Keras 高层API

Keras.Metrics

Step 1. Build a meter

Step 2. Update data

Step 3. Get Average data

 Clear buffer

import  tensorflow as tf
from    tensorflow.keras import datasets, layers, optimizers, Sequential, metrics


def preprocess(x, y):

    x = tf.cast(x, dtype=tf.float32) / 255.
    y = tf.cast(y, dtype=tf.int32)

    return x, y


batchsz = 128
(x, y), (x_val, y_val) = datasets.mnist.load_data()
print('datasets:', x.shape, y.shape, x.min(), x.max())



db = tf.data.Dataset.from_tensor_slices((x,y))
db = db.map(preprocess).shuffle(60000).batch(batchsz).repeat(10)

ds_val = tf.data.Dataset.from_tensor_slices((x_val, y_val))
ds_val = ds_val.map(preprocess).batch(batchsz) 




network = Sequential([layers.Dense(256, activation='relu'),
                     layers.Dense(128, activation='relu'),
                     layers.Dense(64, activation='relu'),
                     layers.Dense(32, activation='relu'),
                     layers.Dense(10)])
network.build(input_shape=(None, 28*28))
network.summary()

optimizer = optimizers.Adam(lr=0.01)

acc_meter = metrics.Accuracy()
loss_meter = metrics.Mean()


for step, (x, y) in enumerate(db):

    with tf.GradientTape() as tape:
        # [b, 28, 28] => [b, 784]
        x = tf.reshape(x, (-1, 28*28))
        # [b, 784] => [b, 10]
        out = network(x)
        # [b] => [b, 10]
        y_onehot = tf.one_hot(y, depth=10) 
        # [b]
        loss = tf.reduce_mean(tf.losses.categorical_crossentropy(y_onehot, out, from_logits=True))

        loss_meter.update_state(loss)

 

    grads = tape.gradient(loss, network.trainable_variables)
    optimizer.apply_gradients(zip(grads, network.trainable_variables))


    if step % 100 == 0:

        print(step, 'loss:', loss_meter.result().numpy()) 
        loss_meter.reset_states()


    # evaluate
    if step % 500 == 0:
        total, total_correct = 0., 0
        acc_meter.reset_states()

        for step, (x, y) in enumerate(ds_val): 
            # [b, 28, 28] => [b, 784]
            x = tf.reshape(x, (-1, 28*28))
            # [b, 784] => [b, 10]
            out = network(x) 


            # [b, 10] => [b] 
            pred = tf.argmax(out, axis=1) 
            pred = tf.cast(pred, dtype=tf.int32)
            # bool type 
            correct = tf.equal(pred, y)
            # bool tensor => int tensor => numpy
            total_correct += tf.reduce_sum(tf.cast(correct, dtype=tf.int32)).numpy()
            total += x.shape[0]

            acc_meter.update_state(y, pred)


        print(step, 'Evaluate Acc:', total_correct/total, acc_meter.result().numpy())

 Compile & Fit

 

 

 

 

 

 自定义网络

 

Layer是创建一个层，而Model是创建整个模型，因此建“层”在前，建“Model”在后 

使用Keras.layers.Layer  和  Keras.Model 之后就舍弃了之前创建神经网络的方式，变成以下的形式：

 

import  tensorflow as tf
from    tensorflow.keras import datasets, layers, optimizers, Sequential, metrics
from 	tensorflow import keras

def preprocess(x, y):
    """
    x is a simple image, not a batch
    """
    x = tf.cast(x, dtype=tf.float32) / 255.
    x = tf.reshape(x, [28*28])
    y = tf.cast(y, dtype=tf.int32)
    y = tf.one_hot(y, depth=10)
    return x,y


batchsz = 128
(x, y), (x_val, y_val) = datasets.mnist.load_data()
print('datasets:', x.shape, y.shape, x.min(), x.max())



db = tf.data.Dataset.from_tensor_slices((x,y))
db = db.map(preprocess).shuffle(60000).batch(batchsz)
ds_val = tf.data.Dataset.from_tensor_slices((x_val, y_val))
ds_val = ds_val.map(preprocess).batch(batchsz) 

sample = next(iter(db))
print(sample[0].shape, sample[1].shape)


# 下面创建的类代替了这里的模型构建，
# 但是这种模型构建后可以通过.summary()方法可视化模型的结构
# network = Sequential([layers.Dense(256, activation='relu'),
#                      layers.Dense(128, activation='relu'),
#                      layers.Dense(64, activation='relu'),
#                      layers.Dense(32, activation='relu'),
#                      layers.Dense(10)])
# network.build(input_shape=(None, 28*28))
# network.summary()


class MyDense(layers.Layer):

	def __init__(self, inp_dim, outp_dim):
		super(MyDense, self).__init__()

		self.kernel = self.add_variable('w', [inp_dim, outp_dim])
		self.bias = self.add_variable('b', [outp_dim])

	def call(self, inputs, training=None):

		out = inputs @ self.kernel + self.bias

		return out 

class MyModel(keras.Model):

	def __init__(self):
		super(MyModel, self).__init__()

		self.fc1 = MyDense(28*28, 256)
		self.fc2 = MyDense(256, 128)
		self.fc3 = MyDense(128, 64)
		self.fc4 = MyDense(64, 32)
		self.fc5 = MyDense(32, 10)

	def call(self, inputs, training=None):

		x = self.fc1(inputs)
		x = tf.nn.relu(x)
		x = self.fc2(x)
		x = tf.nn.relu(x)
		x = self.fc3(x)
		x = tf.nn.relu(x)
		x = self.fc4(x)
		x = tf.nn.relu(x)
		x = self.fc5(x) 

		return x


network = MyModel()


network.compile(optimizer=optimizers.Adam(lr=0.01),
		loss=tf.losses.CategoricalCrossentropy(from_logits=True),
		metrics=['accuracy']
	)

network.fit(db, epochs=5, validation_data=ds_val,
              validation_freq=2)
 
network.evaluate(ds_val)

sample = next(iter(ds_val))
x = sample[0]
y = sample[1] # one-hot
pred = network.predict(x) # [b, 10]
# convert back to number 
y = tf.argmax(y, axis=1)
pred = tf.argmax(pred, axis=1)

print(pred)
print(y)