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目录
一、设计要求
设计一个简易计算器，可以实现基本的四则运算，以及自动获取随机计算式的功能。
实现如下：
二、设计思路
使用GUI编程，即图像用户界面，实现更好的交互，增强软件的实用性。
1、初始化窗体
对所需的组键进行初始化，构建构造方法：
public class Test1 {
public static void main(String []agrs)
{
new Computer();
}
}
class Computer extends JFrame
{
private JTextField FieldOne=new JTextField(5);
private JTextField FieldTwo=new JTextField(5);
private JComboBox<String>Symbol;
private JButton Button_Count;
private JButton Button_GetNumber,Button_GetResult;
private JLabel Tag1,Tag2;
private JTextField AnswerField=new JTextField(10);
private JTextArea Area=new JTextArea(15,15);
private JTextArea RandomArea=new JTextArea(1,1);
private Box box1,box2,box3,box4,box_a;
public Computer()
{
init();
setBounds(300,300,400,320);
setVisible(true);
setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
}
void init()2、功能的实现
主要是通过init（）方法来进行实现，关键是监听器和匿名类的实现，代码有点长：
void init() { final double[] Aanswer = new double[1]; final double[] Result = new double[1]; setTitle("计算器"); setLayout(new FlowLayout()); box1=Box.createHorizontalBox(); box2=Box.createHorizontalBox(); box3=Box.createHorizontalBox(); box4=Box.createVerticalBox(); box_a=Box.createHorizontalBox(); Symbol=new JComboBox<String>(); Symbol.setSelectedIndex(-1); Symbol.addItem("+"); Symbol.addItem("-"); Symbol.addItem("*"); Symbol.addItem("/"); Tag1=new JLabel("点击随机获取计算式"); Button_GetNumber=new JButton("获取"); Button_Count=new JButton("计算"); Button_Count.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { try { int number1 = Integer.parseInt(FieldOne.getText()); int number2 = Integer.parseInt(FieldTwo.getText()); int SymbolNumber= Symbol.getSelectedIndex();//Symbol.getSelectedIndex(); String Symbol="0"; switch (SymbolNumber) { case 0:Symbol="+";break; case 1:Symbol="-";break; case 2:Symbol="*";break; case 3:Symbol="/";break; } Area.append(" "+number1+Symbol+" "+number2+" = "+GetResult(number1,number2,Symbol)+"\n"); } catch (Exception Exp) { int x =JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null,"输入了非法字符！", "检查", JOptionPane.CLOSED_OPTION); } FieldOne.setText(null); FieldTwo.setText(null); } }); Tag2=new JLabel("结果："); Button_GetResult=new JButton("计算校验"); Button_GetResult.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { if(AnswerField.getText().equals("") ){ int x =JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null,"请确认是否输入了答案", "确认", JOptionPane.CLOSED_OPTION); } if(!(AnswerField.getText().equals(""))) { Result[0] = Double.parseDouble((AnswerField.getText())); Area.append(" "+Result[0]); if(Result[0]==Aanswer[0]) { Area.append(" 对了！\n"); } else { Area.append(" 错了！\n"); } RandomArea.setText(null); AnswerField.setText(null); } } }); box1.add(FieldOne); box1.add(Symbol); box1.add(FieldTwo); box1.add(Button_Count); box2.add(Tag1); box2.add(Box.createHorizontalStrut(15)); box2.add(Button_GetNumber); Button_GetNumber.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { if (!(RandomArea.getText().equals(""))) { int x = JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null, "请确认是否输入了计算结果", "确认", JOptionPane.CLOSED_OPTION); } if (RandomArea.getText().equals("")) { int number1 = new Random().nextInt(100 - 1) + 1; int number2 = new Random().nextInt(100 - 1) + 1; String Symbol[] = {"+", "-", "*", "/"}; String symbol = GetRamdom(Symbol); RandomArea.setText(null); RandomArea.append((number1) + " " + symbol + " " + (number2) + " = ?"+"\n"); Aanswer[0] =GetResult(number1,number2,symbol); Area.append(" "+String.valueOf(number1)+" "+symbol+ " "+String.valueOf(number2)+" = " +"\n"); } } }); box3.add(Tag2); box3.add(AnswerField); box3.add(Box.createHorizontalStrut(15)); box3.add(Button_GetResult); box3.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(15)); box_a.add(new JLabel("随机计算式:")); box_a.add(Box.createHorizontalStrut(10)); box_a.add(RandomArea); box4.add(box1); box4.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(15)); box4.add(box2); box4.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(15)); box4.add(box_a); box4.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(15)); box4.add(box3); box4.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(15)); box4.add(Area); add(box4); }
3、布局方式
我主要采用的是Box盒子布局，即把若干的行式布局的容器装进一个盒子，再把四个这样的盒子装进一个列式布局的盒子，最后把所以盒子加到一个大盒子里，把大盒子装进容器中就可以了。
box4.add(box1); box4.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(15)); box4.add(box2); box4.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(15)); box4.add(box_a); box4.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(15)); box4.add(box3); box4.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(15)); box4.add(Area); add(box4);//大盒子添加到容器中
4、简易类方法
编写了两个简单的类方法给匿名类监听器实现基本运算：
public static String GetRamdom (String[] Arry) { Random rand=new Random(); int number=rand.nextInt(Arry.length); return Arry[number]; } public static int GetResult(int x,int y,String symbol) { switch (symbol) { case "+": return x+y; case "-": return x-y; case "*": return x*y; case "/": return x/y; } return 0; }
三、完整代码附录
仅供参考学习使用：
package GUI__Test1; import javax.swing.*; import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.ActionEvent; import java.awt.event.ActionListener; import java.util.Random; public class Test1 { public static void main(String []agrs) { new Computer(); } } class Computer extends JFrame { private JTextField FieldOne=new JTextField(5); private JTextField FieldTwo=new JTextField(5); private JComboBox<String>Symbol; private JButton Button_Count; private JButton Button_GetNumber,Button_GetResult; private JLabel Tag1,Tag2; private JTextField AnswerField=new JTextField(10); private JTextArea Area=new JTextArea(15,15); private JTextArea RandomArea=new JTextArea(1,1); private Box box1,box2,box3,box4,box_a; public Computer() { init(); setBounds(300,300,400,320); setVisible(true); setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE); } void init() { final double[] Aanswer = new double[1]; final double[] Result = new double[1]; setTitle("计算器"); setLayout(new FlowLayout()); box1=Box.createHorizontalBox(); box2=Box.createHorizontalBox(); box3=Box.createHorizontalBox(); box4=Box.createVerticalBox(); box_a=Box.createHorizontalBox(); Symbol=new JComboBox<String>(); Symbol.setSelectedIndex(-1); Symbol.addItem("+"); Symbol.addItem("-"); Symbol.addItem("*"); Symbol.addItem("/"); Tag1=new JLabel("点击随机获取计算式"); Button_GetNumber=new JButton("获取"); Button_Count=new JButton("计算"); Button_Count.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { try { int number1 = Integer.parseInt(FieldOne.getText()); int number2 = Integer.parseInt(FieldTwo.getText()); int SymbolNumber= Symbol.getSelectedIndex();//Symbol.getSelectedIndex(); String Symbol="0"; switch (SymbolNumber) { case 0:Symbol="+";break; case 1:Symbol="-";break; case 2:Symbol="*";break; case 3:Symbol="/";break; } Area.append(" "+number1+Symbol+" "+number2+" = "+GetResult(number1,number2,Symbol)+"\n"); } catch (Exception Exp) { int x =JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null,"输入了非法字符！", "检查", JOptionPane.CLOSED_OPTION); } FieldOne.setText(null); FieldTwo.setText(null); } }); Tag2=new JLabel("结果："); Button_GetResult=new JButton("计算校验"); Button_GetResult.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { if(AnswerField.getText().equals("") ){ int x =JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null,"请确认是否输入了答案", "确认", JOptionPane.CLOSED_OPTION); } if(!(AnswerField.getText().equals(""))) { Result[0] = Double.parseDouble((AnswerField.getText())); Area.append(" "+Result[0]); if(Result[0]==Aanswer[0]) { Area.append(" 对了！\n"); } else { Area.append(" 错了！\n"); } RandomArea.setText(null); AnswerField.setText(null); } } }); box1.add(FieldOne); box1.add(Symbol); box1.add(FieldTwo); box1.add(Button_Count); box2.add(Tag1); box2.add(Box.createHorizontalStrut(15)); box2.add(Button_GetNumber); Button_GetNumber.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { if (!(RandomArea.getText().equals(""))) { int x = JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null, "请确认是否输入了计算结果", "确认", JOptionPane.CLOSED_OPTION); } if (RandomArea.getText().equals("")) { int number1 = new Random().nextInt(100 - 1) + 1; int number2 = new Random().nextInt(100 - 1) + 1; String Symbol[] = {"+", "-", "*", "/"}; String symbol = GetRamdom(Symbol); RandomArea.setText(null); RandomArea.append((number1) + " " + symbol + " " + (number2) + " = ?"+"\n"); Aanswer[0] =GetResult(number1,number2,symbol); Area.append(" "+String.valueOf(number1)+" "+symbol+ " "+String.valueOf(number2)+" = " +"\n"); } } }); box3.add(Tag2); box3.add(AnswerField); box3.add(Box.createHorizontalStrut(15)); box3.add(Button_GetResult); box3.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(15)); box_a.add(new JLabel("随机计算式:")); box_a.add(Box.createHorizontalStrut(10)); box_a.add(RandomArea); box4.add(box1); box4.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(15)); box4.add(box2); box4.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(15)); box4.add(box_a); box4.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(15)); box4.add(box3); box4.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(15)); box4.add(Area); add(box4); } public static String GetRamdom (String[] Arry) { Random rand=new Random(); int number=rand.nextInt(Arry.length); return Arry[number]; } public static int GetResult(int x,int y,String symbol) { switch (symbol) { case "+": return x+y; case "-": return x-y; case "*": return x*y; case "/": return x/y; } return 0; } }
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