SSM框架搭建过程----学生学籍管理系统

最新推荐文章于 2023-08-24 21:29:26 发布

代码敲上天.

最新推荐文章于 2023-08-24 21:29:26 发布

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分类专栏： SSM Framework

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_52226803/article/details/119772153

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1.先进行思维导图的设计，设计出整体的框架结构，页面关系

2.依据导图分析数据库中的表格，利用PD设计表格，添加联系，注意主键，外键的设置

3.导出PD的SQL文件，根据文件导入navicat创建对应的表格。

4.创建一个maven的webapp的项目

5.配置ssm依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.ssm</groupId>
  <artifactId>student_system</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    <spring.version>5.2.7.RELEASE</spring.version>
  </properties>
编译器的版本要改成1.8
spring的版本写到上面，便于整体修改




  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.12</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

      
    Spring的依赖，spring-mvc的依赖
     

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>


    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>


    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>


    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>


    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>


    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>


    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>


    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>




  mybatis包相关整合
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
      <version>3.5.5</version>
    </dependency>

  -mybatis-spring桥接包
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
      <version>2.0.5</version>
    </dependency>

  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <finalName>student_system</finalName>
  </build>
</project>

在编辑的时候把mapper文件给漏掉没有出现，会报Request processing failed; nested exception is org.apache.ibatis.binding.BindingException: Invalid 错误，所以这时应该在依赖中加入以下依赖，手动导入xml文件，同时clean

静态资源导出模板

<build>
   <resources>
       <resource>
           <directory>src/main/java</directory>
           <includes>
               <include>**/*.properties</include>
               <include>**/*.xml</include>
           </includes>
           <filtering>false</filtering>
       </resource>
       <resource>
           <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
           <includes>
               <include>**/*.properties</include>
               <include>**/*.xml</include>
           </includes>
           <filtering>false</filtering>
       </resource>
   </resources>
</build>

"**" 表示任意级目录
"*" 表示任意文件

意思就是把所有 /src/main/java 中所有 xml 文件也打包进包中，
当使用 mybatis 这种需要写 xml 的框架的时候会要用到

以下可以删除

  <name>test_ssm01 Maven Webapp</name>
  <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
  <url>http://www.example.com</url>








    <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
      <plugins>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.1.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.8.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.22.1</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.2.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.5.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.8.2</version>
        </plugin>
      </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>

6.确定项目的文件结构，创建完成一些基本文件夹

6.配置spring基本（网址比较全的applicationContext.xml）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    					http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    					http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
    					http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
    					http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    					http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

</beans>

7.配置spring-mvc.xml基本

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    					http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    					http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
    					http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
    					http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    					http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

</beans>

8.部署tomcat服务器

部署时要选择探索版，然后域名要简单一下，然年后选择时时更新类。

9.在web.xml中挂载spring，springmvc, 过滤器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
         http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1">

  <servlet>
  <!--  1、配置前端控制器DispatcherServlet 加载Spring-mvc.xml配置文件,否则不会载入-->
    <servlet-name>student_system</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
  <!--    前端控制器参数-->
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
  <!--    启动时立刻加载-->
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <!--  配置Servlet映射-->
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>student_system</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  <!--/*拦截很多，/拦截一部分-->
  </servlet-mapping>


  <!-- 加载spring配置文件-->
  <!--  上下文参数-->
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>


  <!--  编码过滤器-->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
  <!--    spring已经写好的类-->
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

</web-app>

不在这里配置，是不会挂载的，注意监听器不要写错

10.写一个测试类查看是否web.xml载入成功

在控制台打印出来，说明测试成功！

11.配置数据库信息db.properties（根据mysql-connector-java版本采用不同格式）

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/student_system?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&useSSL=false
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=111111

注意driver格式，url的正确性，以及参数

打开Database配置好，然后可以查看url地址

12.配置mybatis(mybatis-config.xml)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">

        <!--mybatis配置文件-->

<configuration>

</configuration>

为了配合mybatis补充applicationContext

操作步骤
1、在applicationContex中加载db.properties
这样/src/main/resources/*.properties文件就会被spring加载
如果想使用多个配置文件,可以添加order字段来进行排序
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties" />



2、在applicationContex中，配置数据源，配置前需要加入数据池依赖
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp2.BasicDataSource">
    <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}"></property>
    <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"></property>
    <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"></property>
    <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
</bean>



3、在applicationContex中，获取SqlSessionFactory工厂
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"></property>
        <property name="mapperLocations">
            <list>
                <value>classpath:com/ssm/dao/*.xml</value>
            </list>
        </property>
        <!--配置分页插件-->
        <property name="plugins">
            <array>
                <bean class="com.github.pagehelper.PageInterceptor">
                    <property name="properties">
                        <value>
                            helperDialect=mysql
                        </value>
                    </property>
                </bean>
            </array>
        </property>
</bean>


4、在applicationContex中，配置扫描Mapper文件，dao层的映射
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
    <property name="basePackage" value="com.ssm.dao"></property>
    <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"></property>
</bean>

注意：application映射dao层，如果出现Could not autowire. No beans of 'UserDao' type found. 错误很有可能就是映射路径不对。

数据库驱动以及数据池依赖

    <dependency>
      <groupId>mysql</groupId>
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
      <version>8.0.15</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-dbcp2</artifactId>
      <version>2.7.0</version>
    </dependency>

插件需要导入分页插件的依赖,

    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
      <artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId>
      <version>5.2.0</version>
    </dependency>

10.补充两个映射，完善一个User

①创建User实体类

package com.ssm.entity;

public class User {
    private Integer id;
    private String userName;
    private String userPwd;
    private String name;
    private String remark;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getUserName() {
        return userName;
    }

    public void setUserName(String userName) {
        this.userName = userName;
    }

    public String getUserPwd() {
        return userPwd;
    }

    public void setUserPwd(String userPwd) {
        this.userPwd = userPwd;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getRemark() {
        return remark;
    }

    public void setRemark(String remark) {
        this.remark = remark;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", userName='" + userName + '\'' +
                ", userPwd='" + userPwd + '\'' +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", remark='" + remark + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

②创建UserDao接口（方法名称要和xml的id相对应）

package com.ssm.dao;

import com.ssm.entity.User;

public interface UserDao {
    public int create(User user);

}

insert的结果，如果成功返回的是1(可能是这个1是影响的条数)，失败返回的是exception，而不是0。

③创建UserMapper.xml进行绑定

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >

<mapper namespace="com.ssm.dao.UserDao">
    <insert id="create" parameterType="com.ssm.entity.User" useGeneratedKeys="true" keyProperty="id">
        insert into tb_user(user_name,user_pwd,name,remark) values(#{userName},#{userPwd},#{name},#{remark})
    </insert>
</mapper>

useGeneratedKeys="true" keyProperty="id"是把数据库自动生成的id加入实体类中。

④实现业务层（创建dao对象，对方法进行调用）

package com.ssm.service;

import com.ssm.dao.UserDao;
import com.ssm.entity.User;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class UserService {
    @Autowired
    private UserDao userDao;
    public int create(User user) {
         return userDao.create(user);
    }
}

⑤实现控制层（确保所有请求经过，并且转发调用相应的服务层）

package com.ssm.controller;


import com.ssm.entity.User;
import com.ssm.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;
    @PostMapping("/create")
    public void create(User user)
    {
        userService.create(user);
    }
}

11.检查映射情况

①在UserMapper.xml中应该有对dao层的映射

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >

<mapper namespace="com.ssm.dao.UserDao">
    <insert id="create" parameterType="com.ssm.entity.User" useGeneratedKeys="true" keyProperty="id">
        insert into tb_user(user_name,user_pwd,name,remark) values(#{userName},#{userPwd},#{name},#{remark})
    </insert>
</mapper>

②在applicationContext.xml开头有对db.properties和Service层的映射

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.ssm.service"/>
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties" />

结尾有对dao的映射

<!--    4、在applicationContex中，配置扫描Mapper文件，dao层的映射-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.ssm.dao"/>
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
    </bean>

③spring-mvc中有对控制层的映射

 <context:component-scan base-package="com.ssm.controller"/>

12.测试框架运行情况(可以使用postman)

明显当postman出现404，但是插入成功时，SSM搭建成功了。

启动不成功：Cannot resolve reference to bean 'sqlSesssionFactory' while setting bean property 'sqlSessionFactory'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No bean named 'sqlSesssionFactory' available

找了很久的错误，注意服务器日志，然后自己阅读，仔细思考报错的意思是什么，才能更快更准找到错误。

代码敲上天.

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SSM框架搭建过程----学生学籍管理系统

1.先进行思维导图的设计，设计出整体的框架结构2.依据导图分析数据库中的表格，利用PD设计表格3.导出PD的SQL文件，根据文件创建对应的表格。4.创建一个maven的webapp的项目5.配置maven pom依赖<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org.
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