集合Map接口（2）

六、Map中定义的方法

添加、删除、修改操作：

Object put(Object key,Object value)：将指定key-value添加到(或修改)当前map对象中

void putAll(Map m)：将m中的所有key-value对存放到当前map中

Object remove(Object key)：移除指定key的key-value对，并返回value

void clear()：清空当前map中的所有数据

@Test
public void test16() {
    Map map = new HashMap();
    // 添加
    map.put("AA",123);
    map.put(45,123);
    map.put("BB",56);
    // 修改
    map.put("AA",87);
    System.out.println(map);
    Map map1 = new HashMap();
    map1.put("CC",123);
    map1.put("DD",123);
    map.putAll(map1);
    System.out.println(map);
    // remove(Object key)
    Object value = map.remove("CCC");
    System.out.println(value);
    System.out.println(map);
    // clear()
    map.clear(); // 与 map = null 操作不同
    System.out.println(map.size());
    System.out.println(map);
}

元素查询的操作：

Object get(Object key)：获取指定key对应的value

boolean containsKey(Object key)：是否包含指定的key

boolean containsValue(Object value)：是否包含指定的value

int size()：返回map中key-value对的个数

boolean isEmpty()：判断当前map是否为空

boolean equals(Object obj)：判断当前map和参数对象obj是否相等

@Test
public void test21() {
    Map map = new HashMap();
    map.put("AA",123);
    map.put(45,123);
    map.put("BB",56);
    // Object get(Object key)
    System.out.println(map.get(45));
    // containsKey(Object key)
    boolean isExist = map.containsKey("BB");
    System.out.println(isExist);
    isExist = map.containsValue(123);
    System.out.println(isExist);
    map.clear();
    System.out.println(map.isEmpty());
}

元视图操作的方法：

Set keySet()：返回所有key构成的Set集合

Collection values()：返回所有value构成的Collection集合

Set entrySet()：返回所有key-value对构成的Set集合

@Test
    public void test20() {
        Map map = new HashMap();
        map.put("AA",123);
        map.put(45,1234);
        map.put("BB",56);
        // 遍历所有的key集：keySet()
        Set set = map.keySet();
        Iterator iterator = set.iterator();
        while(iterator.hasNext()) {
            System.out.println(iterator.next());
        }
        System.out.println();
        // 遍历所有的value集：values()
        Collection values = map.values();
        for(Object obj : values) {
            System.out.println(obj);
        }
        System.out.println();
        // 遍历所有的key-value
        // 方式一：entrySet()
        Set entrySet = map.entrySet();
        Iterator iterator1 = entrySet.iterator();
        while(iterator1.hasNext()) {
            Object obj = iterator1.next();
            // entrySet集合中的元素都是entry
            Map.Entry entry = (Map.Entry) obj;
            System.out.println(entry.getKey() + "--->" + entry.getValue());
        }
        System.out.println();
        //方式二：
        Set keySet = map.keySet();
        Iterator iterator2 = keySet.iterator();
        while(iterator2.hasNext()) {
            Object key = iterator2.next();
            Object value = map.get(key);
            System.out.println(key + "=====" + value);
        }
    }

总结：常用方法：

添加：put(Object key , Object value)

删除：remove((Object key))

修改：put(Object key , Object value)

查询：get(Object key)

长度：size()

遍历：keySet() / values() / entrySet()

七、TreeMap

向TreeMap中添加key-value，要求key必须是由同一个类创建的对象

因为要按照key进行排序：自然排序、定制排序

自然排序

@Test
public void test5() {
    TreeMap map = new TreeMap();
    User u1 = new User("Tom", 23);
    User u2 = new User("Jerry", 32);
    User u3 = new User("Kevin", 24);
    User u4 = new User("Rose", 18);
    map.put(u1,98);
    map.put(u2,89);
    map.put(u3,76);
    map.put(u4,100);
    Iterator iterator = map.entrySet().iterator();
    while(iterator.hasNext()) {
        System.out.println(iterator.next());
    }
}

User.java

import java.util.Objects;
public class User implements Comparable{
    private String name;
    private int age;

    //按照姓名从大到小排列，年龄从小到大排列
    @Override
    public int compareTo(Object o) {
        if(o instanceof User) {
            User user = (User)o;
//            return -this.name.compareTo(user.name);
            int compare = -this.name.compareTo(user.name);
            if(compare != 0) {
                return compare;
            } else {
                return Integer.compare(this.age,user.age);
            }
        } else {
            throw new RuntimeException("输入的类型不匹配");
        }
    }
    public User(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }
    public User() {
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }
    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }
    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object o) {
        System.out.println("User ...");
        if (this == o) return true;
        if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;
        User user = (User) o;
        return age == user.age && Objects.equals(name, user.name);
    }
    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        return Objects.hash(name, age);
    }
}

定制排序

@Test
public void test29() {
    TreeMap map = new TreeMap(new Comparator() {
        public int compare(Object o1,Object o2) {
            if(o1 instanceof User && o2 instanceof User) {
                User u1 = (User) o1;
                User u2 = (User) o2;
                return Integer.compare(u1.getAge(),u2.getAge());
            }
            throw new RuntimeException("类型不匹配");
        }
    });
    User u1 = new User("Tom", 23);
    User u2 = new User("Jerry", 32);
    User u3 = new User("Kevin", 24);
    User u4 = new User("Rose", 18);
    map.put(u1,98);
    map.put(u2,89);
    map.put(u3,76);
    map.put(u4,100);
    Iterator iterator = map.entrySet().iterator();
    while(iterator.hasNext()) {
        System.out.println(iterator.next());
    }
}

八、Properties

常用来处理配置文件。key和value都是String类型

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Properties;
public class PropertiesTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        FileInputStream fis = null;
        try {
            Properties pros = new Properties();
            fis = new FileInputStream("jdbc.properties");
            pros.load(fis);
            String name = pros.getProperty("name");
            String age = pros.getProperty("age");
            System.out.println("name = " + name + " , age = " + age);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if(fis != null) {
                try {
                    fis.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }
}