let
与const
let
与const
用来声明变量,作用范围为当前作用域
let
用来定义变量;const
用来定义常量;
js
不需要声明变量类型,变量类型是动态的
let s = "acwing", x = 5;
let d = {
name: "yxc",
age: 18,
}
const n = 100;
变量类型(5种变量类型)
typeof
输出变量类型
number
:数值变量,例如1, 2.5string
:字符串,例如"acwing", ‘yxc’,单引号与双引号均可。字符串中的每个字符为只读类型。boolean
:布尔值,例如true, falseobject
:对象,类似于C++中的指针,例如[1, 2, 3],{name: “yxc”, age: 18},nullundefined
:未定义的变量
String里的每一个字符都是只读变量,不能更改
let s1 = "acwing", s2 = "zys";
console.log(s1[1]);
let s3 = s1.substr(0, 1) + "x" + s1.substr(2);
console.log(s3)//axwing;
let d = {
name: "zys",
age: 18,
};
let key = "name";
key = "age";
console.log(d[key], d['age'])//可以动态变化
console.log(d["name"], d['age']);
d['school'] = "school";//可以动态加值
d.school = "pku";
console.log(d.name, d.age, d.school);
let t;
console.log(typeof t);//undefined
运算符
与C++
、Python
、Java
类似,不同点:
**
表示乘方- 等于与不等于用
===
和!==
遍历字典
let d = {
name: "zys",
age: 18,
};
for (let key in d) {
console.log(d[key]);
}
整除(取整parseInt)
console.log(parseInt(5 / 3));