六、Map中定义的方法
添加、删除、修改操作:
Object put(Object key,Object value):将指定key-value添加到(或修改)当前map对象中
void putAll(Map m):将m中的所有key-value对存放到当前map中
Object remove(Object key):移除指定key的key-value对,并返回value
void clear():清空当前map中的所有数据
@Test
public void test16() {
Map map = new HashMap();
// 添加
map.put("AA",123);
map.put(45,123);
map.put("BB",56);
// 修改
map.put("AA",87);
System.out.println(map);
Map map1 = new HashMap();
map1.put("CC",123);
map1.put("DD",123);
map.putAll(map1);
System.out.println(map);
// remove(Object key)
Object value = map.remove("CCC");
System.out.println(value);
System.out.println(map);
// clear()
map.clear(); // 与 map = null 操作不同
System.out.println(map.size());
System.out.println(map);
}
元素查询的操作:
Object get(Object key):获取指定key对应的value
boolean containsKey(Object key):是否包含指定的key
boolean containsValue(Object value):是否包含指定的value
int size():返回map中key-value对的个数
boolean isEmpty():判断当前map是否为空
boolean equals(Object obj):判断当前map和参数对象obj是否相等
@Test
public void test21() {
Map map = new HashMap();
map.put("AA",123);
map.put(45,123);
map.put("BB",56);
// Object get(Object key)
System.out.println(map.get(45));
// containsKey(Object key)
boolean isExist = map.containsKey("BB");
System.out.println(isExist);
isExist = map.containsValue(123);
System.out.println(isExist);
map.clear();
System.out.println(map.isEmpty());
}
元视图操作的方法:
Set keySet():返回所有key构成的Set集合
Collection values():返回所有value构成的Collection集合
Set entrySet():返回所有key-value对构成的Set集合
@Test
public void test20() {
Map map = new HashMap();
map.put("AA",123);
map.put(45,1234);
map.put("BB",56);
// 遍历所有的key集:keySet()
Set set = map.keySet();
Iterator iterator = set.iterator();
while(iterator.hasNext()) {
System.out.println(iterator.next());
}
System.out.println();
// 遍历所有的value集:values()
Collection values = map.values();
for(Object obj : values) {
System.out.println(obj);
}
System.out.println();
// 遍历所有的key-value
// 方式一:entrySet()
Set entrySet = map.entrySet();
Iterator iterator1 = entrySet.iterator();
while(iterator1.hasNext()) {
Object obj = iterator1.next();
// entrySet集合中的元素都是entry
Map.Entry entry = (Map.Entry) obj;
System.out.println(entry.getKey() + "--->" + entry.getValue());
}
System.out.println();
//方式二:
Set keySet = map.keySet();
Iterator iterator2 = keySet.iterator();
while(iterator2.hasNext()) {
Object key = iterator2.next();
Object value = map.get(key);
System.out.println(key + "=====" + value);
}
}
总结:常用方法:
添加:put(Object key , Object value)
删除:remove((Object key))
修改:put(Object key , Object value)
查询:get(Object key)
长度:size()
遍历:keySet() / values() / entrySet()
七、TreeMap
向TreeMap中添加key-value,要求key必须是由同一个类创建的对象
因为要按照key进行排序:自然排序、定制排序
自然排序
@Test
public void test5() {
TreeMap map = new TreeMap();
User u1 = new User("Tom", 23);
User u2 = new User("Jerry", 32);
User u3 = new User("Kevin", 24);
User u4 = new User("Rose", 18);
map.put(u1,98);
map.put(u2,89);
map.put(u3,76);
map.put(u4,100);
Iterator iterator = map.entrySet().iterator();
while(iterator.hasNext()) {
System.out.println(iterator.next());
}
}
User.java
import java.util.Objects;
public class User implements Comparable{
private String name;
private int age;
//按照姓名从大到小排列,年龄从小到大排列
@Override
public int compareTo(Object o) {
if(o instanceof User) {
User user = (User)o;
// return -this.name.compareTo(user.name);
int compare = -this.name.compareTo(user.name);
if(compare != 0) {
return compare;
} else {
return Integer.compare(this.age,user.age);
}
} else {
throw new RuntimeException("输入的类型不匹配");
}
}
public User(String name, int age) {
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
}
public User() {
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"name='" + name + '\'' +
", age=" + age +
'}';
}
@Override
public boolean equals(Object o) {
System.out.println("User ...");
if (this == o) return true;
if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;
User user = (User) o;
return age == user.age && Objects.equals(name, user.name);
}
@Override
public int hashCode() {
return Objects.hash(name, age);
}
}
定制排序
@Test
public void test29() {
TreeMap map = new TreeMap(new Comparator() {
public int compare(Object o1,Object o2) {
if(o1 instanceof User && o2 instanceof User) {
User u1 = (User) o1;
User u2 = (User) o2;
return Integer.compare(u1.getAge(),u2.getAge());
}
throw new RuntimeException("类型不匹配");
}
});
User u1 = new User("Tom", 23);
User u2 = new User("Jerry", 32);
User u3 = new User("Kevin", 24);
User u4 = new User("Rose", 18);
map.put(u1,98);
map.put(u2,89);
map.put(u3,76);
map.put(u4,100);
Iterator iterator = map.entrySet().iterator();
while(iterator.hasNext()) {
System.out.println(iterator.next());
}
}
八、Properties
常用来处理配置文件。key和value都是String类型
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Properties;
public class PropertiesTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
FileInputStream fis = null;
try {
Properties pros = new Properties();
fis = new FileInputStream("jdbc.properties");
pros.load(fis);
String name = pros.getProperty("name");
String age = pros.getProperty("age");
System.out.println("name = " + name + " , age = " + age);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if(fis != null) {
try {
fis.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}