The Seven Percent Solution Java

Problem Description
Uniform Resource Identifiers (or URIs) are strings like http://icpc.baylor.edu/icpc/, mailto:foo@bar.org, ftp://127.0.0.1/pub/linux, or even just readme.txt that are used to identify a resource, usually on the Internet or a local computer. Certain characters are reserved within URIs, and if a reserved character is part of an identifier then it must be percent-encoded by replacing it with a percent sign followed by two hexadecimal digits representing the ASCII code of the character. A table of seven reserved characters and their encodings is shown below. Your job is to write a program that can percent-encode a string of characters.

Character Encoding
" " (space) %20
“!” (exclamation point) %21
“$” (dollar sign) %24
“%” (percent sign) %25
“(” (left parenthesis) %28
“)” (right parenthesis) %29
“*” (asterisk) %2a
Output
For each input string, replace every occurrence of a reserved character in the table above by its percent-encoding, exactly as shown, and output the resulting string on a line by itself. Note that the percent-encoding for an asterisk is %2a (with a lowercase “a”) rather than %2A (with an uppercase “A”).
Sample Input
Happy Joy Joy!
http://icpc.baylor.edu/icpc/
plain_vanilla
(**)
?
the 7% solution

Sample Output
Happy%20Joy%20Joy%21
http://icpc.baylor.edu/icpc/
plain_vanilla
%28%2a%2a%29
?
the%207%25%20solution

解读

输入字符串，字符串中的某字符转成带%的形式。

• " " （空格）------> %20
• “!” ------> %21
• “$” ------> %24
• “%” ------> %25
• “(” ------> %28
• “)” ------> %29
• “*” ------> %2a

思路

将输入字符串转成字符数组用toCharArray()，遍历数组，匹配字符，需要改变即改变，不变打印原数组元素。当输入字符串为“#”，退出程序。
nextLine()能读取空格，next()不可。

import java.util.*;
public class Replace {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner s=new Scanner(System.in);
        while(true){
            String str=s.nextLine();
            if(str.equals("#")) break;//输入#时，退出
            char[] chars=str.toCharArray();//字符串转成字符数组
            int n=str.length();
            for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
                switch (chars[i]){
                    case ' ':
                        System.out.print("%20");
                        continue;
                    case '!':
                        System.out.print("%21");
                        continue;
                    case '$':
                        System.out.print("%24");
                        continue;
                    case '%':
                        System.out.print("%25");
                        continue;
                    case '(':
                        System.out.print("%28");
                        continue;
                    case ')':
                        System.out.print("%29");
                        continue;
                    case '*':
                        System.out.print("%2a");
                        continue;
                    default:
                        System.out.print(chars[i]);
                }
            }
            System.out.println();
        }
    }
}