再开发JavaWeb中，使用servlet的时候，如果方法过多，需要写出许多相同重复的代码。这样不利用代码的简洁性。
因此我们可以利用xml配置的方式，加上反射技术，可以减少大量重复的代码。
之前我们的代码是这样：代码不仅不美观，也不简洁，这只是一个servlet中的代码，如果多个servlet，重复的代码实在是太多了。
@WebServlet("/fruit.do")
public class FruitServlet extends ViewBaseServlet {
private FruitDAO fruitDAO = new FruitDAOImpl();
@Override
protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//设置编码
request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
String operate = request.getParameter("operate");
if(StringUtil.isEmpty(operate)){
operate = "index" ;
}
switch(operate){
case "index":
index(request,response);
break;
case "add":
add(request,response);
break;
case "del":
del(request,response);
break;
case "edit":
edit(request,response);
break;
case "update":
update(request,response);
break;
default:
throw new RuntimeException("operate值非法!");
}
}
private void update(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//1.设置编码
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
//2.获取参数
String fidStr = request.getParameter("fid");
Integer fid = Integer.parseInt(fidStr);
String fname = request.getParameter("fname");
String priceStr = request.getParameter("price");
int price = Integer.parseInt(priceStr);
String fcountStr = request.getParameter("fcount");
Integer fcount = Integer.parseInt(fcountStr);
String remark = request.getParameter("remark");
//3.执行更新
fruitDAO.updateFruit(new Fruit(fid,fname, price ,fcount ,remark ));
//4.资源跳转
//super.processTemplate("index",request,response);
//request.getRequestDispatcher("index.html").forward(request,response);
//此处需要重定向，目的是重新给IndexServlet发请求，重新获取furitList，然后覆盖到session中，这样index.html页面上显示的session中的数据才是最新的
response.sendRedirect("fruit.do");
}
}
现在我们引入一个前端控制器，利用反射技术，来帮助我们找到所要调用的方法
1.在application中配置bean
<beans>
<!-- 这个bean标签的作用是 将来servletpath中涉及的名字对应的是fruit，那么就要FruitController这个类来处理 -->
<bean id="fruit" class="com.atguigu.fruit.controllers.FruitController"/>
</beans>2.配置DispatcherServlet类，这样如果controller类非常多，也可以使代码简洁。
@WebServlet("*.do")
public class DispatcherServlet extends HttpServlet {
private Map<String,Object> beanMap = new HashMap<>();
public DispatcherServlet(){
}
public void init(){
InputStream inputStream = getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("applicationContext.xml");
//1.创建DocumentBuilderFactory
DocumentBuilderFactory documentBuilderFactory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
//2.创建DocumentBuilder对象
DocumentBuilder documentBuilder = documentBuilderFactory.newDocumentBuilder() ;
//3.创建Document对象
Document document = documentBuilder.parse(inputStream);
//4.获取所有的bean节点
NodeList beanNodeList = document.getElementsByTagName("bean");
for(int i = 0 ; i<beanNodeList.getLength() ; i++){
Node beanNode = beanNodeList.item(i);
if(beanNode.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE){
Element beanElement = (Element)beanNode ;
String beanId = beanElement.getAttribute("id");
String className = beanElement.getAttribute("class");
Class controllerBeanClass = Class.forName(className);
Object beanObj = controllerBeanClass.newInstance() ;
Method setServletContextMethod = controllerBeanClass.getDeclaredMethod("setServletContext",ServletContext.class);
setServletContextMethod.invoke(beanObj , this.getServletContext());
beanMap.put(beanId , beanObj) ;
}
}
}
}
@Override
protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//设置编码
request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
//假设url是： http://localhost:8080/pro15/hello.do
//那么servletPath是： /hello.do
// 我的思路是：
// 第1步： /hello.do -> hello 或者 /fruit.do -> fruit
// 第2步： hello -> HelloController 或者 fruit -> FruitController
String servletPath = request.getServletPath();
servletPath = servletPath.substring(1);
int lastDotIndex = servletPath.lastIndexOf(".do") ;
servletPath = servletPath.substring(0,lastDotIndex);
Object controllerBeanObj = beanMap.get(servletPath);
String operate = request.getParameter("operate");
if(StringUtil.isEmpty(operate)){
operate = "index" ;
}
Method method = controllerBeanObj.getClass().getDeclaredMethod(operate,HttpServletRequest.class,HttpServletResponse.class);
if(method!=null){
method.setAccessible(true);
method.invoke(controllerBeanObj,request,response);
}else{
throw new RuntimeException("operate值非法!");
}
}
}
}
如果我们在controller层中，将
private FruitService fruitService = null ;
我们将无法获取fruitService 实例，一直报空的错误。
因此，我们将继续修改代码，使DAO层和service层的bean 也配置到xml文件中。
如何使获取的fruitService不为空呢，我们需要获取xml文件中的bean,并进行组装。
1.xml文件
<bean id="fruitDAO" class="com.atguigu.fruit.dao.impl.FruitDAOImpl"/>
<bean id="fruitService" class="com.atguigu.fruit.service.impl.FruitServiceImpl">
<!-- property标签用来表示属性；name表示属性名；ref表示引用其他bean的id值-->
<property name="fruitDAO" ref="fruitDAO"/>
</bean>
<bean id="fruit" class="com.atguigu.fruit.controllers.FruitController">
<property name="fruitService" ref="fruitService"/>
</bean>
</beans>2.我们新建一个ClassPathXmlApplicationContext 类，将获取bean的代码封装称一个类，简化servlert中的代码
public class ClassPathXmlApplicationContext implements BeanFactory {
private Map<String,Object> beanMap = new HashMap<>();
public ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(){
InputStream inputStream = getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("applicationContext.xml");
//1.创建DocumentBuilderFactory
DocumentBuilderFactory documentBuilderFactory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
//2.创建DocumentBuilder对象
DocumentBuilder documentBuilder = documentBuilderFactory.newDocumentBuilder() ;
//3.创建Document对象
Document document = documentBuilder.parse(inputStream);
//4.获取所有的bean节点
NodeList beanNodeList = document.getElementsByTagName("bean");
for(int i = 0 ; i<beanNodeList.getLength() ; i++){
Node beanNode = beanNodeList.item(i);
if(beanNode.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE){
Element beanElement = (Element)beanNode ;
String beanId = beanElement.getAttribute("id");
String className = beanElement.getAttribute("class");
Class beanClass = Class.forName(className);
//创建bean实例
Object beanObj = beanClass.newInstance() ;
//将bean实例对象保存到map容器中
beanMap.put(beanId , beanObj) ;
//到目前为止，此处需要注意的是，bean和bean之间的依赖关系还没有设置
}
}
//5.组装bean之间的依赖关系
for(int i = 0 ; i<beanNodeList.getLength() ; i++){
Node beanNode = beanNodeList.item(i);
if(beanNode.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) {
Element beanElement = (Element) beanNode;
String beanId = beanElement.getAttribute("id");
NodeList beanChildNodeList = beanElement.getChildNodes();
for (int j = 0; j < beanChildNodeList.getLength() ; j++) {
Node beanChildNode = beanChildNodeList.item(j);
if(beanChildNode.getNodeType()==Node.ELEMENT_NODE && "property".equals(beanChildNode.getNodeName())){
Element propertyElement = (Element) beanChildNode;
String propertyName = propertyElement.getAttribute("name");
String propertyRef = propertyElement.getAttribute("ref");
//1) 找到propertyRef对应的实例
Object refObj = beanMap.get(propertyRef);
//2) 将refObj设置到当前bean对应的实例的property属性上去
Object beanObj = beanMap.get(beanId);
Class beanClazz = beanObj.getClass();
//给当前对象的属性赋值
Field propertyField = beanClazz.getDeclaredField(propertyName);
propertyField.setAccessible(true);
propertyField.set(beanObj,refObj);
}
}
}
}
}
}
@Override
public Object getBean(String id) {
return beanMap.get(id);
}
}
3. DispatcherServlet配置
@WebServlet("*.do")
public class DispatcherServlet extends ViewBaseServlet{
private BeanFactory beanFactory ;
public DispatcherServlet(){
}
public void init() throws ServletException {
super.init();
beanFactory = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext();
}
@Override
protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//设置编码
request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
//假设url是： http://localhost:8080/pro15/hello.do
//那么servletPath是： /hello.do
// 我的思路是：
// 第1步： /hello.do -> hello 或者 /fruit.do -> fruit
// 第2步： hello -> HelloController 或者 fruit -> FruitController
String servletPath = request.getServletPath();
servletPath = servletPath.substring(1);
int lastDotIndex = servletPath.lastIndexOf(".do") ;
servletPath = servletPath.substring(0,lastDotIndex);
Object controllerBeanObj = beanFactory.getBean(servletPath);
String operate = request.getParameter("operate");
if(StringUtil.isEmpty(operate)){
operate = "index" ;
}
try {
Method[] methods = controllerBeanObj.getClass().getDeclaredMethods();
for(Method method : methods){
if(operate.equals(method.getName())){
//1.统一获取请求参数
//1-1.获取当前方法的参数，返回参数数组
Parameter[] parameters = method.getParameters();
//1-2.parameterValues 用来承载参数的值
Object[] parameterValues = new Object[parameters.length];
for (int i = 0; i < parameters.length; i++) {
Parameter parameter = parameters[i];
String parameterName = parameter.getName() ;
//如果参数名是request,response,session 那么就不是通过请求中获取参数的方式了
if("request".equals(parameterName)){
parameterValues[i] = request ;
}else if("response".equals(parameterName)){
parameterValues[i] = response ;
}else if("session".equals(parameterName)){
parameterValues[i] = request.getSession() ;
}else{
//从请求中获取参数值
String parameterValue = request.getParameter(parameterName);
String typeName = parameter.getType().getName();
Object parameterObj = parameterValue ;
if(parameterObj!=null) {
if ("java.lang.Integer".equals(typeName)) {
parameterObj = Integer.parseInt(parameterValue);
}
}
parameterValues[i] = parameterObj ;
}
}
//2.controller组件中的方法调用
method.setAccessible(true);
Object returnObj = method.invoke(controllerBeanObj,parameterValues);
//3.视图处理
String methodReturnStr = (String)returnObj ;
if(methodReturnStr.startsWith("redirect:")){ //比如： redirect:fruit.do
String redirectStr = methodReturnStr.substring("redirect:".length());
response.sendRedirect(redirectStr);
}else{
super.processTemplate(methodReturnStr,request,response); // 比如： "edit"
}
}
}
}
}
}
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