数据库为school,素材如下
1.创建student和score表
CREATE TABLE student (
id INT(10) NOT NULL UNIQUE PRIMARY KEY , name VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL ,
sex VARCHAR(4) ,
birth YEAR,
department VARCHAR(20) ,
address VARCHAR(50)
);
创建score表。SQL代码如下:
CREATE TABLE score (
id INT(10) NOT NULL UNIQUE PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT ,
stu_id INT(10) NOT NULL ,
c_name VARCHAR(20) ,
grade INT(10)
);
2.为student表和score表增加记录, 向student表插入记录的INSERT语句如下:
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 901,'张老大', '男',1985,'计算机系', '北京市海淀区');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 902,'张老二', '男',1986,'中文系', '北京市昌平区');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 903,'张三', '女',1990,'中文系', '湖南省永州市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 904,'李四', '男',1990,'英语系', '辽宁省阜新市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 905,'王五', '女',1991,'英语系', '福建省厦门市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 906,'王六', '男',1988,'计算机系', '湖南省衡阳市');
向score表插入记录的INSERT语句如下:
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,901, '计算机',98);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,901, '英语', 80);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,902, '计算机',65);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,902, '中文',88);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,903, '中文',95);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,904, '计算机',70);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,904, '英语',92);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,905, '英语',94);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,906, '计算机',90);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,906, '英语',85);
3.备份数据库school到/backup目录
4.备份MySQL数据库为带删除表的格式,能够让该备份覆盖已有数据库而不需要手动删除原有数据库
5.直接将MySQL数据库压缩备份
6.备份MySQL数据库某个(些)表。此例备份student表
7.同时备份多个MySQL数据库(其他数据库素材自行准备)
8.仅仅备份数据库结构
9.备份服务器上所有数据库
10.还原MySQL数据库
先删除school数据库再用source命令还原
11.还原压缩的MySQL数据库
12.使用xtrabackup 备份数据库
先安装innobackup
yum install mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
yum install perl-DBD-MySQL-4.023-6.el7.x86_64.rpm percona-xtrabackup-24-2.4.8-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
创建backup用户:
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p147258 -e "grant SELECT,RELOAD,SHOW DATABASES,LOCK TABLES,SUPER,REPLICATION CLIENT,CREATE TABLESPACE,PROCESS on *.* to backup@'localhost' identified by '147258';"
完全备份:
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /bak/full
[root@localhost ~]# innobackupex --user=backup --password=123456 --no-timestamp /bak/full/full_`date +%F`
13.在另外的数据库服务器上还原xtrabackup 备份
[root@localhost ~]# innobackupex --user=backup --password=123456 --apply-log /bak/full/full_2021-01-19/
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop mysqld
[root@localhost ~]# rm -rf /var/lib/mysql/*
[root@localhost ~]# innobackupex --user=backup --password=123456 --copy-back /bak/full/full_2017-01-19/
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /var/lib/mysql
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart mysqld
14.使用mydumper备份数据库
下载安装:
yum install gcc gcc-c++ make cmake -y
yum install -y mysql-community-devel-5.7.14
yum install -y glib2-devel pcre-devel zlib-devel
cmake.
make
make install
备份:
[root@localhost ~]# mydumper -u root -p abcABC123! -b school -o backup.sql
15.使用mydumper恢复数据库:
先删除数据库:
mysql> drop database school;
Query OK, 2 row affected (0.01 sec)
恢复:
[root@localhost ~]# myloader -u root -p ABCabc123! -d /backup.sql -o -B school