io1.9,进程间的通信-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_52654142/article/details/135488783

文章详细描述了如何使用C语言通过消息队列、信号和共享内存进行进程间通信，包括创建消息队列、接收和发送消息，以及信号的发送和处理。

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1.使用消息队列完成两个进程之间相互通信

#include<myhead.h>
struct msgbuf
{
	long mtype;
	char mtext[1024];
};
struct heizi
{
	long mtype;
	char mtext[1024];
};
#define SIZE (sizeof(struct msgbuf)-sizeof(long))
#define SIZE1 (sizeof(struct heizi)-sizeof(long))
int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
{
	pid_t pid=fork();
	//子进程
	if(pid ==0)
	{
		//创建key
		key_t key;
		if((key=ftok("/",'t'))==-1)
		{
			perror("ggg");
			return -1;
		}
		//创建消息队列
		int ikun=0;
		if((ikun=msgget(key,IPC_CREAT|0664))==-1)
		{
			perror("ggg");
			return -1;
		}
		printf("%d\n",ikun);
		struct msgbuf buf;
		while(1)
		{
			printf("要向2发送的数据:\n");
			scanf("%s",buf.mtext);
			getchar();
			//向消息队列中传递
			msgsnd(ikun,&buf,SIZE,0);
			printf("发送成功\n");
			if(strcmp(buf.mtext,"quit")==0)
			{
				break;
			}	
		}
		//关闭消息队列
		if(msgctl(ikun,IPC_RMID,NULL) ==-1)
		{
			perror("ggg21");
			return -1;
		}
		exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
	}
	//父进程
	else if(pid>0)
	{
		key_t key1;
		if((key1=ftok("/",'y'))==-1)
		{
			perror("ggg");
			return -1;
		}
		//创建消息队列
		int kun=0;
		if((kun=msgget(key1,IPC_CREAT|0664))==-1)
		{
			perror("ggg22");
			return -1;
		}
		printf("%d\n",kun);
		struct heizi buf1;
		while(1)
		{
			msgrcv(kun,&buf1,SIZE1,0,0);
			printf("收到2发来消息为: %s\n",buf1.mtext);
			if(strcmp(buf1.mtext,"quit")==0)
			{
				break;
			}
		}
		if(msgctl(kun,IPC_RMID,NULL) ==-1)
		{
			perror("ggg");
			return -1;
		}
	}
	else
	{
		perror("ggg");
		return -1;
	}
	wait(NULL);
	return 0;
}

#include<myhead.h>
struct msgbuf
{
	long mtype;
	char mtext[1024];
};
struct heizi
{
	long mtype;
	char mtext[1024];
};
#define SIZE (sizeof(struct msgbuf)-sizeof(long))
#define SIZE1 (sizeof(struct heizi)-sizeof(long))
int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
{
	pid_t pid=fork();
	if(pid ==0)
	{
		key_t key;
		if((key=ftok("/",'t'))==-1)
		{
			perror("ggg");
			return -1;
		}
		int ikun=0;
		if((ikun=msgget(key,IPC_CREAT|0664))==-1)
		{
			perror("ggg");
			return -1;
		}
		printf("%d\n",ikun);
		struct msgbuf buf;
		while(1)
		{	
			msgrcv(ikun,&buf,SIZE,0,0);
			printf("收到1传来消息为: %s\n",buf.mtext);
			if(strcmp(buf.mtext,"quit")==0)
			{
				break;
			}
		}
		if(msgctl(ikun,IPC_RMID,NULL) ==-1)
		{
			perror("ggg11");
			return -1;
		}
		exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
	}
	if(pid>0)
	{
		key_t key1;
		if((key1=ftok("/",'y'))==-1)
		{
			perror("ggg");
			return -1;
		}
		int kun=0;
		if((kun=msgget(key1,IPC_CREAT|0664))==-1)
		{
			perror("ggg");
			return -1;
		}
		printf("%d\n",kun);
		struct heizi buf1;
		while(1)
		{
			printf("要向1发送的数据:\n");
			scanf("%s",buf1.mtext);
			getchar();
			msgsnd(kun,&buf1,SIZE1,0);
			printf("发送成功\n");
			if(strcmp(buf1.mtext,"quit")==0)
			{
				break;
			}
		}
		if(msgctl(kun,IPC_RMID,NULL) ==-1)
		{
			perror("ggg12");
			return -1;
		}
	}
	else
	{
		perror("ggg");
		return -1;
	}
	wait(NULL);
	return 0;
}

2、将信号通信相关代码重新实现一遍

#include<myhead.h>
void ikun(int gg)
{
	if(gg ==SIGUSR1)
	{
		printf("我真是爱坤\n");
		raise(SIGKILL);
	}
}
int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
{
	pid_t pid=fork();
	if(pid>0)
	{
		if(signal(SIGUSR1,ikun) ==SIG_ERR)
		{
			perror("ggg");
			return -1;
		}
		printf("我是真爱坤\n");
		while(1)
		{
			sleep(1);
			printf("你是小黑子\n");
		}	
	}
	else if(pid ==0)
	{
		printf("食不食油饼，香精煎鱼\n");
		sleep(3);
		printf("同归于尽吧\n");
		kill(getppid(),SIGUSR1);
		exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
	}
	else
	{
		perror("ggg");
		return -1;
	}
	wait(NULL);
	return 0;
}

3、将共享内存相关代码重新实现一遍

发送

#include<myhead.h>
#define PAGE_SIZE 4096

int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
{
    //1、创建key值
    key_t key = -1;
    if((key = ftok("/", 't')) == -1)
    {
        perror("ggggg");
        return -1;
    }
    printf("key = %#x\n", key);

    //2、创建共享内存
    int shmid = 0;
    if((shmid = shmget(key, PAGE_SIZE, IPC_CREAT|0664)) == -1)
    {
        perror("ggggg");
        return -1;
    }
    printf("shmid = %d\n", shmid);

    //3、映射空间
  
    char *addr = (char *)shmat(shmid, NULL, 0);
    if(addr == (void *)-1)
    {
        perror("ggggg");
        return -1;
    }
    printf("addr = %p\n", addr);
    
    //4、进行操作
    while(1)
    {
        fgets(addr, PAGE_SIZE, stdin);  
        addr[strlen(addr) - 1] = '\0';    

        if(strcmp(addr, "quit") == 0)
        {
            break;
        }
    }
    //5、取消映射
	if(shmdt(addr) ==-1)
	{
		perror("ggg");
		return -1;
	}
	//6、删除映射
	if(shmctl(shmid, IPC_RMID, NULL) == -1)
    {
        perror("ggggg");
        return -1;
    }
    while(1);

    return 0;
}

接受

#include<myhead.h>
#define PAGE_SIZE 4096

int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
{
    //1、创建key值
    key_t key = -1;
    if((key = ftok("/", 't')) == -1)
    {
        perror("gggg");
        return -1;
    }
    printf("key = %#x\n", key);

    //2、将物理内存创建出共享内存段
    int shmid = 0;
    if((shmid = shmget(key, PAGE_SIZE, IPC_CREAT|0664)) == -1)
    {
        perror("gggg");
        return -1;
    }
    printf("shmid = %d\n", shmid);

    //3、将内存段地址映射    
    char *addr = (char *)shmat(shmid, NULL, 0);
    if(addr == (void *)-1)
    {
        perror("gggg");
        return -1;
    }
    printf("addr = %p\n", addr);
    
    //4、操作共享内存
    //char buf[128] = "";
    while(1)
    {
    
        printf("共享内存中的数据为：%s\n", addr);
        sleep(1);

        if(strcmp(addr, "quit") == 0)
        {
            break;
        }
    }

    
    //5、取消映射
    if(shmdt(addr) == -1)
    {
        perror("ggg");
        return -1;
    }


    //6、删除共享内存
    if(shmctl(shmid, IPC_RMID, NULL) == -1)
    {
        perror("ggggg");
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}