【无标题】JavaWeb

1.创建JavaWeb

文件-->设置-->Maven

要设置不然TomCat配置里面找不到.war

1.1在main-->java下创建HelloServlet.java文件与GetServletContext.java

package com01;
//HelloServlet.java文件
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
​
public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
​
        //context是凌驾于一切Servlet之上
        ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();
​
        String username1="CZY";
        context.setAttribute("username",username1);//将数据保存在ServletContext中，名字为username，值为username1
​
    }
​
    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}
​

package com01;
//GetServletContext.java文件
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
​
public class GetServletContext extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();//获得context
        String username = String.valueOf(context.getAttribute ("username"));
​
        resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.setContentType("text/html");
        resp.getWriter().print("名字："+username);
    }
​
    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}
​

1.2想运行还需要配置.xml文件

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
<web-app>
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
​
    [在localhost:8080/s2/Hello运行]
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>helloServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com01.HelloServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>helloServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/Hello</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
​
    [在localhost:8080/s2/get运行]
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>GetServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com01.GetServletContext</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>GetServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/get</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
​

2.response

package com01;
​
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
​
public class FileServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
//        1.获取下载文件路径
        String realPath = "D:\\JAVA\\JavaWeb\\Web02-Test01\\response\\target\\classes\\a.jpg";
        System.out.println("下载文件路径："+realPath);
//        2.文件名
        String fileName = realPath.substring(realPath.lastIndexOf("\\") + 1);
//        3.让浏览器支持下载        URLEncoder.encode(fileName,"UTF-8")产生中文编码
            resp.setHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename="+ URLEncoder.encode(fileName,"UTF-8"));
//            4.获取下载文件输入流
        FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(realPath);
//        5.创建缓冲区
        int len=0;
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
//        6.获取outputStream
        ServletOutputStream out = resp.getOutputStream();
//        7.将FileInputStream写入buffer缓冲区，outputStream输出到客户端
        while((len=in.read(buffer))!=-1)
        {
            out.write(buffer);
        }
        in.close();
        out.close();
​
    }
​
    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}
​

产生验证码

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Random;
​
public class 验证码 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //让浏览器5秒自动刷新
        resp.setHeader("refresh","3");
​
        //在内存中创建图片
        BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(80, 20, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
​
        //得到图片
        //获得笔
        Graphics2D g = (Graphics2D) image.getGraphics();
        //设置图片背景颜色
        g.setColor(Color.white);
        //填充矩形 位置
        g.fillRect(0,0,80,20);
​
        //图片写数据
        g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
        g.setFont(new Font(null,Font.BOLD,20));
        g.drawString(makeNum(),0,20);
​
        //告诉浏览器，请求用图片的方式打开
        resp.setContentType("image/jpeg");
        //不让浏览器缓存
        resp.setDateHeader("expires",-1);
        resp.setHeader("Cache-Control","no-cache");
        resp.setHeader("Pragma","no-cache");
​
        //把图片写给浏览器
        ImageIO.write(image,"jpg",resp.getOutputStream());
    }
​
    private String makeNum()
    {
        Random random = new Random();
        String num=random.nextInt(9999999)+"";
        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
        for(int i=0;i<7-num.length();i++)
        {
            sb.append("0");
        }
        num=sb.toString()+num;
        return num;
    }
​
    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

重定向

resp.sendRedirect("/is/image"); 【网址栏会发生变化】

获取参数

在jsp文件里
<%--action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/request"可以获取位置--%>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/request" method="get">

package com01;
​
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
​
public class RequestTest extends HttpServlet {
​
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //getParameter是获取参数的意思
        String username = req.getParameter("username");
        String password = req.getParameter("password");
        resp.getWriter().print(username+":"+password);
    }
​
    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        super.doPost(req, resp);
    }
}

Cookie使用

cookie是服务器给客户端的“信“，可存储 键-值数据

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Date;
​
public class CookieDemo extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        resp.setContentType("text/html");
        req.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        resp.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
​
​
        PrintWriter out = resp.getWriter();
​
        //从请求里获得cookie
        Cookie[] cookies = req.getCookies();
​
        //判断cookie是否存在
        if(cookies!=null)
        {
            out.write("上一次访问时间:");
​
            for (Cookie cookie : cookies) {
                if(cookie.getName().equals("time"))
                {
                    long value = Long.parseLong(cookie.getValue());
                    Date date = new Date(value);
                    out.write(date.toLocaleString());
                }
            }
​
        }else {
            out.write("第一次访问:");
        }
​
        //服务器给客户端响应一个cookie
        Cookie cookie = new Cookie("time", System.currentTimeMillis()+"");
        //保存时间1天
        cookie.setMaxAge(24*60*60);
        resp.addCookie(cookie);
    }
​
    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

session使用

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.io.IOException;

public class sessiontest extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        req.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        resp.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");

        //获得Session
        HttpSession session = req.getSession();

        //给Session存数据
        session.setAttribute("name","CZY");

        //获得ID
        String id = session.getId();
        if(session.isNew())
        {
            resp.getWriter().write("session创建成功,ID:"+id);
        }
        else {
            resp.getWriter().write("第一次");
        }

    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

还可以创建另一个java文件,可以实现跨servlet文件

HttpSession session = req.getSession();
session.getAttribute(名字)	【可以获得值】
session.removeAttribute(名字)		【删除】
session.invalidate(名字)			【关闭session】

<session-config>
		<session-timeout>15</session-timeout>	【15分钟结束】
</session-config>

jsp使用

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>

<%--该页面发生错误时跳转--%>
<%@ page errorPage="error/500.jsp" %>
<html>
<body>
<h2>Hello World!</h2>
<%--弄一个错误的代码--%>
<%
    int num=1/0;
%>


<%--<%= 【java代码，变量或者表达式】%>--%>
<%= new java.util.Date()%>

<%--<%  【java代码】 %>--%>
<%
    int sum=0;
    for(int i=0;i<100;i++)
    {
        sum+=i;
    }
    out.print("<h2>sum="+sum+"</h2>");
%>

<%--<%!  里面放全局变量 %>--%>
<%!
    private int a=0;
%>
</body>
</html>

【设置报错时跳转的页面】
<error-page>
    <error-code>500</error-code>
    <location>/error/500.jsp</location>
  </error-page>

【可以添加相同的网页部分】，页面会合在一起，不能一起用int a;
<%@include file="common/header.jsp">
<h1>页面</h1>
<%@include file="common/footer.jsp">
    
    
方法二：jsp标签,本质还是3个页面
<jsp:include page="/common/header.jsp"/>
<h1>页面</h1>    
<jsp:include page="/common/footer.jsp"/>

在Web2.4之后默认不使用${}，故jsp文件需要加上<%@ page isELIgnored="false" %>

pageContext,request,session,application存储数据的区别

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@ page isELIgnored="false" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>



<%
    pageContext.setAttribute("name1","a1");//保存的数据只在一个页面中有效
    request.setAttribute("name2","a2");//保存的数据只在请求中有效
    session.setAttribute("name3","a3");//保存的数据只在一次会话中存在，打开到关闭浏览器
    application.setAttribute("name4","a4");//最高，打开服务器关闭服务器
%>

<%--用pageContext找--%>
    <%
        String name1 = (String) pageContext.findAttribute("name1");
        String name2 = (String) pageContext.findAttribute("name2");
        String name3 = (String) pageContext.findAttribute("name3");
        String name4 = (String) pageContext.findAttribute("name4");
        String name5 = (String) pageContext.findAttribute("name5");
    %>
    <h1><%=name1%></h1>
    <h1>${name2}</h1>
    <h1>${name3}</h1>
    <h1>${name4}</h1>
    <h1>${name5}</h1>

<%
    【跳转页面】
    pageContext.forward("/index.jsp");
%>
</body>
</html>

跳转页面传递参数

【传递页面】
<jsp:forward page="shou.jsp">
    <jsp:param name="name" value="小橙"></jsp:param>
    <jsp:param name="age" value="18"></jsp:param>
</jsp:forward>
【被传递页面】获取参数
<%
    response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
%>
   名字： <%=request.getParameter("name")%>
    <br>
    年龄：<%=request.getParameter("age")%>

使用JSTL核心标签必须加上<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="Oracle Java Technologies | Oracle" %>t

<c:if test="${param.username=='admin'}" var="isAdmin">
    <c:out value="欢迎你"></c:out>
</c:if>

<c:out value="${isAdmin}"></c:out>


<c:if test="${判断条件}" var="isAdmin">
    【成功就执行下面】
    <c:out value="欢迎你"></c:out>
</c:if>

<c:out value="${isAdmin}"></c:out>

<%--定义一个变量score，值为85--%>
<c:set var="score" value="85"></c:set>

<%--进行选择，判断--%>
<c:choose>
    <c:when test="${score>90}">
        优秀
    </c:when>

    <c:when test="${score>80}">
        良好
    </c:when>
</c:choose>

<c:forEach var="people" items="${list}" begin="1" end="3" step="2">
    <c:out value="${people}"></c:out>
</c:forEach>

<c:forEach var="自定义变量" items="${要遍历的}"  begin="开始" end="末尾" step="自增数量">
    <c:out value="${自定义变量}"></c:out>
</c:forEach>

useBean使用

People类需要写get,set函数

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: DELL
  Date: 2022/5/11
  Time: 17:53
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<%--useBean类似new People();--%>
    <jsp:useBean id="p" class="com01.People" scope="page"></jsp:useBean>
​
<%--设置属性--%>
    <jsp:setProperty name="p" property="age" value="12"></jsp:setProperty>
    <jsp:setProperty name="p" property="name" value="小橙"></jsp:setProperty>
​
<%--获得属性--%>
    姓名：<jsp:getProperty name="p" property="name"/>
    年龄：<jsp:getProperty name="p" property="age"/>
</body>
</html>

MVC

过滤器

在xml中配置

<filter>
  <filter-name>hello1</filter-name>
  <filter-class>com01.FilterTest</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
  <filter-name>hello1</filter-name>
  <url-pattern>/hello</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

package com01;
​
import javax.servlet.*;
import java.io.IOException;
​
public class FilterTest implements Filter {
    @Override
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
        System.out.println("初始化");
    }
​
    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        servletRequest.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        servletResponse.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        servletResponse.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
​
        System.out.println("执行前");
        filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest,servletResponse);
        System.out.println("执行后");
    }
​
    @Override
    public void destroy() {
        System.out.println("销毁了");
    }
}

监听器

先配置xml

<listener>
  <listener-class>com01.ListenTest</listener-class>
</listener>

package com01;
​
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import java.io.IOException;
​
public class ListenTest extends HttpServlet implements HttpSessionListener{
    @Override
    public void sessionCreated(HttpSessionEvent se) {
        ServletContext context = se.getSession().getServletContext();
        Integer onlineCount = (Integer) context.getAttribute("OnlineCount");
​
        if(onlineCount==null)
        {
            onlineCount=1;
        }else{
            onlineCount++;
        }
        context.setAttribute("OnlineCount",onlineCount);
    }
​
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
       resp.getWriter().write( this.getServletContext().getAttribute("onlineCount").toString());
    }
​
    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
​
    @Override
    public void sessionDestroyed(HttpSessionEvent se) {
​
    }
}