QT--崩溃原因分析

本文为学习记录，若有错误，请联系作者，谦虚受教。

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前言

你从来来去自由，若你不想要了跑开便是。

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一、目的

发布的客户版本里分析崩溃原因，便于解决问题。

二、实现步骤

1 add2line.exe

在自己QT安装的目录下，例如：D:\Qt\Qt5.12.3\Tools\mingw730_32\bin，找到adde2line.exe。

将add2line.exe复制到自己发布的版本中。

2 分析文件

在代码里添加一个类和发布版本所在文件夹里添加addr2line.exe，后续程序崩溃后，会在工程文件中，代码生成一个MyApp文件夹，里面包含一个crash文件

3 crash文件

打开crash文件，找到自己addr。

打开QT的cmd，进入自己发布版本的路径。例如
1、cd D:\TEST\1QTTEST\Thermopile_HM\32X32\Client\V1.0.1Client\release
2、addr2line.exe -f -e 软件文件名 crash崩溃地址 （提示：中间要空格）
3、提示错误信息

三、相关代码

1 pro文件

在pro文件添加以下代码：

QMAKE_CFLAGS_RELEASE += -g
QMAKE_CXXFLAGS_RELEASE += -g
QMAKE_CFLAGS_RELEASE -= -O2
QMAKE_CXXFLAGS_RELEASE -= -O2
QMAKE_LFLAGS_RELEASE = -mthreads -W

2.ccrashstack.h

#ifndef CCRASHSTACK_H
#define CCRASHSTACK_H
#include <windows.h>
#include <QString>

class ccrashstack
{
private:
    PEXCEPTION_POINTERS m_pException;
private:
    QString GetModuleByRetAddr(PBYTE Ret_Addr, PBYTE & Module_Addr);
    QString GetCallStack(PEXCEPTION_POINTERS pException);
    QString GetVersionStr();
    bool GetHardwareInaformation(QString &graphics_card, QString &sound_deivce);
public:
    ccrashstack(PEXCEPTION_POINTERS pException);
    QString GetExceptionInfo();
};

#endif // CCRASHSTACK_H

3.ccrashstack.cpp

#include "ccrashstack.h"
#include <tlhelp32.h>
#include <stdio.h>

#define _WIN32_DCOM
#include <comdef.h>
#include <Wbemidl.h>

//#include<base/constants.h>
#include "qdebug.h"

ccrashstack::ccrashstack(PEXCEPTION_POINTERS pException)
{
    m_pException = pException;
}


QString ccrashstack::GetModuleByRetAddr(PBYTE Ret_Addr, PBYTE & Module_Addr)
{
    MODULEENTRY32   M = {sizeof(M)};
    HANDLE  hSnapshot;

    wchar_t Module_Name[MAX_PATH] = {0};

    hSnapshot = CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(TH32CS_SNAPMODULE, 0);

    if ((hSnapshot != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) &&
            Module32First(hSnapshot, &M))
    {
            do
            {
                    if (DWORD(Ret_Addr - M.modBaseAddr) < M.modBaseSize)
                    {
                            lstrcpyn(Module_Name, M.szExePath, MAX_PATH);
                            Module_Addr = M.modBaseAddr;
                            break;
                    }
            } while (Module32Next(hSnapshot, &M));
    }

    CloseHandle(hSnapshot);

    QString sRet = QString::fromWCharArray(Module_Name);
    return sRet;
}

QString ccrashstack::GetCallStack(PEXCEPTION_POINTERS pException)
{
        PBYTE   Module_Addr_1;
        char bufer[256]={0};
        QString sRet;

        typedef struct STACK
        {
                STACK * Ebp;
                PBYTE   Ret_Addr;
                DWORD   Param[0];
        } STACK, * PSTACK;

        STACK   Stack = {0, 0};
        PSTACK  Ebp;

        if (pException)     //fake frame for exception address
        {
                Stack.Ebp = (PSTACK)pException->ContextRecord->Ebp;
                Stack.Ret_Addr = (PBYTE)pException->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionAddress;
                Ebp = &Stack;
        }
        else
        {
                Ebp = (PSTACK)&pException - 1;  //frame addr of Get_Call_Stack()

                // Skip frame of Get_Call_Stack().
                if (!IsBadReadPtr(Ebp, sizeof(PSTACK)))
                        Ebp = Ebp->Ebp;     //caller ebp
        }

        // Break trace on wrong stack frame.
        for (; !IsBadReadPtr(Ebp, sizeof(PSTACK)) && !IsBadCodePtr(FARPROC(Ebp->Ret_Addr));
                 Ebp = Ebp->Ebp)
        {
            // If module with Ebp->Ret_Addr found.
            memset(bufer,0, sizeof(0));
            sprintf(bufer, "\n%08X  ", (unsigned int)Ebp->Ret_Addr);
            sRet.append(bufer);

            QString moduleName = this->GetModuleByRetAddr(Ebp->Ret_Addr, Module_Addr_1) ;
            if (moduleName.length() > 0)
            {
                sRet.append(moduleName);
            }

        }

        return sRet;
} //Get_Call_Stack

QString ccrashstack::GetVersionStr()
{
        OSVERSIONINFOEX V = {sizeof(OSVERSIONINFOEX)};  //EX for NT 5.0 and later

        if (!GetVersionEx((POSVERSIONINFO)&V))
        {
                ZeroMemory(&V, sizeof(V));
                V.dwOSVersionInfoSize = sizeof(OSVERSIONINFO);
                GetVersionEx((POSVERSIONINFO)&V);
        }

        if (V.dwPlatformId != VER_PLATFORM_WIN32_NT)
                V.dwBuildNumber = LOWORD(V.dwBuildNumber);  //for 9x HIWORD(dwBuildNumber) = 0x04xx

        QString sRet;
        sRet.append(QString("Windows:  %1.%2.%3, SP %4.%5, Product Type %6\n")
                .arg(V.dwMajorVersion).arg(V.dwMinorVersion).arg(V.dwBuildNumber)
                .arg(V.wServicePackMajor).arg(V.wServicePackMinor).arg(V.wProductType));

//        QString graphics_module = "GraphicsCard: ";
//        QString sound_module = "SoundDevice: ";
//        GetHardwareInaformation(graphics_module, sound_module);
//        sRet.append(graphics_module);
//        sRet.append(sound_module);

        return sRet;
}

QString ccrashstack::GetExceptionInfo()
{
        WCHAR       Module_Name[MAX_PATH];
        PBYTE       Module_Addr;

        QString sRet;
        char buffer[512]={0};

        QString sTmp = GetVersionStr();
        sRet.append(sTmp);
        sRet.append("Process:  ");

        GetModuleFileName(NULL, Module_Name, MAX_PATH);
        sRet.append(QString::fromWCharArray(Module_Name));
        sRet.append("\n");

        // If exception occurred.
        if (m_pException)
        {
                EXCEPTION_RECORD &  E = *m_pException->ExceptionRecord;
                CONTEXT &           C = *m_pException->ContextRecord;

                memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));
                sprintf(buffer, "Exception Addr:  %08X  ", (int)E.ExceptionAddress);
                sRet.append(buffer);
                // If module with E.ExceptionAddress found - save its path and date.
                QString module = GetModuleByRetAddr((PBYTE)E.ExceptionAddress, Module_Addr);
                if (module.length() > 0)
                {
                    sRet.append(" Module: ");

                    sRet.append(module);
                }

                memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));
                sprintf(buffer, "\nException Code:  %08X\n", (int)E.ExceptionCode);
                sRet.append(buffer);

                if (E.ExceptionCode == EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION)
                {
                        // Access violation type - Write/Read.
                    memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));
                    sprintf(buffer,"%s Address:  %08X\n",
                            (E.ExceptionInformation[0]) ? "Write" : "Read", (int)E.ExceptionInformation[1]);
                    sRet.append(buffer);
                }


                sRet.append("Instruction: ");
                for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++)
                {
                    memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));
                    sprintf(buffer, " %02X",  PBYTE(E.ExceptionAddress)[i]);
                    sRet.append(buffer);
                }

                sRet.append("\nRegisters: ");

                memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));
                sprintf(buffer, "\nEAX: %08X  EBX: %08X  ECX: %08X  EDX: %08X",  (unsigned int)C.Eax,(unsigned int) C.Ebx, (unsigned int)C.Ecx, (unsigned int)C.Edx);
                sRet.append(buffer);

                memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));
                sprintf(buffer, "\nESI: %08X  EDI: %08X  ESP: %08X  EBP: %08X", (unsigned int)C.Esi, (unsigned int)C.Edi, (unsigned int)C.Esp, (unsigned int)C.Ebp);
                sRet.append(buffer);

                memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));
                sprintf(buffer, "\nEIP: %08X  EFlags: %08X", (unsigned int)C.Eip,(unsigned int) C.EFlags);
                sRet.append(buffer);

        } //if (pException)

        sRet.append("\nCall Stack:");
        QString sCallstack = this->GetCallStack(m_pException);
        sRet.append(sCallstack);

        return sRet;
}

4.main.cpp

long __stdcall   callback(_EXCEPTION_POINTERS*   excp)
{
    ccrashstack crashStack(excp);
    QString sCrashInfo = crashStack.GetExceptionInfo();

//    TCHAR my_documents[MAX_PATH];
//    SHGetFolderPath(NULL, CSIDL_DESKTOP, NULL, SHGFP_TYPE_CURRENT, my_documents);
//    QString file_path = QString::fromWCharArray(my_documents);
    QDir dir;
    QString file_path = dir.currentPath();

    QDir *folder_path = new QDir;
    bool exist = folder_path->exists(file_path.append("\\MyApp"));
    if(!exist)
    {
        folder_path->mkdir(file_path);
    }
    delete folder_path;
    folder_path = nullptr;

    QString sFileName = file_path + "\\crash.log";

    QFile file(sFileName);
    if (file.open(QIODevice::WriteOnly|QIODevice::Truncate))
    {
        file.write(sCrashInfo.toUtf8());
        file.close();
    }

    return   EXCEPTION_EXECUTE_HANDLER;
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QApplication a(argc, argv);
    SetUnhandledExceptionFilter(callback);
    MainWindow w;
    w.show();
    return a.exec();
}

总结

善于总结，多进一步。