Java基础编程500题——网络编程

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目录

项目结构

1. 编写一个服务器程序,接收客户端发送的消息,并将消息原样返回给客户端。

2. 实现一个文件传输服务器,客户端发送文件路径,服务器读取文件内容并发送给客户端。

3. 实现一个简单的HTTP服务器,客户端发送HTTP的GET请求,服务器返回简单的HTML页面。

4. 实现一个简单的计算器服务器,客户端发送两个数字和一个运算符(+、-、*、/),服务器返回运算结果。

5. 实现一个简单的HTTP服务器,客户端发送HTTP的POST请求,服务器返回简单的HTML页面。


 ✨✨  返回题目目录 ✨ ✨ 

Java基础编程500题


项目结构

1. 编写一个服务器程序,接收客户端发送的消息,并将消息原样返回给客户端。

(1)服务器

import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;

public class Server {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try (ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(12345)) { // 创建服务器Socket
            System.out.println("服务器启动,等待连接...");
            Socket clientSocket = serverSocket.accept(); // 等待客户端连接
            System.out.println("客户端已连接");

            BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(clientSocket.getInputStream())); // 获取输入流
            PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(clientSocket.getOutputStream(), true); // 获取输出流

            String inputLine;
            while ((inputLine = in.readLine()) != null) { // 读取客户端消息
                System.out.println("接收到客户端消息:" + inputLine);
                out.println(inputLine); // 回显消息给客户端
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

(2)客户端

import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;

public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try (Socket echoSocket = new Socket("localhost", 12345); // 创建Socket连接到服务器
             PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(echoSocket.getOutputStream(), true); // 获取输出流
             BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(echoSocket.getInputStream())); // 获取输入流
             BufferedReader stdIn = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in))) { // 获取键盘输入流
            System.out.println("成功连接到服务器...");
            String userInput;
            while ((userInput = stdIn.readLine()) != null) { // 读取用户输入
                out.println(userInput); // 发送消息到服务器
                System.out.println("服务器回声:" + in.readLine()); // 打印服务器回声
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

2. 实现一个文件传输服务器,客户端发送文件路径,服务器读取文件内容并发送给客户端。

(1)服务器

import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;

public class Server {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        // 创建服务器端的Socket
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(7777);
        System.out.println("文件传输服务器已启动,等待连接...");

        // 等待客户端的连接
        Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
        System.out.println("客户端已连接");

        // 获取输入流,读取客户端发送的文件路径
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
        String filePath = reader.readLine();
        System.out.println("客户端请求文件:" + filePath);

        // 读取文件内容并发送给客户端
        FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(filePath);
        byte[] buffer = new byte[4096];
        OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
        int bytesRead;
        while ((bytesRead = fileInputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
            outputStream.write(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
        }

        // 关闭资源
        fileInputStream.close();
        outputStream.close();
        reader.close();
        socket.close();
        serverSocket.close();
    }
}

(2)客户端

import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;

public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        // 创建Socket连接到服务器
        Socket socket = new Socket("localhost", 7777);
        System.out.println("已连接到文件传输服务器");

        // 获取键盘输入流
        BufferedReader keyboardReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        // 获取输出流,发送文件路径到服务器
        PrintWriter writer = new PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream(), true);
        System.out.println("请输入文件路径:"); // 例如 copy_example.txt
        String filePath = keyboardReader.readLine();
        writer.println(filePath);

        // 获取输入流,接收服务器发送的文件内容
        InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
        FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream("received_" + filePath);
        byte[] buffer = new byte[4096];
        int bytesRead;
        while ((bytesRead = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
            fileOutputStream.write(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
        }

        // 关闭资源
        fileOutputStream.close();
        inputStream.close();
        writer.close();
        keyboardReader.close();
        socket.close();
    }
}

3. 实现一个简单的HTTP服务器,客户端发送HTTP的GET请求,服务器返回简单的HTML页面。

(1)服务器

import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;

class HttpRequestHandler implements Runnable {
    private final Socket socket;

    public HttpRequestHandler(Socket socket) {
        this.socket = socket;
    }

    public void run() {
        try {
            // 获取输入流
            BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
            // 获取输出流
            OutputStreamWriter writer = new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream());

            // 读取HTTP请求行
            String requestLine = reader.readLine();
            // 简单的请求处理,只处理GET方法
            if (requestLine.startsWith("GET")) {
                // 发送HTTP响应
                writer.write("HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n");
                writer.write("Content-Type: text/html\r\n");
                writer.write("\r\n");
                writer.write("<html><body><h1>欢迎访问我的HTTP服务器</h1></body></html>\r\n");
                writer.flush();
            }

            // 关闭资源
            reader.close();
            writer.close();
            socket.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

public class Server {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        // 创建服务器端的Socket
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8080);
        System.out.println("HTTP服务器已启动,等待连接...");

        while (true) {
            // 等待客户端的连接
            Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
            System.out.println("客户端已连接");

            // 处理客户端请求
            new Thread(new HttpRequestHandler(socket)).start();
        }
    }


}

(2)客户端

import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;

public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            // 创建URL对象
            URL url = new URL("http://localhost:8080/");
            // 打开连接
            HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            // 设置请求方法
            connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
            // 获取响应码
            int responseCode = connection.getResponseCode();
            System.out.println("响应码:" + responseCode);

            // 读取响应内容
            BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream()));
            String line;
            while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                System.out.println(line);
            }

            // 关闭资源
            reader.close();
            connection.disconnect();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

4. 实现一个简单的计算器服务器,客户端发送两个数字和一个运算符(+、-、*、/),服务器返回运算结果。

(1)服务器

import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;

public class Server {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try (ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8002)) {
            System.out.println("计算器服务器启动,等待连接...");
            Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
            System.out.println("客户端已连接");

            // 获取输入流
            BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
            // 获取输出流
            PrintWriter writer = new PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream(), true);

            String inputLine;
            while ((inputLine = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                String[] parts = inputLine.split(" ");
                double num1 = Double.parseDouble(parts[0]);
                double num2 = Double.parseDouble(parts[2]);
                double result = 0;
                switch (parts[1]) {
                    case "+":
                        result = num1 + num2;
                        break;
                    case "-":
                        result = num1 - num2;
                        break;
                    case "*":
                        result = num1 * num2;
                        break;
                    case "/":
                        if (num2 != 0) result = num1 / num2;
                        else result = Double.NaN;
                        break;
                }
                writer.println("结果:" + result);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

(2)客户端

import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try (Socket socket = new Socket("localhost", 8002);
             PrintWriter writer = new PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream(), true);
             BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()))) {
            System.out.println("已连接到计算器服务器");
            Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

            while (true) {
                System.out.print("请输入算术表达式(例如:5 + 3):");
                String expression = scanner.nextLine();
                writer.println(expression); // 发送表达式到服务器
                System.out.println(reader.readLine()); // 打印服务器返回的结果
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

5. 实现一个简单的HTTP服务器,客户端发送HTTP的POST请求,服务器返回简单的HTML页面。

(1)服务器

import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;

public class Server {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        // 创建服务器Socket
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8080);
        System.out.println("服务器启动,等待连接...");

        // 等待客户端连接
        Socket clientSocket = serverSocket.accept();
        System.out.println("客户端已连接");

        // 获取输入流
        BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(clientSocket.getInputStream()));
        // 获取输出流
        PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(clientSocket.getOutputStream(), true);

        // 读取客户端发送的数据
        String line;
        StringBuilder data = new StringBuilder();
        while ((line = in.readLine()) != null && !line.isEmpty()) {
            data.append(line).append("\n");
        }

        // 发送响应
        out.println("HTTP/1.1 200 OK");
        out.println("Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8");
        out.println("Content-Length: " + data.length());
        out.println();
        out.println(data.toString());

        // 关闭资源
        in.close();
        out.close();
        clientSocket.close();
        serverSocket.close();
    }
}

(2)客户端

import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;

public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        // 创建Socket连接到服务器
        Socket socket = new Socket("localhost", 8080);
        System.out.println("连接到服务器");

        // 获取输出流,发送POST请求
        PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream(), true);
        out.println("POST / HTTP/1.1");
        out.println("Host: localhost:8080");
        out.println("Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8");
        out.println("Content-Length: 11");
        out.println();
        out.println("Hello World");

        // 获取输入流,读取响应
        BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
        String line;
        while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
            System.out.println(line);
        }

        // 关闭资源
        in.close();
        out.close();
        socket.close();
    }
}

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