图书管理系统设计

图书管理系统

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNING
#include"stdio.h"
#include"stdlib.h"
#include"string.h"
#include<list>
using namespace std;
//3.数据的设计
	//3.1用什么程序处理数据（关键）  用数组或者链表 简单的说就是容器 存放数据
	//3,2数据的结构---->图书的信息
struct bookInfo
{
	char name[20];
	//char version[20]
	float price;//书籍的价格
	int num;//书的数量
};
struct Node
{
	struct bookInfo data;
	struct Node* next;
};
struct Node* listBook = NULL;
//创建表头:表头就是结构体变量

//要完成完整的图书馆系统 还需要里一部分：用户信息
struct student
{
	char name[10];
	char tel[20];
	int curNum;
	struct bookInfo userBook[3];
};
list<student>myList;

struct Node* createHead()
{
	//动态内存申请
	struct Node* headNode = (struct Node*)malloc(sizeof(struct Node));
	//变量的基本规则 ：使用前必须初始化0;
	headNode->next = NULL;//初始化
	return headNode;
}


//创建节点：为插入做准备
//把用户的数据变为结构体变量
struct Node* createNode(struct bookInfo data)
{
	struct Node* newNode = (struct Node*)malloc(sizeof(struct Node));
	newNode->data = data;
	newNode->next = NULL;
	return newNode;
}
//插入：只需要一种插入方式
void insertNodeByHead(struct Node* headNode, struct bookInfo data)
{
	struct Node* newNode = createNode(data);
	//必须先连接 后断开
	newNode->next = headNode->next;
	headNode->next = newNode;
}

//表尾插入
//void insertNodeByTail(struct Node* headNode, struct bookInfo data)
//{
//	struct Node* pMove = headNode;
//	while (pMove->next != NULL)
//	{
//		pMove = pMove->next;
//	}
//	struct Node* newNode = createNode(data);
//	pMove->next = newNode;
//}

//指定位置删除   画图标指针
//posLeftNode->next=posNode->next
//free(posNode)
void deleteNodeByName(struct Node* headNode, char *bookName)
{
	struct Node* posLeftNode = headNode;
	struct Node* posNode = headNode->next;
	//书籍名字是字符串，所以要采用字符串比较函数
	while (posNode != NULL && strcmp(posNode->data.name,bookName))
	{
		posLeftNode = posNode;
		posNode = posLeftNode->next;
	}
	if (posNode == NULL)
		return;
	else
	{
		printf("删除成功！\n");
		posLeftNode->next = posNode->next;
		free(posNode);//posNode成为了野指针
		posNode = NULL;//把野指针变为空指针
	}
}

struct Node* searchByName(struct Node* headNode, char * bookName)
{
	struct Node* posNode = headNode->next;
	while (posNode != NULL && strcmp(posNode->data.name, bookName))//这个地方的代码不是太明白
	{
		posNode = posNode->next;
	}
	return posNode;
}

void printlistBook(struct Node* headNode)
{
	struct Node* pMove = headNode->next;
	printf("书名\t价格\t数量\n");
	while (pMove!=NULL)
	{
		printf("%s\t%.1f\t%d\n", pMove->data.name,pMove->data.price,pMove->data.num);
		pMove = pMove->next;
	}
	printf("\n");
}

//1.写界面---》菜单--》模块
void makeMenu()
{
	printf("------------------------------------------------\n");
	printf("	河南大学图书管理系统\n");
	printf("\t0.退出系统\n");
	printf("\t1.登记书籍\n");
	printf("\t2.浏览书籍\n"); 
	printf("\t3.借阅书籍\n");
	printf("\t4.归还书籍\n");
	printf("\t5.书籍排序\n");
	printf("\t6.删除书籍\n");
	printf("\t7.查找书籍\n");
	printf("------------------------------------------------\n");
	printf("请输入(0~7):");
}
//直接文件操作
//写操作
void saveInfoToFile(const char* fileName, struct Node* headNode)
{
	FILE * fp = fopen(fileName, "w");
	struct Node* pMove = headNode->next;
	while (pMove != NULL)
	{
		fprintf(fp, "%s\t%.1f\t%d\n", pMove->data.name, pMove->data.price, pMove->data.num);
		pMove = pMove->next;
	}
	fclose(fp);
}
//文件读操作
//文件读操作
void readInfoFromFile(const char * fileName, struct Node* headNode)
{
	FILE *fp = fopen(fileName, "r");//第一次打开文件肯定是不存在
	if (fp == NULL)
	{
		//不存在就创建出来这个文件
		fp = fopen(fileName, "w+");
	}
	struct bookInfo tempData;
	while (fscanf(fp, "%s\t%f\t%d\n", tempData.name, &tempData.price, &tempData.num) != EOF)
	{
		insertNodeByHead(listBook, tempData);
	}
	fclose(fp);
}
//算法是一种思想
void bubbleSortlistBook(struct Node* headNode)
{
	for (struct Node*p = headNode->next; p != NULL; p = p->next)
	{
		for (struct Node* q = headNode->next; q->next != NULL; q = q->next)
		{
			if (q->data.price > q->next->data.price)
			{
				//交换值
				struct bookInfo tempData = q->data;//tempData相当于一个临时的结构体变量 q->data这个整体也相当于一个结构体变量
				q->data = q->next->data;
				q->next->data = tempData;
			}
		}
	}
}


//2.做交互
void keyDown()
{
	int userKey = 0;
	struct bookInfo tempBook;//产生一个临时的变量存储书籍信息
	struct Node* result = NULL;
	scanf("%d", &userKey);
	switch (userKey)
	{
	case 0:
		printf("【退出】\n");
		printf("退出成功\n");
		system("pause");//退出之前防止闪屏
		exit(0);//关闭掉整合程序
		break;
	case 1:
		printf("【登记】\n");
		printf("输入书籍的信息(name,price,num):");
		scanf("%s%f%d", tempBook.name, &tempBook.price, &tempBook.num);
		insertNodeByHead(listBook, tempBook);
		saveInfoToFile("bookinfo.txt", listBook);
		break;
	case 2:
		printf("【浏览】\n");
		printlistBook(listBook);
		break;
	case 3:
		printf("【借阅】\n");	//书籍存在可以借阅  书籍的总数量-1  不存在借阅失败
		printf("请输入借阅的书籍的名字:");
		scanf("%s", tempBook.name);
		result = searchByName(listBook, tempBook.name);
		if (result == NULL)
		{
			printf("没有相关书籍，无法借阅!\n");
		}
		else
		{
			if (result->data.num > 0)
			{
				result->data.num--;
				printf("借阅成功!\n");
			}
			else
			{
				printf("当前书籍无库存，借阅失败！");
			}
		}
		break;
	case 4:
		printf("【归还】\n");	//当前书籍的数量+1
		printf("请输入归还的书的名字:");
		scanf("%s", tempBook.name);
		result = searchByName(listBook, tempBook.name);
		if (result == NULL)
		{
			printf("该书来源非法!\n");
		}
		else
		{
			result->data.num++;
			printf("书籍归还成功!\n");
		}
		break;
	case 5:
		printf("【排序】\n");
		bubbleSortlistBook(listBook);
		break;
	case 6:
		printf("【删除】\n");
		printf("请输入要删除的 书籍的名字:");
		scanf("%s", tempBook.name);
		deleteNodeByName(listBook, tempBook.name);
		saveInfoToFile("bookinfo.txt", listBook);
		break;
	case 7:
		printf("【查找】\n");
		printf("请输入要查找的书籍名:");
		scanf("%s", tempBook.name);
		result = searchByName(listBook, tempBook.name);
		if (result == NULL)
		{
			printf("未找到相关信息!\n");
		}
		else
		{
			printf("书名\t价格\t数量\n");
			printf("%s\t%.1f\t%d\n", result->data.name, result->data.price, result->data.num);
		}
		break;
	default:
		printf("【error】\n");
		break;
	}
}
int main()
{
	//表头插入法
	/*struct Node* listBook = createHead();
	for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
	{
		insertNodeByHead(listBook, i + 1);
	} 
	printlistBook(listBook);
	deleteNodeByData(listBook, 1);
	printlistBook(listBook);*/

	表尾插入法
	//struct Node* listBook = createHead();
	//insertNodeByTail(listBook, 1);
	//insertNodeByTail(listBook, 2);

	listBook = createHead();
	readInfoFromFile("bookinfo.txt", listBook);
	while (true)
	{
		makeMenu();
		keyDown();
		system("pause");
		system("cls");
	}
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}