Hibernate

这篇博客介绍了Hibernate ORM框架的使用,包括配置核心文件hibernate.cfg.xml,添加依赖,创建实体类和映射文件,以及进行CRUD操作。通过示例展示了如何连接数据库、操作对象并提交事务。
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一,Hibernate介紹:

**
什么是ORM ORM(Object/Relational Mapping):对象/关系映射
是通过使用描述对象和数据库之间映射的数据,将java程序中的对象自动持久化到关系数据库中 ,本质上就是将数据从一种形式转换到另外一种形式**

实现约束

1, 在resource目录下添加hibernate.cfg.xml(核心配置文件),引入hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd约束(注意mysql版本一致)
2,添加实体类映射文件,引入hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd约束
1,对框架核心配置文件进行建模
2,获取sessionFactory工厂
3,获取session会话
4,开启事物(查询不需要事物)
5,session操作对象
6,提交事物(查询不需要事物) 7,关闭事物

1.pom.xml中添加依赖

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>mjx_id</groupId>
  <artifactId>mjx_hibernate</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>mjx_hibernate Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
		<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
		<junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
		<servlet.version>4.0.0</servlet.version>
		<hibernate.version>5.3.0.Final</hibernate.version>
		<mysql.driver.version>8.0.19</mysql.driver.version>
	</properties>
  <dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>junit</groupId>
			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
			<version>${junit.version}</version>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
			<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
			<version>${servlet.version}</version>
			<scope>provided</scope>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
			<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
			<version>${hibernate.version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>mysql</groupId>
			<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
			<version>${mysql.driver.version}</version>
		</dependency>
  </dependencies>
  <build>
    <finalName>mjx_hibernate</finalName>
  </build>
</project>
**找到图中两个dtd文件并且外部引用**

在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述
添加hibernate.cfg.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
//这里是引入上图dtd文件约束
	"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
	"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
	<hibernate-configuration>
	<session-factory>
		<!-- 1. 数据库相关5.7 -->
<!-- 		<property name="connection.username">root</property> -->
<!-- 		<property name="connection.password">123456</property> -->
<!-- 		<property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://47.100.191.44:3308/lx?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8</property> -->
<!-- 		<property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property> -->
		<!-- 1. 数据库相关8.0 -->
		<property name="connection.username">root</property>
		<property name="connection.password">123456</property>
		<property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf8&amp;serverTimezone=GMT&amp;useSSL=true</property>
		<property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver</property>
		<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
		<!-- <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle10gDialect</property> -->

		<!-- 配置本地事务(No CurrentSessionContext configured!-->
		<property name="hibernate.current_session_context_class">thread</property>

		<!-- 2. 调试相关 -->
		<property name="show_sql">true</property>
		<property name="format_sql">true</property>
		<!-- 配置映射文件 -->
		<mapping resource="com/mjx/entity/User.hbm.xml" />

		<!-- 主键生成策略 -->
<!-- 		<mapping resource="com/zking/two/entity/Student.hbm.xml" /> -->
<!-- 		<mapping resource="com/zking/two/entity/Worker.hbm.xml" /> -->

		<!-- 一对多 -->
<!-- 		<mapping resource="com/zking/four/entity/Order.hbm.xml" /> -->
<!-- 		<mapping resource="com/zking/four/entity/OrderItem.hbm.xml" /> -->
		<!-- 一对多的自关联 -->
<!-- 		<mapping resource="com/zking/five/entity/TreeNode.hbm.xml" /> -->

		<!-- 多对多 -->
<!-- 		<mapping resource="com/zking/five/entity/Category.hbm.xml" /> -->
<!-- 		<mapping resource="com/zking/five/entity/Book.hbm.xml" /> -->
	</session-factory>
	</hibernate-configuration>

建实体类

package com.mjx.entity;

import java.sql.Date;
import java.sql.Timestamp;

public class User {
	private  int id;
	private String userName;
	private String userPwd;
	private String realName;
	private String sex;
	private Date birthday;
	private Timestamp createDatetime;
	private String remark;
	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getUsreName() {
		return userName;
	}
	public void setUsreName(String usreName) {
		this.userName = usreName;
	}
	public String getUserPwd() {
		return userPwd;
	}
	public void setUserPwd(String userPwd) {
		this.userPwd = userPwd;
	}
	public String getRealName() {
		return realName;
	}
	public void setRealName(String realName) {
		this.realName = realName;
	}
	public String getSex() {
		return sex;
	}
	public void setSex(String sex) {
		this.sex = sex;
	}
	public Date getBirthday() {
		return birthday;
	}
	public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
		this.birthday = birthday;
	}
	public Timestamp getCreateDatetime() {
		return createDatetime;
	}
	public void setCreateDatetime(Timestamp createDatetime) {
		this.createDatetime = createDatetime;
	}
	public String getRemark() {
		return remark;
	}
	public void setRemark(String remark) {
		this.remark = remark;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "User [id=" + id + ", usreName=" + userName + ", userPwd=" + userPwd + ", realName=" + realName
				+ ", sex=" + sex + ", birthday=" + birthday + ", createDatetime=" + createDatetime + ", remark="
				+ remark + "]";
	}
	

}

建实体类对应的映射文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
    <hibernate-mapping>
    //类名对应的表
	<class name="com.mjx.entity.User" table="t_hibernate_user">
	//属性对应的表的列名
		<id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer" column="id">
			<generator class="increment" />
		</id>
		<property name="userName" type="java.lang.String" column="user_name">
		</property>
		<property name="userPwd" type="java.lang.String" column="user_pwd">
		</property>
		<property name="realName" type="java.lang.String" column="real_name">
		</property>
		<property name="sex" type="java.lang.String" column="sex">
		</property>
		<property name="birthday" type="java.sql.Date" column="birthday">
		</property>
		<property insert="false" update="false" name="createDatetime"
			type="java.sql.Timestamp" column="create_datetime">
		</property>
		<property name="remark" type="java.lang.String" column="remark">
		</property>
	</class>

</hibernate-mapping>

CRUD
//查询

package com.mjx.entity;

import java.sql.Date;
import java.sql.Timestamp;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;

public class Text {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// 1、对框架核心配置文件进行建模
		Configuration configure = new Configuration().configure("/hibernate.cfg.xml");
		// 2、获取sessionFactory工厂
		SessionFactory sessionFactory = configure.buildSessionFactory();
		// 3、获取session会话
		Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
		// 4、开启事务(查询不需要事务)
		Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
		// 5、session操作对象
		//增加
		//新建对象
		User user = new User();
		user.setBirthday(new Date(System.currentTimeMillis()));// 生日
		user.setCreateDatetime(new Timestamp(System.currentTimeMillis()));// 日期时间
		user.setId(12);
		user.setRealName("小明");
		user.setRemark("城市");
		user.setSex("男");
		user.setUsreName("小小");
		user.setUserPwd("123456");
        //增加方法
		session.save(user);
     	//修改
    	//User user = session.get(User.class, 12);
    	//user.setRealName("隔壁老陈");
		//删除
		//方法一:
		//User user = session.get(User.class, 12);
		//session.delete(user);
		//方法二:
		//User user=new User();
		//user.setId(12);
		//session.delete(user);
		// 6、提交事务(查询不需要事务)
		transaction.commit();
		// 7、关闭session
		session.close();

	}
}

在这里插入图片描述
修改删除增加

package com.mjx.entity;

import java.sql.Date;
import java.sql.Timestamp;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;

public class Text {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// 1、对框架核心配置文件进行建模
		Configuration configure = new Configuration().configure("/hibernate.cfg.xml");
		// 2、获取sessionFactory工厂
		SessionFactory sessionFactory = configure.buildSessionFactory();
		// 3、获取session会话
		Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
		// 4、开启事务(查询不需要事务)
		Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
		// 5、session操作对象
		//增加
		//新建对象
		User user = new User();
		user.setBirthday(new Date(System.currentTimeMillis()));// 生日
		user.setCreateDatetime(new Timestamp(System.currentTimeMillis()));// 日期时间
		user.setId(12);
		user.setRealName("小明");
		user.setRemark("城市");
		user.setSex("男");
		user.setUserName("小小");
		user.setUserPwd("123456");
        //增加方法
		session.save(user);
     	//修改
    	//User user = session.get(User.class, 12);
    	//user.setRealName("隔壁老陈");
		//删除
		//方法一:
		//User user = session.get(User.class, 12);
		//session.delete(user);
		//方法二:
		//User user=new User();
		//user.setId(12);
		//session.delete(user);
		// 6、提交事务(查询不需要事务)
		transaction.commit();
		// 7、关闭session
		session.close();

	}
}

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