谈谈rabbitmq中的死信队列

1. 那什么消息是死信(dead message)呢？

1. 被拒绝（basic.reject或basic.nack）并且requeue=false的消息

2. TTL过期消息的消息

3. 队列达到最大长度（队列满了，无法再添加数据到mq中）的消息

2. DLX（Dead Letter Exchanges）死信队列，本身也是一个普通的消息队列，在创建队列的时候，通过设置一些关键参数x-dead-letter-exchange，可以将一个普通的消息队列设置为死信队列

3. 当这个队列中有死信时, RabbitMQ就会自动将这个消息重新发布到设置的Exchange上去, 进而被路由到另一个队列

 package com.qiyexue.api.dlx;
 
 import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
 import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
 import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
 
 import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.Map;
 
 /**
  * 消费者
  *
  * @author 七夜雪
  * @date 2018-12-15 20:07
  */
 public class Consumer {
 
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         // 1. 创建连接工厂并设置属性
         ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();;
         factory.setHost("192.168.72.138");
         factory.setPort(5672);
         factory.setVirtualHost("/");
 
         // 2. 创建连接
         Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
 
         // 3. 创建channel
         Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
 
         // 4. 声明死信队列Exchange和Queue
         channel.exchangeDeclare("dlx.exchange", "topic");
         channel.queueDeclare("dlx.queue", true, false, false, null);
         channel.queueBind("dlx.queue", "dlx.exchange", "#");
 
         // 5. 声明普通Exchange
         String exchangeName = "test_dlx_exchange";
         String exchangeType = "topic";
         String routingKey = "dlx.*";
         channel.exchangeDeclare(exchangeName, exchangeType, true, false, null);
 
         // 6. 声明消息队列, 指定死信队列为dlx.exchange
         String queueName = "test_dlx_queue";
         Map<String, Object> arguments = new HashMap<>();
         // x-dead-leeter-exchange属性用于指定死信队列为dlx.exchange
         arguments.put("x-dead-letter-exchange", "dlx.exchange");
         channel.queueDeclare(queueName, true, false, false, arguments);
 
         // 6. 绑定队列和Exchange
         channel.queueBind(queueName, exchangeName, routingKey);
 
    }
 
 }