LNMP搭建
LNMP:Linux系统下Nginx+MySQL+PHP这种网站服务器架构。Nginx是一个高性能的HTTP和反向代理服务器,也是一个IMAP/POP3/SMTP代理服务器。Mysql是一个小型关系型数据库管理系统。PHP是一种在服务器端执行的嵌入HTML文档的脚本语言。
LNMP搭建
系统环境: centos7.4
1 安装ngninx
安装所装所需依赖包
yum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel
软件包为nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz
[root@www ~]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
[root@www ~]# tar xf nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz -C /usr/src/
[root@www ~]# cd /usr/src/nginx-1.12.0/
[root@www nginx-1.12.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_stub_status_module
–with-http_stub_status_module 支持状态统计,便于查看服务器的连接信息
[root@www nginx-1.12.0]# make && make install
验证安装
优化执行路径
[root@www ~]# ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/sbin/
编辑配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# mv /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf.bak (先备份)
[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
检查配置文件语法
[root@localhost ~]# nginx -t
添加nginx为 系统服务
设置权限并添加为系统服务
[root@www ~]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx
[root@www ~]# chkconfig --add nginx
然后通过浏览器访问
http://192.168.10.1/status
访问成功时
2 安装mysql
yum install -y cmake-2.8.12.2-4.el6.x86_64.rpm
yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ ncurses-devel bison openssl-devel #解决软件包依赖,不装这些依赖,等下cmake时会报错(这些依赖也可以根据报错一个一个解决,缺什么装什么即可)
tar zxf mysql-boost-5.7.17.tar.gz #此压缩包需自行下载
cd mysql-5.7.17/
cat CMakeLists.txt #每次cmake都会缓存在此文件,要是cmake报错之后要先删除此文件,再cmake
cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/lamp/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/lamp/mysql/data -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/lamp/mysql/data/mysql.sock -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DWITH_BOOST=boost/boost_1_59_0/
# 指定安装目录,数据存放目录,Unix socket 文件路径,安装 myisam 存储引擎,安装 innodb 存储引擎,使用 utf8 字符,校验字符,安装所有扩展字符集,安装boots库(要是压缩包中没有boots则需自行下载,一般xxx-boots这类压缩包中都带有boots)
1 |make && make install
优化调整
1 [root@www mysql-5.6.36]# cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
cp:是否覆盖"/etc/my.cnf"? y
2 [root@www mysql-5.6.36]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
3 [root@www mysql-5.6.36]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
4 [root@www mysql-5.6.36]# chkconfig --add mysqld
5 [root@www mysql-5.6.36]# echo "PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin" >> /etc/profile
6 [root@www mysql-5.6.36]# . /etc/profile (.和/之间有一个空格)
初始化数据库
1 [root@www mysql-5.6.36]# groupadd mysql
2 [root@www mysql-5.6.36]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql -g mysql
3 [root@www mysql-5.6.36]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
4 [root@www mysql-5.6.36]# /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --user=mysql
5 [root@www ~]# systemctl start mysqld
6 [root@www ~]# systemctl status mysqld
7 [root@www~]# mysqladmin -u root password '123' (设置mysql数据库root用户密码为123)
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
3 安装PHP解析环境
1)编译安装PHP
1 [root@www ~]# yum -y install gd libxml2-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel
注意上面那个包l2是字母l而不是数字1,千万不要打错,要不然后面不可以make
包拖入Xshell
1 [root@www php-5.5.38]# tar zxf php-5.5.38.tar.gz
2 [root@www ~]# cd php-5.5.38
3 [root@www php-5.5.38]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php5 --with-gd --with-zlib --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php5 --enable-mbstring --enable-fpm --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/lib
4 [root@www php-5.5.38]# make && make install (如果你不可以make,就是上面安装yum包时候有打错字母的包,重新检查安装一遍,把原来不可以make的php目录删了,重新解压一个,重新做
2)安装后的调整
1 [root@www php-5.5.38]# cp php.ini-development /usr/local/php5/php.ini
(后面的.ini文件是手打的)
2 [root@www php-5.5.38]# ln -s /usr/local/php5/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
3 [root@www php-5.5.38]# ln -s /usr/local/php5/sbin/* /usr/local/sbin/
3)安装ZendGuardLoader
将包拖入Xshell中
1 [root@www ~]# tar zxf zend-loader-php5.5-linux-x86_64_update1.tar.gz
2 [root@www ~]# cd zend-loader-php5.5-linux-x86_64
3 [root@www zend-loader-php5.5-linux-x86_64]# cp ZendGuardLoader.so /usr/local/php5/lib/php/
4 [root@www zend-loader-php5.5-linux-x86_64]# cd /
5 [root@www /]# vim /usr/local/php5/php.ini
滑倒最后一行,新起两行,这两行前面不要添加;这个是注释的意思
1 zend_extension=/usr/local/php5/lib/php/ZendGuardLoader.so
2 zend_loader.enable= 1
4.配置Nginx支持PHP环境
1)启用php-fpm进程,监听php解析请求
1 [root@www ~]# cd /usr/local/php5/etc/
2 [root@www etc]# cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
3 [root@www etc]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin php
4 [root@www etc]# vim php-fpm.conf
[global]
pid = run/php-fpm.pid
[www]
listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
user = php
group = php
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 20
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 35
启动php-fpm
[root@www ~]# /usr/local/php5/sbin/php-fpm
编写启动LNMP脚本:
1. [root@www ~]# vim /etc/init.d/lnmp
#!/bin/bash
# chkconfig: 35 95 30
# description: This script is for LNMP Management!
NGF=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
NGP=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
FPMF=/usr/local/php5/sbin/php-fpm
FPMP=/usr/local/php5/var/run/php-fpm.pid
case $1 in
start)
$NGF &&echo "nginx is starting! "
$FPMF && echo "php-fpm is starting! "
;;
stop)
kill -QUIT $(cat $NGP) &&echo "nginx is stoped! "
kill -QUIT $(cat $FPMP) &&echo "php-fpm is stoped! "
;;
restart)
$0 stop
$0 start
;;
reload)
kill -HUP $(cat $NGP)
kill -HUP $(cat $FPMP)
;;
status)
netstat -utpln |grep nginx &>/dev/null
if [ $? -eq 0 ]
then
echo "nginx is running! "
else
echo "nginx is not running! "
fi
netstat -upltn |grep php-fpm &>/dev/null
if [ $? -eq 0 ]
then
echo "php-fpm is runing! "
else
echo "php-fpm is not running! "
fi
;;
*)
echo "Usage $0 {start|stop|status|restart}"
exit 1
;;
esac
exit 0
1 [root@www ~]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/lnmp
2 [root@www ~]# chkconfig --add lnmp
确认php-fpm、nginx服务已停止
1 [root@www etc]# netstat -anput | grep php-fpm
2 [root@www ~]# nginx -s stop [root@localhost ~]# netstat -naput
| grep nginx
同时启动php-fpm、nginx服务
[root@www ~]# systemctl start lnmp
查看状态,nginx已启动master和worker进程;
php-fpm已启动master进程和20个工作进程
[root@www html]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
编辑配置文件
两种方法去实现
方式1:本地服务器php解析
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.benet.com;
charset utf-8;
access_log logs/benet.access.log;
location / {
root /usr/local/nginx/html/benet;
index index.html index.php;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
root /usr/local/nginx/html/benet;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fastcgi.conf;
}
}
方法2:转发给其他服务器去处理
location ~ \.php$ {
proxy_pass http://目标主机ip:80;
}
创建测试php网页
[root@www~]# mkdir /usr/local/nginx/html/benet
vim /usr/local/nginx/html/benet/test.php
<?php
$link=mysqli_connect('localhost','root','123');
if($link) echo "<h1>mysql connected success ! its ok !!</h1>";
mysqli_close($link);
?>
重启lnmp服务
[root@www conf]# /etc/init.d/lnmp restart
最后通过客户机的IE浏览器访问
http://www.benet.com/test.php
1. 注意:服务启动错误解决方法:
[root@www sbin]# nginx -s reload
nginx: [error] open() "/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid" failed (2: No such file or directory)
[root@www sbin]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] still could not bind()
尝试杀死进程:
1. [root@www sbin]# killall -9 nginx
2. [root@www conf]# /etc/init.d/lnmp restart