XML文件在Java中的使用

1.简介

XML是一门可拓展标记语言，其可以在任何应用程序中读写数据，可用作数据的说明、储存、传输。

2.在Java中的使用

以此Book.xml为例：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<bookList> 
  <book bookId="1"> 
    <name>天龙八部</name>  
    <author>金庸</author>  
    <description>天龙八部的简介</description>  
    <type>武侠</type> 
  </book>  
  <book bookId="2"> 
    <name>射雕英雄传</name>  
    <author>金庸</author>  
    <description>射雕英雄传的简介</description>  
    <type>武侠</type> 
  </book>
  <book bookId="3">
    <name>泡沫之夏</name>
    <author>明晓溪</author>
    <description>男女主爱情故事</description>
    <type>言情</type>
  </book>
</bookList>

2.1读取xml中的信息

public void readBook() {
        //获取xml里的用户名与密码 SAX解析器
        SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader();
        Document document = null;
        Element rootElement = null;
        try {
        	//获取文件对象
            document = saxReader.read("txtNovelSystem/src/xml/Book.xml");
            //获取文件根元素
            rootElement = document.getRootElement();
            //获取所有book子标签
            List<Element> bookEles = rootElement.elements("book");
            for (Element bookEle : bookEles) {
                //获取一个user对象
                Book book = new Book();
                //获取userId
                int bookId = Integer.parseInt(bookEle.attributeValue("bookId"));
                book.setBookId(bookId);
                String bookName = bookEle.element("name").getText();
                book.setName(bookName);
                String author = bookEle.element("author").getText();
                book.setAuthor(author);
                String description = bookEle.element("description").getText();
                book.setDescription(description);
                String type = bookEle.element("type").getText();
                book.setType(type);

                //将书籍信息添加进书籍列表
                books.add(book);
            }
            for (Book book : books) {
                System.out.println(book.toString());
            }
        } catch (DocumentException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

2.2向xml文件中写入数据

    public void addXmlUser() {
        //获取xml里的用户名与密码
        SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader();
        Document document = null;
        Element rootElement = null;
        FileWriter fw = null;
        XMLWriter xmlWriter = null;
        try {
            document = saxReader.read("txtNovelSystem/src/xml/User.xml");
            rootElement = document.getRootElement();
            //添加user元素
            Element newUserEle = rootElement.addElement("user");
            //设置属性
            int maxId = 0;
            for (User user1 : users) {
                if (maxId < user1.getUserId()) {
                    maxId = user1.getUserId();
                }
            }
            maxId++;
            newUserEle.addAttribute("userId", String.valueOf(maxId));
            //添加子元素 并为其设置文本
            Element usernameEle = newUserEle.addElement("username");
//            usernameEle.setText(user.getName());
            usernameEle.setText("haha");
            Element passwordEle = newUserEle.addElement("password");
//            usernameEle.setText(user.getPassword());
            passwordEle.setText("21631");

            OutputFormat outputFormat = OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();
            outputFormat.setEncoding("UTF-8");
            fw = new FileWriter("txtNovelSystem/src/xml/User.xml");
            xmlWriter = new XMLWriter(fw, outputFormat);
            xmlWriter.write(document);
        } catch (DocumentException | IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            try {
                if (xmlWriter != null) {
                    xmlWriter.close();
                }
                if (fw != null) {
                    fw.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }