1A system has an n-layer protocol hierarchy. Applications generate messages of length M bytes. At each of the layers, an h-byte header is added. What fraction of the network bandwidth is filled with headers?
一个系统具有 n 层协议。应用层产生长度为 M 字节的报文,在每一层加上长度为 h 字节的报文头。试问报文头所占的网络带宽比例是多少?
答:n 层协议中,每一层都增加 h 字节首部,因此首部总长度为 nh 字节,所占带宽的比率为nh/(M+nh)