简明python学习笔记—基本概念

目录

1.字符串

2.字符串与数字转换

3.数字转换为字符串

4.格式化字符串

5.格式化控制符

6.字符串查找

7.字符串替换

8.字符串分割

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1.字符串

普通字符串

'hello world'
"hello world"
'hello "world'
"hello 'world"
"hello \"world"

原始字符串

r'hello \n world'

长字符串

s="""
《早发白帝城》
朝辞白帝彩云间，千里江陵一日还。
两岸猿声啼不住，轻舟已过万重山。
"""
print(r)

2.字符串与数字转换

int("80")
float('80.0')
int('AB',16)

3.数字转换为字符串

主要利用 str() 函数

str(80)
str(True)

4.格式化字符串

i = 32
str_sample = "i * i = {}".format(i * i)
print(str_sample)

str_sample = "i * i = {}".format(i * i)
print(str_sample)

str_sample = "{0} * {0} = {1}".format(i, i * i)
print(str_sample)

str_sample = "{p1} * {p1} = {p2}".format(p1 = i,p2 = i * i)
print(str_sample)

5.格式化控制符

salary = 5834.5678
name = "Tony"
s="{0:s}年龄{1:d}，工资是{2:f}元。".format(name,20,salary)
print(s)

salary = 5834.5678
name = "Tony"
s="{0}年龄{1}，工资是{2:0.2f}元。".format(name,20,salary)
print(s)

salary = 5834.5678
name = "Tony"
s="{0}年龄{1}，工资是{2:G}元。".format(name,20,salary)
print(s)

salary = 5834.5678
name = "Tony"
s="{0}年龄{1}，工资是{2:g}元。".format(name,20,salary)
print(s)

salary = 5834.5678
name = "Tony"
s="{0}年龄{1}，工资是{2:e}元。".format(name,20,salary)
print(s)

salary = 5834.5678
name = "Tony"
s="{0}年龄{1}，工资是{2:E}元。".format(name,20,salary)
print(s)

s="十进制数{0:d}的八进制表示为{0:o}。".format(18)
print(s)

s="十进制数{0:d}的十六进制表示为{0:X}。".format(18)
print(s)

"十进制数{0:d}的十六进制表示为{0:x}。".format(18)
print(s)

6.字符串查找

s = "Hello World"
print(s.find('e'))
print(s.find('l'))
print(s.find('l',4))
print(s.find('l',4,6))

7.字符串替换

s= "AB CD EF GH IJ"
print(s.replace(' ','|',2)) # replace(old, new[,count])
print(s.replace(' ','|'))
print(s.replace(' ','|',1))

8.字符串分割

s= "AB CD EF GH IJ"
print(s.split(' '))
print(s.split(' ',maxsplit = 0))
print(s.split(' ',maxsplit = 1))
print(s.split(' ',maxsplit = 2))