盘挂载至本地目录/media/cdrom下
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /media/cdrom
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel9.repo

[RHEL9-BaseOS]
name=RHEL9-BaseOS
baseurl=file:///media/cdrom/BaseOS
gpgcheck=0

[RHEL9-Appstream]
name=RHEL9-Appstream
baseurl=file:///media/cdrom/AppStream
gpgcheck=0

[root@localhost ~]# yum repolist
#验证能否装包成功
[root@master ~]# yum install bind-utils -y

网络源：aliyun的镜像站点为阿里巴巴开源镜像站-OPSX镜像站-阿里云开发者社区

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cat aliyun.repo
[aliyun-app]
name=aliyun-appsteam
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-stream/9-stream/AppStream/x86_64/os/
gpgcheck=0

[aliyun-base]
name=aliyun-baseos
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-stream/9-stream/BaseOS/x86_64/os/
gpgcheck=0

安装==

 参考官方文档 https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/installing-source-distribution.html

#添加用户和组
[root@localhost ~]# groupadd mysql
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql

#创建文档存储
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir mysql-source
[root@localhost ~]#cd mysql-source/
#把文件解压到文档中，通过xftp传输
[root@localhost mysql-source]# tar xvf mysql-boost-8.0.32.tar.gz
#开始源码安装
[root@localhost mysql-source]# cd mysql-8.0.32/
[root@localhost mysql-8.0.32]# yum install gcc gcc-c++ cmake -y
[root@localhost mysql-8.0.32]# yum install   cmake gcc-toolset-12-gcc gcc-toolset-12-gcc-c++ gcc-toolset-12-binutils openssl-devel ncurses-devel libtirpc rpcgen git  -y
[root@localhost mysql-8.0.32]# rpm -ivh https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-stream/9-stream/CRB/x86_64/os/Packages/libtirpc-devel-1.3.3-0.el9.x86_64.rpm

[root@localhost mysql-8.0.32]# mkdir bld
[root@localhost mysql-8.0.32]# cd bld
[root@localhost bld]# cmake .. -DWITH_BOOST=../boost/boost_1_77_0/
#下面最好将虚拟机的内存调大，如果是2G可能跑不动，过程很久，请耐心等待
[root@localhost bld]# make    
[root@localhost bld]# make install

[root@localhost mysql]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# mkdir mysql-files
[root@localhost mysql]# chown mysql:mysql mysql-files #修改所属组
[root@localhost mysql]# chmod 750 mysql-files
[root@localhost mysql]# ./bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# ./bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup
[root@localhost mysql]# ./bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
#源码安装未生成该文件，临时密码在初始化时屏幕上有输出
[root@localhost mysql]# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
[root@localhost mysql]# ./bin/mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Admin123!';
mysql> show databases;
mysql> exit

#停止mysql服务
[root@localhost mysql]# ./bin/mysqladmin -uroot -pAdmin123! shutdown

# Next command is optional
[root@localhost mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql.server
[root@localhost mysql]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@localhost mysql]# systemctl start mysql

mysql图形界面登录数据库

#先在数据库本地修改权限
mysql> update mysql.user set host='%' where user='root';
mysql> flush privileges;

要关闭防火墙

#使用图形界面客户端连接
https://www.navicat.com.cn/