Day 19

一、学习内容

1.String类是一个定义字符串类型的类

2.字符串匹配

以下是闵老师提出的学习内容：

19.1 String 是 Java 常用的类, 这里重新实现下部分功能.
19.2 转义符 , 有了它才能正常打印引号.
19.3 简单的越界检查.

package basic;

public class MyString {

	/**
	 * The maximal length.
	 */
	public static final int MAX_LENGTH = 10;

	/**
	 * The actual length.
	 */
	int length;

	/**
	 * The data.
	 */
	char[] data;

	/**
	 *********************
	 * Construct an empty char array.
	 *********************
	 */
	public MyString() {
		length = 0;
		data = new char[MAX_LENGTH];
	}// Of the first constructor

	/**
	 *********************
	 * Construct using a system defined string.
	 * 
	 * @param paraString
	 *            The given string. Its length should not exceed MAX_LENGTH - 1.
	 *********************
	 */
	/**
	 * 将字符串赋值到数组
	 * @param paraString
	 */
	public MyString(String paraString) {
		data = new char[MAX_LENGTH];
		length = paraString.length();

		// Copy data.
		for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
			data[i] = paraString.charAt(i);
		} // Of for i
	}// Of the second constructor

	/**
	 *********************
	 * Overrides the method claimed in Object, the superclass of any class.
	 *********************
	 */
	public String toString() {
		String resultString = "";

		for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
			resultString += data[i];
		} // Of for i

		return resultString;
	}// Of toString

	/**
	 *********************
	 * Locate the position of a substring.
	 * 
	 * @param paraString
	 *            The given substring.
	 * @return The first position. -1 for no matching.
	 *********************
	 */
	/**
	 * 此函数用于找字符串的位置
	 * @param paraMyString
	 * @return
	 */
	public int locate(MyString paraMyString) {
		boolean tempMatch = false;
		for (int i = 0; i < length - paraMyString.length + 1; i++) {
			// Initialize.
			tempMatch = true;
			for (int j = 0; j < paraMyString.length; j++) {
				if (data[i + j] != paraMyString.data[j]) {
					tempMatch = false;
					break;
				} // Of if
			} // Of for j

			if (tempMatch) {
				return i;
			} // Of if
		} // Of for i
		return -1;
	}// Of locate

	/**
	 *********************
	 * Get a substring
	 * 
	 * @param paraString
	 *            The given substring.
	 * @param paraStartPosition
	 *            The start position in the original string.
	 * @param paraLength
	 *            The length of the new string.
	 * @return The first position. -1 for no matching.
	 *********************
	 */
	/**
	 * 获得一个字串
	 * 需要给出开始位置以及长度
	 * @param paraStartPosition
	 * @param paraLength
	 * @return
	 */
	public MyString substring(int paraStartPosition, int paraLength) {
		if (paraStartPosition + paraLength > length) {
			System.out.println("The bound is exceeded.");
			return null;
		} // Of if

		MyString resultMyString = new MyString();
		resultMyString.length = paraLength;
		for (int i = 0; i < paraLength; i++) {
			resultMyString.data[i] = data[paraStartPosition + i];
		} // Of for i

		return resultMyString;
	}// Of substring

	/**
	 *********************
	 * The entrance of the program.
	 * 
	 * @param args
	 *            Not used now.
	 *********************
	 */
	public static void main(String args[]) {
		MyString tempFirstString = new MyString("I like ik.");
		MyString tempSecondString = new MyString("l");

		int tempPosition = tempFirstString.locate(tempSecondString);
		System.out.println("The position of \"" + tempSecondString + "\" in \"" + tempFirstString
				+ "\" is: " + tempPosition);


		MyString tempThirdString = new MyString("ki");
		tempPosition = tempFirstString.locate(tempThirdString);
		System.out.println("The position of \"" + tempThirdString + "\" in \"" + tempFirstString
				+ "\" is: " + tempPosition);

		tempThirdString = tempFirstString.substring(1, 2);
		System.out.println("The substring is: \"" + tempThirdString + "\"");

		tempThirdString = tempFirstString.substring(5, 5);
		System.out.println("The substring is: \"" + tempThirdString + "\"");

		tempThirdString = tempFirstString.substring(5, 6);
		System.out.println("The substring is: \"" + tempThirdString + "\"");
	}// Of main
}// Of class MyString

二、实现结果