Linux系统下安装mysql（rpm离线安装、二进制安装、源码安装以及docker安装）

二进制安装

文件传输

安装并初始化mysql
tar -xvf mysql-5.7.14-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
mv mysql-5.7.14-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

mkdir data
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/ #目录修改用户权限
cd mysql/bin/
./mysqld --user=mysql --initialize --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
vim /etc/my.cnf
~
[mysqld]
skip-grant-tables #mysql不需要密码
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
port=3306
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.pid
socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
default_authentication_plugin =mysql_native_password
~
cd /usr/local/mysql/
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql #添加可执行操作
chkconfig --add mysql #配置开机自己启动
chkconfig --list #查看是否配置成功

配置环境变量
vim /etc/profile
~
export PATW=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib
~
source /etc/profile
systemctl restart mysql

rpm离线安装

将mysql rpm-bundle.tar文件传输到linux系统之中
在/usr/local/下创建mysql目录
cd /usr/local/
mkdir mysql

将mysql移动到刚刚创建的目录中
mv mysql-8.0.21-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar /usr/local/mysql

解压它
tar -xf mysql-8.0.21-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

先安装mysql-community-common
rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.21-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

其次我们安装client libs，server，但我们发现安装这些需要依赖其他东西
利用yum分别安装他们
yum -y install net-tools*
yum -y install libcrypto.so.10
yum -y install libncurses.so.5
dnf install compat-openssl10
dnf install ncurses-compat-libs
执行安装
rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.21-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-client-8.0.21-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-libs-8.0.21-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
（整行）

重新启动服务
systemctl start mysqld
systemctl enable mysqld
systemctl is-active mysqld.service

登录并且修改root密码
mysql -u root -p
vim /var/log/mysqld.log
alter user root@localhost identified by ‘新密码’；

源码安装

首先将mysql的文件传输到linux系统之中（mysql-boost-5.7.14.tar），mv到/usr/local/src/目录中（一定要移动到这个目录）

解压
tar -xf mysql-boost-5.7.14.tar
安装必要的开发工具和开发包
yum install -y cmake gcc-c++* make ncurses-devel
yum install libaio libaio-devel openssl-devel -y
yum install perl-Data-Dumper -y
yum install net-tools vim -y

（安装还蛮久 大概率看网速）

创建组和用户
groupadd -r -g 306 mysql
useradd -g 306 -r -u 306 mysql

执行一段长代码
cd mysql-5.7.14/
cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data -DMYSQL-USER=mysql -DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 -DWITH_BOOST=./boost
安装开始
虚拟机安装时建议多核
make -j 4 && make install

alter many minutes

初始化
chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/
cd /usr/local/mysql/
\cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
vim /etc/my.cnf
在[mysqld]下一行加
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
编写开机自启的环境变量
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
chkconfig --add mysqld
chkconfig mysqld on
vim /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
写export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
启动服务
systemctl start mysqld
登录修改密码
mysql -uroot -p
alter user root@localhost identified by ‘新密码’；

docker安装

1、安装必要的工具
sudo yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
2、添加软件源信息
yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
3、安装版本
yum install -y docker-ce
4、启动dockers
systemctl start docker.service
5、安装mysql
docker pull mysql:latest
6、检测是否安装
docker images
7、创建mysql容器
mkdir -p /root/mysql/data /root/mysql/logs /root/mysql/conf
cd /root/mysql/conf
touch my.cnf
docker run -p 3306:3306 --name mysql -v /root/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d -v /root/mysql/logs:/logs -v /root/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root -d mysql:5.7
8、启动
docker start mysql