SpringBoot自动装配原理详解

SpringBoot 自动装配原理

1. spring-boot-starter

我们创建了一个SpringBoot项目，首先看引入了哪些依赖。在pom.xml中，我们发现：

<parent>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    <version>2.5.1</version>
    <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>

在这里引入了spring-boot-start-parent父依赖，我们点进去看：

  <parent>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
    <version>2.5.1</version>
  </parent>

首先，spring-boot-starter-parent这个父依赖里还有一个父依赖就是spring-boot-dependencies，我们再点进去：

 <properties>
    <activemq.version>5.16.2</activemq.version>
    <antlr2.version>2.7.7</antlr2.version>
    <appengine-sdk.version>1.9.89</appengine-sdk.version>
    <artemis.version>2.17.0</artemis.version>
    <aspectj.version>1.9.6</aspectj.version>
    <assertj.version>3.19.0</assertj.version>
    <atomikos.version>4.0.6</atomikos.version>
    <awaitility.version>4.0.3</awaitility.version>
    <build-helper-maven-plugin.version>3.2.0</build-helper-maven-plugin.version>
    <byte-buddy.version>1.10.22</byte-buddy.version>
    <caffeine.version>2.9.1</caffeine.version>
    <cassandra-driver.version>4.11.1</cassandra-driver.version>
    <classmate.version>1.5.1</classmate.version>
    <commons-codec.version>1.15</commons-codec.version>
    <commons-dbcp2.version>2.8.0</commons-dbcp2.version>
    <commons-lang3.version>3.12.0</commons-lang3.version>
    <commons-pool.version>1.6</commons-pool.version>
    <commons-pool2.version>2.9.0</commons-pool2.version>
    <couchbase-client.version>3.1.6</couchbase-client.version>
    <db2-jdbc.version>11.5.5.0</db2-jdbc.version>
    <dependency-management-plugin.version>1.0.11.RELEASE</dependency-management-plugin.version>
    <derby.version>10.14.2.0</derby.version>
    <dropwizard-metrics.version>4.1.22</dropwizard-metrics.version>
    <ehcache.version>2.10.9.2</ehcache.version>
    <ehcache3.version>3.9.4</ehcache3.version>
    <elasticsearch.version>7.12.1</elasticsearch.version>
    <embedded-mongo.version>3.0.0</embedded-mongo.version>
    <flyway.version>7.7.3</flyway.version>
    <freemarker.version>2.3.31</freemarker.version>
    <git-commit-id-plugin.version>4.0.5</git-commit-id-plugin.version>
    <glassfish-el.version>3.0.3</glassfish-el.version>
</properties>
 <dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.activemq</groupId>
        <artifactId>activemq-amqp</artifactId>
        <version>${activemq.version}</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.activemq</groupId>
        <artifactId>activemq-blueprint</artifactId>
        <version>${activemq.version}</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.activemq</groupId>
        <artifactId>activemq-broker</artifactId>
        <version>${activemq.version}</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.activemq</groupId>
        <artifactId>activemq-camel</artifactId>
        <version>${activemq.version}</version>
      </dependency>
   </dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>

这里仅截取了部分，在这里我们发现，spring-boot-dependencies管理着spring-boot-starter里面的所有依赖和对应的版本，所以我们在pom.xml中引入的依赖都没有输版本，默认是由这个spring-boot-dependencies提供版本号信息。比如：

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

这里的pom.xml里的几个依赖都没提供版本号，就是使用spring-boot-dependencies里的信息。

我们回到spring-boot-starter-paernt的分析。在这里，我们看到了熟悉的资源过滤：

  <build>
    <resources>