网络编程学习笔记（2）

UDP协议的网络编程

发送端

@Test
public void sender() throws IOException {
    DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket();
    String str = "我是UDP方式发送的导弹";
    byte[] data = str.getBytes();
    InetAddress inet = InetAddress.getLocalHost();
    DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(data, 0, data.length, inet, 9090);
    socket.send(packet);
    socket.close();
}

接收端

@Test
public void receiver() throws IOException {
    DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(9090);
    byte[] buffer =  new byte[100];
    DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(buffer,0,buffer.length);
    socket.receive(packet);
    System.out.println(new String(packet.getData(),0, packet.getLength()));
    socket.close();
}

URL网络编程（Uniform Resource Locator）

1. URL：统一资源定位符，对应着互联网的某一资源地址

2. 格式：

   http://localhost:8080/examples/beauty.jpg?username=Tom

   协议 主机名 端口号 资源地址 参数列表

URL类常用方法

方法名	作用
public String getProtocol()	获取该URL的协议名
public String getHost()	获取该URL的主机名
public String getPort()	获取该URL的端口号
public String getPath()	获取该URL的文件路径
public String getFile()	获取该URL的文件名
public String getQuery()	获取该URL的查询名

package com.atguigu.java1;

import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;

public class URLTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            URL url = new URL("http://localhost:8080/examples/beauty.jpg?username=Kevin");
            // public String getProtocol() 获取该URL的协议名
            System.out.println(url.getProtocol());
            // public String getHost() 获取该URL的主机名
            System.out.println(url.getHost());
            // public String getPort() 获取该URL的端口号
            System.out.println(url.getPort());
            // public String getPath() 获取该URL的文件路径
            System.out.println(url.getPath());
            // public String getFile() 获取该URL的文件名
            System.out.println(url.getFile());
            // public String getQuery() 获取该URL的查询名
            System.out.println(url.getQuery());
        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
}

URL实现数据下载

package com.atguigu.java1;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;

public class URLTest1 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        HttpURLConnection urlConnection = null;
        InputStream is = null;
        FileOutputStream fos = null;
        try {
            URL url = new URL("http://localhost:8080/examples/beauty.jpg");
            urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            urlConnection.connect();
            is = urlConnection.getInputStream();
            fos = new FileOutputStream("day10/beauty1.jpg");
            byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
            int len;
            while((len = is.read(buffer)) != -1) {
                fos.write(buffer,0,len);
            }
            System.out.println("下载完成");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if(fos != null) {
                try {
                    fos.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if(is != null) {
                try {
                    is.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if(urlConnection != null) {
                urlConnection.disconnect();
            }
        }
    }
}