使用scrapy框架爬取桌面背景图片，Python高级架构进阶之数据传输与序列化

- or raise IgnoreRequest: process_exception() methods of

installed downloader middleware will be called

return None

def process_response(self, request, response, spider):

Called with the response returned from the downloader.

Must either;

- return a Response object

- return a Request object

- or raise IgnoreRequest

return response

def process_exception(self, request, exception, spider):

Called when a download handler or a process_request()

(from other downloader middleware) raises an exception.

Must either:

- return None: continue processing this exception

- return a Response object: stops process_exception() chain

- return a Request object: stops process_exception() chain

pass

def spider_opened(self, spider):

spider.logger.info(‘Spider opened: %s’ % spider.name)

settings.py

-- coding: utf-8 --

Scrapy settings for zol2 project

For simplicity, this file contains only settings considered important or

commonly used. You can find more settings consulting the documentation:

https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html

https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html

https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html

BOT_NAME = ‘zol2’

SPIDER_MODULES = [‘zol2.spiders’]

NEWSPIDER_MODULE = ‘zol2.spiders’

Crawl responsibly by identifying yourself (and your website) on the user-agent

USER_AGENT = ‘Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/73.0.3683.75 Safari/537.36’

Obey robots.txt rules

ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = True

Configure maximum concurrent requests performed by Scrapy (default: 16)

#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 32

Configure a delay for requests for the same website (default: 0)

See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html#download-delay

See also autothrottle settings and docs

DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 0.5

The download delay setting will honor only one of:

#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN = 16

#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_IP = 16

Disable cookies (enabled by default)

#COOKIES_ENABLED = False

Disable Telnet Console (enabled by default)

#TELNETCONSOLE_ENABLED = False

Override the default request headers:

#DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {

‘Accept’: ‘text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,/;q=0.8’,

‘Accept-Language’: ‘en’,

#}

Enable or disable spider middlewares

See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html

#SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {

‘zol2.middlewares.Zol2SpiderMiddleware’: 543,

#}

Enable or disable downloader middlewares

See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html

#DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {

‘zol2.middlewares.Zol2DownloaderMiddleware’: 543,

#}

Enable or disable extensions

See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/extensions.html

#EXTENSIONS = {

‘scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole’: None,

#}

Configure item pipelines

See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html

ITEM_PIPELINES = {

‘zol2.pipelines.Zol2Pipeline’: 300,

}

IMAGES_STORE = “/home/pyvip/env_spider/zol2/zol2/images”

Enable and configure the AutoThrottle extension (disabled by default)

See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/autothrottle.html

#AUTOTHROTTLE_ENABLED = True

The initial download delay

#AUTOTHROTTLE_START_DELAY = 5

The maximum download delay to be set in case of high latencies

#AUTOTHROTTLE_MAX_DELAY = 60

The average number of requests Scrapy should be sending in parallel to

each remote server

#AUTOTHROTTLE_TARGET_CONCURRENCY = 1.0

Enable showing throttling stats for every response received:

#AUTOTHROTTLE_DEBUG = False

Enable and configure HTTP caching (disabled by default)

See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html#httpcache-middleware-settings

#HTTPCACHE_ENABLED = True

#HTTPCACHE_EXPIRATION_SECS = 0

#HTTPCACHE_DIR = ‘httpcache’

#HTTPCACHE_IGNORE_HTTP_CODES = []

#HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = ‘scrapy.extensions.httpcache.FilesystemCacheStorage’

pazol2.py

-- coding: utf-8 --

import scrapy

from scrapy.linkextractors import LinkExtractor

from scrapy.spiders import CrawlSpider, Rule

from zol2.items import Zol2Item

class Pazol2Spider(CrawlSpider):

name = ‘pazol2’

allowed_domains = [‘desk.zol.com.cn’]

start_urls = [‘http://desk.zol.com.cn/fengjing/1920x1080/’]

front_url = “http://desk.zol.com.cn”

num = 1

rules = (

1.解决翻页

Rule(LinkExtractor(allow=r’/fengjing/1920x1080/[0-1]?[0-9]?.html’), callback=‘parse_album’, follow=True),

2.进入各个图库的每一张图片页

Rule(LinkExtractor(allow=r’/bizhi/\d+\d+\d+.html’, restrict_xpaths=(“//div[@class=‘main’]/ul[@class=‘pic-list2 clearfix’]/li”, “//div[@class=‘photo-list-box’]”)), follow=True),

3.点击各个图片1920*1080按钮，获得html

Rule(LinkExtractor(allow=r’/showpic/1920x1080_\d+_\d+.html’), callback=‘get_img’, follow=True),

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