Python - 代码随想录算法训练营第三天 | LeetCode203 移除链表元素、LeetCode707 设计链表、LeetCode206 反转链表

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前言

Python 完成以上问题：

以下是链表在python中的写法

class ListNode:
    def __init__(self, val, next=None):
        self.val = val
        self.next = next

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一、 LeetCode203 移除链表元素

力扣题目链接(opens new window)

题意：反转一个单链表。

示例: 输入: 1->2->3->4->5->NULL 输出: 5->4->3->2->1->NULL

# Definition for singly-linked list.
# class ListNode:
#     def __init__(self, val=0, next=None):
#         self.val = val
#         self.next = next
class Solution:
    def removeElements(self, head: Optional[ListNode], val: int) -> Optional[ListNode]:
        #虚拟节点
        dummy_head = ListNode(next = head)
        corrent = dummy_head

        #开始在链表中遍历
        while corrent.next:
            if corrent.next.val == val:
                corrent.next = corrent.next.next

            else:
                corrent = corrent.next
        return dummy_head.next

二、LeetCode707 设计链表

题意：

在链表类中实现这些功能：

get(index)：获取链表中第 index 个节点的值。如果索引无效，则返回-1。
addAtHead(val)：在链表的第一个元素之前添加一个值为 val 的节点。插入后，新节点将成为链表的第一个节点。
addAtTail(val)：将值为 val 的节点追加到链表的最后一个元素。
addAtIndex(index,val)：在链表中的第 index 个节点之前添加值为 val 的节点。如果 index 等于链表的长度，则该节点将附加到链表的末尾。如果 index 大于链表长度，则不会插入节点。如果index小于0，则在头部插入节点。
deleteAtIndex(index)：如果索引 index 有效，则删除链表中的第 index 个节点。

这道题目设计链表的五个接口：

获取链表第index个节点的数值
在链表的最前面插入一个节点
在链表的最后面插入一个节点
在链表第index个节点前面插入一个节点
删除链表的第index个节点

（版本一）单链表法
class ListNode:
    def __init__(self, val=0, next=None):
        self.val = val
        self.next = next
        
class MyLinkedList:
    def __init__(self):
        self.dummy_head = ListNode()
        self.size = 0

    def get(self, index: int) -> int:
        if index < 0 or index >= self.size:
            return -1
        
        current = self.dummy_head.next
        for i in range(index):
            current = current.next
            
        return current.val

    def addAtHead(self, val: int) -> None:
        self.dummy_head.next = ListNode(val, self.dummy_head.next)
        self.size += 1

    def addAtTail(self, val: int) -> None:
        current = self.dummy_head
        while current.next:
            current = current.next
        current.next = ListNode(val)
        self.size += 1

    def addAtIndex(self, index: int, val: int) -> None:
        if index < 0 or index > self.size:
            return
        
        current = self.dummy_head
        for i in range(index):
            current = current.next
        current.next = ListNode(val, current.next)
        self.size += 1

    def deleteAtIndex(self, index: int) -> None:
        if index < 0 or index >= self.size:
            return
        
        current = self.dummy_head
        for i in range(index):
            current = current.next
        current.next = current.next.next
        self.size -= 1


# Your MyLinkedList object will be instantiated and called as such:
# obj = MyLinkedList()
# param_1 = obj.get(index)
# obj.addAtHead(val)
# obj.addAtTail(val)
# obj.addAtIndex(index,val)
# obj.deleteAtIndex(index)

（版本二）双链表法
class ListNode:
    def __init__(self, val=0, prev=None, next=None):
        self.val = val
        self.prev = prev
        self.next = next

class MyLinkedList:
    def __init__(self):
        self.head = None
        self.tail = None
        self.size = 0

    def get(self, index: int) -> int:
        if index < 0 or index >= self.size:
            return -1
        
        if index < self.size // 2:
            current = self.head
            for i in range(index):
                current = current.next
        else:
            current = self.tail
            for i in range(self.size - index - 1):
                current = current.prev
                
        return current.val

    def addAtHead(self, val: int) -> None:
        new_node = ListNode(val, None, self.head)
        if self.head:
            self.head.prev = new_node
        else:
            self.tail = new_node
        self.head = new_node
        self.size += 1

    def addAtTail(self, val: int) -> None:
        new_node = ListNode(val, self.tail, None)
        if self.tail:
            self.tail.next = new_node
        else:
            self.head = new_node
        self.tail = new_node
        self.size += 1

    def addAtIndex(self, index: int, val: int) -> None:
        if index < 0 or index > self.size:
            return
        
        if index == 0:
            self.addAtHead(val)
        elif index == self.size:
            self.addAtTail(val)
        else:
            if index < self.size // 2:
                current = self.head
                for i in range(index - 1):
                    current = current.next
            else:
                current = self.tail
                for i in range(self.size - index):
                    current = current.prev
            new_node = ListNode(val, current, current.next)
            current.next.prev = new_node
            current.next = new_node
            self.size += 1

    def deleteAtIndex(self, index: int) -> None:
        if index < 0 or index >= self.size:
            return
        
        if index == 0:
            self.head = self.head.next
            if self.head:
                self.head.prev = None
            else:
                self.tail = None
        elif index == self.size - 1:
            self.tail = self.tail.prev
            if self.tail:
                self.tail.next = None
            else:
                self.head = None
        else:
            if index < self.size // 2:
                current = self.head
                for i in range(index):
                    current = current.next
            else:
                current = self.tail
                for i in range(self.size - index - 1):
                    current = current.prev
            current.prev.next = current.next
            current.next.prev = current.prev
        self.size -= 1



# Your MyLinkedList object will be instantiated and called as such:
# obj = MyLinkedList()
# param_1 = obj.get(index)
# obj.addAtHead(val)
# obj.addAtTail(val)
# obj.addAtIndex(index,val)
# obj.deleteAtIndex(index)

三、LeetCode206 反转链表

力扣题目链接(opens new window)

题意：反转一个单链表。

示例: 输入: 1->2->3->4->5->NULL 输出: 5->4->3->2->1->NULL

# Definition for singly-linked list. 
# class ListNode: 
#     def __init__(self, val=0, next=None): 
#         self.val = val 
#         self.next = next
class Solution:
    def rev'''erseList(self, head: Optional[ListNode]) -> Optional[ListNode]:
        current = head
        pre = None
        while current:
            temp = current.next
            current.next = pre
            pre = current
            current = temp
        return pre

感觉很奇怪，在IDLE里跑不出来，Leetcode就可以

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总结

链表有思路，但不会用python写，707很全面