MyBatis：常用的注解

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已于 2023-04-07 10:49:13 修改

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分类专栏： javaEE 文章标签： mybatis mysql sql

于 2023-03-08 22:11:15 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_52331159/article/details/129412608

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1 修改配置文件mybatis-config.xml

在MyBatis中，除了XML的映射方式，MyBatis还支持通过注解实现POJO对象和数据表之间的关系映射。使用注解时，一般将SQL语句直接写在接口上。与XML的映射方式相比，注解相对简单并且不会造成大量的开销。
MyBatis提供了若干注解，其中常用的注解如表所示。

以上列举出了MyBatis提供的常用注解，接下来，将对这些注解作详细讲解。

1 修改配置文件mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <!--    配置别名-->
    <typeAliases>
        <package name="com.qfedu.pojo"/>
    </typeAliases>
    <!--设置连接数据库的环境-->
    <environments default="mysql">
        <environment id="mysql">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url"
                          value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/chapter04"/>
                <property name="username" value="root"/>
                <property name="password" value="123456"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
    <!--引入映射文件-->
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="com.qfedu.mapper/StudentMapper.xml"></mapper>
        <mapper class="com.qfedu.mapper.StudentMapper"></mapper>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

2 创建StudentMapper接口

package com.qfedu.mapper;

import com.qfedu.pojo.Student;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.*;

public interface StudentMapper {
    /**
     * @param sid 通过学号查询学生信息
     * @return 返回学生信息
     */
    @Select("select * from student where sid = #{sid}")
    Student selectStudent(int sid);

    /**
     * @param student 插入学生信息
     * @return
     */
    @Insert("insert into student(sname,age,course)" + "values(#{sname},#{age},#{course})")
    int insertStudent(Student student);

    /**
     * @param student 更新学生信息
     * @return
     */
    @Update("update student " + "set sname = #{sname},course = #{course} where sid = #{sid}")
    int updateStudent(Student student);

    /**
     * @param sid 删除学生信息
     * @return
     */
    @Delete("delete from student where sid = #{sid} ")
    int deleteStudent(int sid);

    /**
     * @param sname 姓名
     * @param course 课程
     * @return
     */
    @Select("select * from student where sname = #{param01}"+"and course = #{param02}")
    Student selectBySnameAndCourse(@Param("param01")String sname,@Param("param02")String course);
}

3 常用的注释

@Select

@Select注解用于映射查询语句，其作用等同于xml文件中的<select>元素。

package com.qfedu.com.qfedu.test;

import com.qfedu.mapper.StudentMapper;
import com.qfedu.pojo.Student;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

public class TestSelect {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
        try {
            InputStream in = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
            SqlSessionFactory factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(in);
            SqlSession sqlSession = factory.openSession();
            Student student1 = new Student();
            StudentMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);
            Student student = mapper.selectBySnameAndCourse("LiSi","Java");
            System.out.println(student.toString());
            sqlSession.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

@Insert

@Insert注解用于映射插入语句，其作用等同于xml文件中的<insert>元素。

package com.qfedu.com.qfedu.test;

import com.qfedu.mapper.StudentMapper;
import com.qfedu.pojo.Student;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

public class TestInsert {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
        try {
            InputStream in = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
            SqlSessionFactory factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(in);
            SqlSession sqlSession = factory.openSession();
            Student student1 = new Student();
            student1.setSname("ZhaoBa");
            student1.setAge("21");
            student1.setCourse("Java");
            StudentMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);
            int result = mapper.insertStudent(student1);
            if(result>0){
                System.out.println("成功插入"+result+"条数据");
            }else {
                System.out.println("插入操作失败");
            }
            sqlSession.commit();
            sqlSession.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

在以上代码中，通过调用SqlSession对象的getMapper ()方法获取StudentMapper对象，进而执行StudentMapper对象的selectStudent()方法。

@Update

@Update注解用于映射更新语句，其作用等同于xml文件中的<update>元素。

package com.qfedu.com.qfedu.test;

import com.qfedu.mapper.StudentMapper;
import com.qfedu.pojo.Student;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

public class TestUpdate {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
        try {
            InputStream in = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
            SqlSessionFactory factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(in);
            SqlSession sqlSession = factory.openSession();
            Student student1 = new Student();
            student1.setSid(6);
            student1.setSname("WangWu");
            student1.setCourse("Python");
            StudentMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);
            int result = mapper.updateStudent(student1);
            if(result>0){
                System.out.println("成功更新"+result+"条数据");
            }else {
                System.out.println("更新操作失败");
            }
            sqlSession.commit();
            sqlSession.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

@Delete

@Delete注解用于映射删除语句，其作用等同于xml文件中的<delete>元素。

package com.qfedu.com.qfedu.test;

import com.qfedu.mapper.StudentMapper;
import com.qfedu.pojo.Student;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

public class TestDelete {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
        try {
            InputStream in = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
            SqlSessionFactory factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(in);
            SqlSession sqlSession = factory.openSession();
            StudentMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);
            int result = mapper.deleteStudent(6);
            if(result>0){
                System.out.println("成功删除"+result+"条数据");
            }else {
                System.out.println("删除操作失败");
            }
            sqlSession.commit();
            sqlSession.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

@Param

@Param注解的功能是指定参数，通常用于SQL语句中参数比较多的情况。

package com.qfedu.com.qfedu.test;

import com.qfedu.mapper.StudentMapper;
import com.qfedu.pojo.Student;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

public class TestFindBySid {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
        try {
            InputStream in = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
            SqlSessionFactory factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(in);
            SqlSession sqlSession = factory.openSession();
            StudentMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);
            Student student = mapper.selectStudent(1);
            System.out.println(student.toString());
            sqlSession.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}