文章目录
springMVC异常处理机制
如图所示,如果在整个系统开发过程中不设置一个异常处理器,那么每个从dao到service到controller遇到异常的处理方式就是向上抛出,前端控制器接收到异常之后还会向上抛出到前端页面上,这时候如果有设置异常处理器,异常处理器可以对该异常进行相应的处理,比如显示一个相对友好的页面给用户,而不是直接显示错误。
实现步骤
编写异常类和错误页面
自定义异常类:用于存储错误信息
package com.ccp.utils;
public class MyException extends Exception{
private String message;
public MyException(String message) {
this.message = message;
}
@Override
public String getMessage() {
return message;
}
public void setMessage(String message) {
this.message = message;
}
}
错误页面:
注意要放到WEB-INF目录的pages下
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: Administrator
Date: 2018/5/5
Time: 22:28
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" isELIgnored="false" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
${message}
</body>
</html>
自定义异常处理器
package com.ccp.utils;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerExceptionResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class MyExceptionResolver implements HandlerExceptionResolver{
@Override
public ModelAndView resolveException(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
ModelAndView modelAndView=new ModelAndView();
MyException myException=null;
//如果是系统自定义异常则进行转换
if(e instanceof MyException){
myException= (MyException) e;
}
//如果不是则手动创建一个
else {
myException=new MyException("系统正在维护,请联系管理员");
}
//将错误名称传入域中
modelAndView.addObject("message",myException.getMessage());
modelAndView.setViewName("exceptionTest");
return modelAndView;
}
}
最后配置一下该异常处理器
在springMVC.xml中进行配置
控制器代码
这里手动创建一个异常,以模仿真实环境
注意需要将会抛出异常的代码放入trycatch之中,这里如果不抛出我们自定义的Exception,那么会自动创建一个自定义的Exception并且赋值"系统正在维护,请联系管理员"。
public class TestController {
@RequestMapping("saveSession")
public String saveSession(Model model) throws MyException{
User user=new User();
model.addAttribute("username","chen");
model.addAttribute("password",user);
model.addAttribute("age",25);
try {
int i=1/0;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
throw new MyException("出错了!");
}
return "success";
}
SpringMVC传统的文件上传方式
实现步骤
添加依赖jar包
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.example</groupId>
<artifactId>SpringFileUpload</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<name>SpringFileUpload Maven Webapp</name>
<!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
<url>http://www.example.com</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.sun.jersey</groupId>
<artifactId>jersey-core</artifactId>
<version>1.18.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.sun.jersey</groupId>
<artifactId>jersey-client</artifactId>
<version>1.18.1</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>SpringFileUpload</finalName>
<pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
</plugin>
<!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.0</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.22.1</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.2.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.5.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.8.2</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
</build>
</project>
配置文件解析器
这里的maxUploadSize是我们配置的上传文件最大容量
</bean>
<!-- 配置文件上传解析器 --> <bean id="multipartResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<!-- 设置上传文件的最大尺寸为 5MB --> <property name="maxUploadSize"> <value>5242880</value>
</property>
</bean>
定义控制器方法
@RequestMapping("/fileUpload")
public String fileUpload(MultipartFile
uploadFile, HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
//获取到uploads文件夹地址
String path = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/uploads/");
//如果uploads文件夹存在则创建一个新文件,不存在则创建该文件夹
File file = new File(path);
if (!file.exists()) {
file.mkdirs();
}
//获得原始文件名
String fileName = uploadFile.getOriginalFilename();
//获得随机名称
String randomName = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", "");
//将上传过去的文件名改为随机生成的文件名
fileName = randomName + "_" + fileName;
uploadFile.transferTo(new File(path, fileName));
return "success";
}
前端代码
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: cc
Date: 2021/5/29
Time: 19:07
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/fileUpload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
名称:<input type="text" name="picname"/><br/>
图片:<input type="file" name="uploadFile"/><br/>
<input type="submit" value="上传"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
这里有一点需要注意
最后上传到的地址为
F:\studyProject\SpringFileUpload\target\SpringFileUpload\uploads
spring过滤器
步骤
自定义拦截器
需要实现 HandlerInterceptor 接口,重写其中方法, preHandle是在控制器执行之前执行, postHandle是在控制器执行之后执行, afterCompletion是在控制器返回的页面加载完成之后执行。如果这里的preHandle返回值返回fa’lse,那么就不会放行,后面的代码就不会执行了。
package com.cpj.controller.utils;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class HandlerInterceptorDemo1 implements HandlerInterceptor {
@Override
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
System.out.println("1前置方法执行");
return true;
}
@Override
public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
System.out.println("1后置方法执行");
}
@Override
public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {
System.out.println("1页面加载结束执行");
}
}
配置拦截器
这里是配置了两个拦截器
<!-- 配置拦截器 -->
<mvc:interceptors>
<mvc:interceptor>
<mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
<bean id="handlerInterceptorDemo1"
class="com.cpj.controller.utils.HandlerInterceptorDemo1"></bean>
</mvc:interceptor>
<mvc:interceptor>
<mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
<bean id="handlerInterceptorDemo2"
class="com.cpj.controller.utils.HandlerInterceptorDemo2"></bean>
</mvc:interceptor>
</mvc:interceptors>
控制器
执行成功后页面
运行结果
可以看到如果有多个拦截器它的执行顺序是这样的
先执行拦截器1的preHandle,然后执行拦截器2的preHandle,然后控制器,然后拦截器二的postHandle,然后拦截器一的postHandle,然后页面渲染成功,然后执行拦截器2的afterCompletion,最后拦截器1的afterCompletion