Swing JFrame组件学习

1.窗口、面板

package myjfraem;

import javax.swing.*;

public class JFrameDemo {
    //init();初始化
    public void init(){
        //顶级窗口
        JFrame frame=new JFrame("这是一个jframe窗口");
        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.setBounds(100,100,300,300);

        //设置文字
        JLabel jLabel=new JLabel("欢迎来到我的第一个jframe窗口",SwingConstants.CENTER);

        frame.add(jLabel);
        //容器实例化

        //关闭事件
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //启动
        new JFrameDemo().init();
    }
}

设置标签（JLabel）居中

package myjfraem;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JFrameDemo02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyJfame02().init();
    }
}
class MyJfame02 extends JFrame{
    public void init(){
        this.setBounds(100,100,300,300);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        //SwingConstants.CENTER 文本居中显示。
        JLabel jLabel=new JLabel("欢迎来到我的第一个jframe窗口",SwingConstants.CENTER);
        //文本居中
        jLabel.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
        this.add(jLabel);

        //获得一个容器
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        contentPane.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
    }
}

2.弹窗

jDialog，用来被弹出，默认就有关闭

package myjfraem;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

//主窗口
public class DialogDemo extends JFrame {
    public DialogDemo()  {
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(700,600);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        //JFrame 放东西，容器
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        //绝对布局
        contentPane.setLayout(null);

        //按钮
        JButton jButton = new JButton("点击弹出一个对话框");//创建
        jButton.setBounds(30,30,200,50);

        //点击按钮时弹出弹窗
        jButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {//监听器
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                //弹窗
                new MyDialogDemo();
            }
        });

        contentPane.add(jButton);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new DialogDemo();
    }
}
//弹窗的窗口
class MyDialogDemo extends JDialog{
    public MyDialogDemo() {
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,500,500);
        //JDialog关闭只能用DO_ONTHING,HIDE,DISPOSE三个中的一个
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);

        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        contentPane.setLayout(null);

        JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("JAVA JFrame学习", SwingConstants.CENTER);
        jLabel.setBounds(30,30,500,50);
        contentPane.add(jLabel);

    }
}

3.标签

Label

new JLabel("")

图标Icon（用Java自带方法绘制一个）

package myjfraem;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

//图标，需要实现类，JFrame继承
public class IconDemo extends JFrame implements Icon {
    private int width;
    private int hight;

    public IconDemo(){ }//无参构造
    public IconDemo(int width,int hight){
        this.width=width;
        this.hight=hight;
    }
    public void init(){
        IconDemo iconDemo = new IconDemo(15, 15);
        //图标放在标签，也可以放在按钮上
        JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("ICONtest",iconDemo,SwingConstants.CENTER);

        Container contentPane = getContentPane();
        contentPane.add(jLabel);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new IconDemo().init();
    }

    @Override
    public void paintIcon(Component c, Graphics g, int x, int y) {
        g.fillOval(x,y,width,hight);
    }

    @Override
    public int getIconWidth() {
        return this.width;
    }

    @Override
    public int getIconHeight() {
        return this.hight;
    }
}

图片Icon

package myjfraem;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class ImageIconDemo extends JFrame {
    public ImageIconDemo(){
        //获取图片的地址
        JLabel label=new JLabel("ImageIcon");
        //图片直接放在包下可以直接引用相对地址，也可以直接写绝对地址
        URL resource = ImageIconDemo.class.getResource("tx.jpg");

        ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(resource);
        label.setIcon(imageIcon);
        label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);

        Container contentPane = getContentPane();
        contentPane.add(label);

        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(100,100,500,500);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);

    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new ImageIconDemo();
    }
}

4.面板

JPanel

package myjfraem;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JPannelDemo extends JFrame {
    public JPannelDemo() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        container.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1,10,10));//后面参数是指间距

        JPanel jPanel1 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,3));
        JPanel jPanel2 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,2));
        JPanel jPanel3 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2,1));
        JPanel jPanel4 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(3,2));

        container.add(jPanel1);
        container.add(jPanel2);
        container.add(jPanel3);
        container.add(jPanel4);

        jPanel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        jPanel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        jPanel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        jPanel2.add(new JButton("2"));
        jPanel2.add(new JButton("2"));
        jPanel3.add(new JButton("3"));
        jPanel3.add(new JButton("3"));
        jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JPannelDemo();
    }
}

JScroll(带滚动条)

package myjfraem;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
    public JScrollDemo() {
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();

        //文本域
        JTextArea jTextArea = new JTextArea(20, 50);
        jTextArea.setText("这是一个文本域");

        //Scroll面板
        JScrollPane jScrollPane = new JScrollPane(jTextArea);
        contentPane.add(jScrollPane);

        contentPane.add(jTextArea);


        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,400,450);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
    }



    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JScrollDemo();
    }
}

5.按钮

图片按钮

package myjfraem;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class JButtonDemo extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo() {
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        //将一个图片变为一个图标
        URL resource = JButtonDemo.class.getResource("tx.jpg");
        Icon icon = new ImageIcon(resource);

        //把这个图标放在按钮上
        JButton button = new JButton();
        button.setIcon(icon);
        button.setToolTipText("image按钮");

        contentPane.add(button);

        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(100,100,100,100);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo();
    }
}

单选按钮

package myjfraem;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JButtonDemo02 extends JFrame {

    public JButtonDemo02() {
        Container contentPane = getContentPane();

        //单选框
        JRadioButton jrb1 = new JRadioButton("jrb1");
        JRadioButton jrb2 = new JRadioButton("jrb2");
        JRadioButton jrb3 = new JRadioButton("jrb3");

        //由于单选框只能选择一个，分组,一个组中只可以选择一个
        ButtonGroup buttonGroup = new ButtonGroup();
        buttonGroup.add(jrb1);
        buttonGroup.add(jrb2);
        buttonGroup.add(jrb3);

        contentPane.add(jrb1,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        contentPane.add(jrb2,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        contentPane.add(jrb3,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(100,100,300,300);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo02();
    }
}

复选按钮

package myjfraem;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JButtonDemo03 extends JFrame {

    public JButtonDemo03() {
        Container contentPane = getContentPane();

        //多选框
        Checkbox checkbox01 = new Checkbox("checkbox01");
        Checkbox checkbox02 = new Checkbox("checkbox02");

        contentPane.add(checkbox01,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        contentPane.add(checkbox02,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(100,100,300,300);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo03();
    }
}

6.列表

下拉框

package myjfraem;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestCombobosxDemo extends JFrame {
    public TestCombobosxDemo()  {
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();

        JComboBox status = new JComboBox();

        status.addItem(null);
        status.addItem("第一");
        status.addItem("第二");
        status.addItem("第三");

        contentPane.add(status);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,20,100);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);


    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestCombobosxDemo();
    }
}

列表框

package myjfraem;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.Vector;

public class TestCombobosxDemo02 extends JFrame {
    public TestCombobosxDemo02()  {
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();

        //生成列表内容
        //String[] cont={"1","2","3"};
        Vector cont = new Vector();
        cont.add("123");
        cont.add("1234");
        cont.add("12345");
        //列表中需要放入的内容
        
        JList list = new JList(cont);
        
        contentPane.add(list);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,20,100);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);


    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestCombobosxDemo02();
    }
}

应用场景

选择地区或者一些单个选项，

列表，展示信息，一般是动态展示。

7.文本框

文本框

package myjfraem;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestTestDemo extends JFrame {
    public TestTestDemo() {
        Container contentPane = getContentPane();

        contentPane.setLayout(null);//锁定布局

        JTextField jTextField1 = new JTextField("hello");
        JTextField jTextField2 = new JTextField("world",20);

        contentPane.add(jTextField1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        contentPane.add(jTextField2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(100,100,100,100);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestTestDemo();
    }
}

密码框

package myjfraem;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestTestDemo02 extends JFrame {
    public TestTestDemo02() {
        Container contentPane = getContentPane();

        //文本域尽量使用面板
        JPasswordField jPasswordField = new JPasswordField();
        jPasswordField.setEchoChar('*');
        
        contentPane.add(jPasswordField);

        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(100,100,100,100);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestTestDemo02();
    }
}

文本域

package myjfraem;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestTestDemo03 extends JFrame {
    public TestTestDemo03(){
        Container contentPane = getContentPane();

        JTextArea jTextArea = new JTextArea();
        jTextArea.setText("12345679");

        JScrollPane jScrollPane = new JScrollPane(jTextArea);
        contentPane.add(jScrollPane);


        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(100,101,100,100);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestTestDemo03();
    }
}