基于Spring的策略模式

场景

小明出去旅游，他可以选择坐飞机、坐火车、骑自行车三种方式

实现

• 定义一个旅行方式的枚举类

public enum TravelTypeEnum {
    //飞机
    AIRPLANE,
    //火车
    TRAIN,
    //自行车
    BICYCLE,
    ;
}

• 定义一个旅行方式的接口

public interface TravelStrategy {
    /**
     * 获取策略类型
     *
     * @return 结果
     */
    TravelTypeEnum getStrategyType();

    /**
     * 具体的策略算法
     */
    void strategyAlgorithm();
}

• 编写具体实现方式类，并注入spring容器

@Component
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

public class AirPlanelStrategy implements TravelStrategy {
    @Override
    public TravelTypeEnum getStrategyType() {
        return TravelTypeEnum.AIRPLANE;
    }

    @Override
    public void strategyAlgorithm() {
        System.out.println("坐飞机去旅行.....");
    }
}

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class TrainStrategy implements TravelStrategy {
    @Override
    public TravelTypeEnum getStrategyType() {
        return TravelTypeEnum.TRAIN;
    }

    @Override
    public void strategyAlgorithm() {
        System.out.println("坐火车去旅行.....");
    }
}

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class BicycleStrategy implements TravelStrategy {
    @Override
    public TravelTypeEnum getStrategyType() {
        return TravelTypeEnum.BICYCLE;
    }

    @Override
    public void strategyAlgorithm() {
        System.out.println("骑自行车去旅行.....");
    }
}

• 编写一个环境类，用来调度策略

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

@Component
public class PersonContext {

    /**
     * 存放所有策略类
     */
    private final Map<TravelTypeEnum, TravelStrategy> travelMap;

    /**
     * 通过spring自动注入所有策略类
     * 再以策略类型为key，对应的具体策略类为value存放到map中
     */
    @Autowired
    public PersonContext(List<TravelStrategy> travelStrategies) {
        travelMap = new HashMap<>(travelStrategies.size());
        for (TravelStrategy travelStrategy : travelStrategies) {
            travelMap.put(travelStrategy.getStrategyType(), travelStrategy);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 传入具体类型，调用具体策略算法
     *
     * @param travelType 策略类型
     */
    public void travel(TravelTypeEnum travelType) {
        travelMap.get(travelType).strategyAlgorithm();
    }

}

• 测试类

import com.yxs.demo.strategy.PersonContext;
import com.yxs.demo.strategy.TravelTypeEnum;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;

@SpringBootTest
class DemoApplicationTests {
	@Autowired
    PersonContext personContext;

    @Test
    void testSpringStrategy() {
        //坐飞机
        personContext.travel(TravelTypeEnum.AIRPLANE);
        //坐火车
        personContext.travel(TravelTypeEnum.TRAIN);
        //骑自行车
        personContext.travel(TravelTypeEnum.BICYCLE);
    }
}

• 执行结果

坐飞机去旅行.....
坐火车去旅行.....
骑自行车去旅行.....