使用HttpURLConnection访问网络

使用HttpURLConnection下载

工具类

public class DownUtil {

    //定义下载资源的路径
    private String path ;
    //指定所下载的文件的保存位置
    private String targetFile ;
    //定义需要使用多少线程下载资源
    private int threadNum ;
    //定义下载的线程对象
    private DownThread[] threads ;
    //定义下载的文件的总大小
    private int fileSize ;

    public DownUtil(String path , String targetFile , int threadNum){

        this.path = path ;
        this.threadNum = threadNum ;
        threads = new DownThread[threadNum ];
        this.targetFile = targetFile ;

    }

    public void download() throws Exception {

        URL url = new URL(path);
        HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
        conn.setConnectTimeout(5 * 1000);
        conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
        conn.setRequestProperty(
                "Accept", "image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/pjpeg, "
                        + "application/x-shockwave-flash, application/xaml+xml, "
                        + "application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/x-ms-xbap, "
                        + "application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-excel, "
                        + "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*");
        conn.setRequestProperty("Accept-Language", "zh-CN");
        conn.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8");
        conn.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
        //得到文件大小
        fileSize = conn.getContentLength();
        conn.disconnect();
        int currentPartSize = fileSize / threadNum + 1 ;
        RandomAccessFile file = new RandomAccessFile(targetFile , "rw");
        //设置本地文件的大小
        file.setLength(fileSize);
        file.close();
        for (int i = 0 ; i < threadNum ; i++ ){

            //计算每条线程的下载开始位置
            int startPos = i * currentPartSize ;
            //每个线程使用一个 RandomAccessFile 进行下载
            RandomAccessFile currentPart = new RandomAccessFile(targetFile , "re");
            //定位该线程的下载位置
            currentPart.seek(startPos);
            //创建下载线程
            threads[i].start();

        }
    }

    //获取下载的完成百分比
    public double getCompleteRate(){

        //统计多条线程已经下载的总大小
        int sunSize = 0 ;
        for (int i = 0 ; i <threadNum ; i++){
            sunSize += threads[i].lenght ;
        }
        //返回已经完成的百分比
        return sunSize*1.0/fileSize ;
    }

    private class DownThread extends Thread{

        //当前线程下载位置
        private int startPos ;
        //定义当前线程负责下载文件的大小
        private int currentPartSize ;
        //当前线程需要下载的文件块
        private RandomAccessFile currentPart ;
        //定义该线程已经下载的字节数
        int lenght ;

        DownThread(int startPos , int currentPartSize , RandomAccessFile currentPart){

            this.startPos = startPos ;
            this.currentPartSize = currentPartSize ;
            this.currentPart = currentPart ;

        }

        @Override
        public void run() {

            try{

                URL url = new URL(path);
                HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
                //设置建立连接的超时时间
                conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);
                conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
                //设置传递数据的超时时间
                // conn.setReadTimeout(10000);
                conn.setRequestProperty("Accept",
                        "image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/pjpeg, "
                                + "application/x-shockwave-flash, application/xaml+xml, "
                                + "application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/x-ms-xbap, "
                                + "application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-excel, "
                                + "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*");
                conn.setRequestProperty("Accept-Language", "zh-CN");
                conn.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8");
                InputStream inputStream = conn.getInputStream();
                // 跳过startPos个字节，表明该线程只下载自己负责的那部分文件
                inputStream.skip(this.startPos);
                byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
                int hasRead = 0 ;
                //读取网络数据，写入本地文件
                while (lenght < currentPartSize &&(hasRead = inputStream.read(buffer)) > 0){

                    currentPart.write(buffer , 0 , hasRead);
                    lenght += hasRead ;

                }
                currentPart.close();
                inputStream.close();

            }catch (Exception e){

                    e.printStackTrace();

            }

        }
    }
    // 定义一个为InputStream跳过bytes字节的方法
    private static void skipFully(InputStream in , long bytes) throws IOException {

        long remainning = bytes ;
        long len = 0 ;
        while (remainning > 0){
            len = in.skip(remainning);
            remainning -= len ;
        }

    }

}

代码部分

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private EditText url_edit , path_edit ;
    private Button down_btn ;
    private ProgressBar progressBar ;
    private DownUtil downUtil ;
    private MyHandler myHandler ;

    @RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.M)
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        init();
        myHandler = new MyHandler();
        //动态添加权限
        requestPermissions(new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE},0x456);

    }

    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {

        if (requestCode == 0x456 && grantResults.length == 1 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
            Toast.makeText(this, "获取写入内存卡权限成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }

    }

    private void init() {

        progressBar = findViewById(R.id.progressBar) ;
        url_edit = findViewById(R.id.url_edit) ;
        path_edit = findViewById(R.id.path_edit) ;
        down_btn = findViewById(R.id.down_btn) ;
        down_btn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {

                downUtil = new DownUtil(url_edit.getText().toString(),path_edit.getText().toString(),6);

                new Thread(new Runnable() {

                    @Override
                    public void run() {

                        try {
                            //开始下载
                            downUtil.download();
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                        final Timer timer = new Timer();
                        timer.schedule(new TimerTask() {
                            @Override
                            public void run() {
                                //获取下载任务的完成比例
                                double completeRate = downUtil.getCompleteRate();
                                Log.e("下载进度",completeRate+"");
                                Message message = new Message();
                                message.what = 101 ;
                                message.arg1 = (int) (completeRate*100);
                                //发送消息更新进度条 progressBar
                                myHandler.sendMessage(message);
                                //下载完成后取消进度任务
                                if(completeRate >= 1){

                                    timer.cancel();

                                }
                            }
                        },0,100);

                    }
                }).start();

            }
        });
    }

    class MyHandler extends Handler{

        @Override
        public void handleMessage(@NonNull Message msg) {

            switch (msg.what){

                case 101 :
                        progressBar.setProgress(msg.arg1);
                    break;


            }

        }
    }


}

网络权限以及向SD卡写入数据权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>

为了让该APP使用 HTTP 协议执行下载，还要为 AndroidManifest.xml 的<application…/>元素增加以下属性：

<application
android:allowClearUserDataOnFailedRestore="true" />