Java学习笔记 8-1 MyBatis

mybatis

1. MyBatis数据框架介绍

MyBatis是一个半自动的ORM持久层框架，需要提供包含SQL、映射规则、POJO的映射文件。

MyBatis的基本构成

• SqlSessionFactoryBuilder：根据配置信息来生成工厂接口SqlSesionFactory
• SqlSesionFactory：依靠工厂来生成SqlSession会话
• SqlSession：可以发送SQL去执行并返回结果，也可以获取Mapper的接口
• SQL Mapper：给出对应的SQL和映射规则，发送SQL去执行并返回结果

2. MyBatis全局配置文件

mybatis全局配置文件的标签结构：

<!-- 配置 -->
<configuration>
    <!-- 属性 -->
    <properties></properties>
    <!-- 设置 -->
    <settings>
        <setting name="" value=""/>
    </settings>
    <!-- 类型别名 -->
    <typeAliases></typeAliases>
    <!-- 类型处理器 -->
    <typeHandlers></typeHandlers>
    <!-- 对象工厂 -->
    <objectFactory type=""></objectFactory>
    <!-- 插件 -->
    <plugins>
        <plugin interceptor=""></plugin>
    </plugins>
    <!-- 环境配置 -->
    <environments default="">
        <!-- 环境变量 -->
        <environment id="">
            <!-- 事务管理 -->
            <transactionManager type=""></transactionManager>
            <!-- 数据源 -->
            <dataSource type=""></dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
    <!-- 数据库厂商标识 -->
    <databaseIdProvider type=""></databaseIdProvider>
    <!-- 映射器 -->
    <mappers></mappers>
</configuration>

• properties：用于引入外部properties配置文件信息
• settings：对mybatis运行时的行为进行设置，如是否开启缓存、延迟加载等
• typeAliases：用于为java类设置别称
• typeHandlers：将预处理语句的参数或结果集转换成java类
• objectFactory：将查询的结果分装到对应的对象中
• plugins：配置插件
• environments：配置多个数据源信息
• environment：配置一个具体的数据源信息
• transactionManager：配置事务管理器
• dataSource：配置具体的数据库连接信息
• databaseIdProvider：支持的数据库类型
• mappers：要扫描的sql映射

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD com.Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <properties resource="jdbc.properties"/>
    <settings>
        <!-- 设置等待数据库响应秒数 -->
        <setting name="defaultStatementTimeout" value="5"/>
    </settings>
    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="${driver}"/>
                <property name="url" value="${url}"/>
                <property name="username" value="${user}"/>
                <property name="password" value="${password}"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="com.mybatis.demo.mapper.UserMapper.xml"/>
        <!-- 批量注册 -->
        <package name="com.mybatis.demo.mapper"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

3. Mapper映射文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD com.Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.mybatis.demo.mapper.UserMapper">
    <select id="selectUser" parameterType="String" resultType="com.mybatis.demo.pojo.User" databaseId="mysql">
        select * from user where id = #{id}
    </select>
</mapper>

MyBatis实现简单的用户管理系统，有新增用户、更新用户、删除用户、查询用户的功能。

创建maven项目，导入springboot和mybatis相关依赖：

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
			<version>2.2.2</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>mysql</groupId>
			<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
			<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
			<version>1.1.23</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
			<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
			<scope>runtime</scope>
			<optional>true</optional>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

编辑application.yml配置文件：

server:
  port: 8080
spring:
  datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/JDBCTest01?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=GMT
    username: root
    password: 123456

mybatis:
  type-aliases-package: com.demo.springbootmybatis.pojo
  mapper-locations: classpath:/mapper/*.xml

logging:
  file:
    name: log/log.log
  level:
    root: info
    com.demo.springbootmybatis: debug

新增pojo类：

package com.demo.springbootmybatis.pojo;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class User {
    String name;
    String id;
    int age;
}

编写DAO接口：

package com.demo.springbootmybatis.dao;

import com.demo.springbootmybatis.pojo.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

@Mapper
@Repository
public interface UserDao {

    void insertUser(User user);

    void updateUser(User user);

    User selectUser(String id);

    void deleteUser(String id);
}

编写Service接口：

package com.demo.springbootmybatis.service;

import com.demo.springbootmybatis.pojo.User;

public interface UserService {

    void insertUser(User user);

    void updateUser(User user);

    User selectUser(String id);

    void deleteUser(String id);
}

编写UserMapper.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<mapper namespace="com.demo.springbootmybatis.dao.UserDao">
    <select id="selectUser" parameterType="String" resultType="com.demo.springbootmybatis.pojo.User">
        select * from user where id = #{id}
    </select>

    <insert id="insertUser" parameterType="com.demo.springbootmybatis.pojo.User">
        insert into user values (#{name}, #{id}, #{age})
    </insert>

    <update id="updateUser" parameterType="com.demo.springbootmybatis.pojo.User">
        update user set name = #{name} , age = #{age} where id = #{id}
    </update>

    <delete id="deleteUser" parameterType="com.demo.springbootmybatis.pojo.User">
        delete from user where id = #{id}
    </delete>
</mapper>

Service实现类：

package com.demo.springbootmybatis.service.impl;

import com.demo.springbootmybatis.dao.UserDao;
import com.demo.springbootmybatis.pojo.User;
import com.demo.springbootmybatis.service.UserService;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

@Slf4j
@Service
@Transactional
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
    @Autowired
    private UserDao userDao;

    @Override
    public void insertUser(User user) {
        userDao.insertUser(user);
        log.info("新增了用户{}", user);
    }

    @Override
    public void updateUser(User user) {
        userDao.updateUser(user);
        log.info("更新了用户{}", user);
    }

    @Override
    public User selectUser(String id) {
        User user = userDao.selectUser(id);
        log.info("查询结果：{}", user);
        return user;
    }

    @Override
    public void deleteUser(String id) {
        userDao.deleteUser(id);
        log.info("删除id为{}的用户成功", id);
    }
}

编写控制层：

package com.demo.springbootmybatis.controller;

import com.demo.springbootmybatis.pojo.User;
import com.demo.springbootmybatis.service.UserService;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@Slf4j
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;

    @RequestMapping("/insert")
    public String insertUser(String name, String id, int age) {
        User user = new User(name, id, age);
        log.info("即将插入新用户{}", user);
        userService.insertUser(user);
        return "新增用户成功！";
    }
    // http://localhost:8080/user/insert?name=Dinasour&id=111&age=22222

    @RequestMapping("/update")
    public String updateUser(String name, String id, int age) {
        User user = new User(name, id, age);
        log.info("即将更新id为{}的用户", id);
        userService.updateUser(user);
        return "更新用户成功！";
    }
    // http://localhost:8080/user/update?name=Pig&id=111&age=3

    @RequestMapping("/select")
    public String selectUser(String id) {
        log.info("即将查找id{}", id);
        User user = userService.selectUser(id);
        if(user == null) {
            return "没有符合条件的用户！";
        }
        return user.toString();
    }
    // http://localhost:8080/user/select?id=111

    @RequestMapping("/delete")
    public String deleteUser(String id) {
        log.info("即将删除id{}", id);
        userService.deleteUser(id);
        return "删除用户成功！";
    }
    // http://localhost:8080/user/delete?id=111
}