MySQL查询-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_59250127/article/details/131623830

-- 单表查询练习
/* 素材
CREATE TABLE `emp` (
`empno` int(4) NOT NULL,
`ename` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
`job` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
`mgr` int(4) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
`hiredate` date NOT NULL,
`sai` int(255) NOT NULL,
`comm` int(255) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
`deptno` int(2) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`empno`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES (1001, '甘宁', '文员', 1013, '2000-12-17', 8000, NULL, 20);
INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES (1002, '黛绮丝', '销售员', 1006, '2001-02-20', 16000, 3000, 30);
INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES (1003, '殷天正', '销售员', 1006, '2001-02-22', 12500, 5000, 30);
INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES (1004, '刘备', '经理', 1009, '2001-04-02', 29750, NULL, 20);
INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES (1005, '谢逊', '销售员', 1006, '2001-09-28', 12500, 14000, 30);
INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES (1006, '关羽', '经理', 1009, '2001-05-01', 28500, NULL, 30);
INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES (1007, '张飞', '经理', 1009, '2001-09-01', 24500, NULL, 10);
INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES (1008, '诸葛亮', '分析师', 1004, '2007-04-19', 30000, NULL, 20);
INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES (1009, '曾阿牛', '董事长', NULL, '2001-11-17', 50000, NULL, 10);
INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES (1010, '韦一笑', '销售员', 1006, '2001-09-08', 15000, 0, 30);
INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES (1011, '周泰', '文员', 1006, '2007-05-23', 11000, NULL, 20);
INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES (1012, '程普', '文员', 1006, '2001-12-03', 9500, NULL, 30);
INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES (1013, '庞统', '分析师', 1004, '2001-12-03', 30000, NULL, 20);
INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES (1014, '黄盖', '文员', 1007, '2002-01-23', 13000, NULL, 10);
INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES (1015, '张三', '保洁员', 1001, '2013-05-01', 80000, 50000, 50);

*/
-- 1. 查询出部门编号为30的所有员工
mysql> select * from emp where deptno=30;
+-------+-----------+-----------+------+------------+-------+-------+--------+
| empno | ename | job | mgr | hiredate | sai | comm | deptno |
+-------+-----------+-----------+------+------------+-------+-------+--------+
| 1002 | 黛绮丝 | 销售员 | 1006 | 2001-02-20 | 16000 | 3000 | 30 |
| 1003 | 殷天正 | 销售员 | 1006 | 2001-02-22 | 12500 | 5000 | 30 |
| 1005 | 谢逊 | 销售员 | 1006 | 2001-09-28 | 12500 | 14000 | 30 |
| 1006 | 关羽 | 经理 | 1009 | 2001-05-01 | 28500 | NULL | 30 |
| 1010 | 韦一笑 | 销售员 | 1006 | 2001-09-08 | 15000 | 0 | 30 |
| 1012 | 程普 | 文员 | 1006 | 2001-12-03 | 9500 | NULL | 30 |
+-------+-----------+-----------+------+------------+-------+-------+--------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

-- 2. 所有销售员的姓名、编号和部门编号。
mysql> select ename,empno,deptno from emp where job="销售员";
+-----------+-------+--------+
| ename | empno | deptno |
+-----------+-------+--------+
| 黛绮丝 | 1002 | 30 |
| 殷天正 | 1003 | 30 |
| 谢逊 | 1005 | 30 |
| 韦一笑 | 1010 | 30 |
+-----------+-------+--------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

-- 3. 找出奖金高于工资的员工。
mysql> select * from emp where comm>sai;
+-------+--------+-----------+------+------------+-------+-------+--------+
| empno | ename | job | mgr | hiredate | sai | comm | deptno |
+-------+--------+-----------+------+------------+-------+-------+--------+
| 1005 | 谢逊 | 销售员 | 1006 | 2001-09-28 | 12500 | 14000 | 30 |
+-------+--------+-----------+------+------------+-------+-------+--------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

-- 4. 找出奖金高于工资60%的员工。

mysql> select * from emp where comm>sai*0.6;
+-------+--------+-----------+------+------------+-------+-------+--------+
| empno | ename | job | mgr | hiredate | sai | comm | deptno |
+-------+--------+-----------+------+------------+-------+-------+--------+
| 1005 | 谢逊 | 销售员 | 1006 | 2001-09-28 | 12500 | 14000 | 30 |
| 1015 | 张三 | 保洁员 | 1001 | 2013-05-01 | 80000 | 50000 | 50 |
+-------+--------+-----------+------+------------+-------+-------+--------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

-- 5. 找出部门编号为10中所有经理，和部门编号为20中所有销售员的详细资料。

mysql> select * from emp where (deptno=10 and job="经理") or (deptno=20 and job="销售员");
+-------+--------+--------+------+------------+-------+------+--------+
| empno | ename | job | mgr | hiredate | sai | comm | deptno |
+-------+--------+--------+------+------------+-------+------+--------+
| 1007 | 张飞 | 经理 | 1009 | 2001-09-01 | 24500 | NULL | 10 |
+-------+--------+--------+------+------------+-------+------+--------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

-- 6. 找出部门编号为10中所有经理，部门编号为20中所有销售员，还有即不是经理又不是销售员但其工资大或等于20000的所有员工详细资料。
mysql> select * from emp where (deptno=10 and job="经理") or (deptno=20 and job="销售员") or (sai >=20000 and job not in ("经理","销售员"));
+-------+-----------+-----------+------+------------+-------+-------+--------+
| empno | ename | job | mgr | hiredate | sai | comm | deptno |
+-------+-----------+-----------+------+------------+-------+-------+--------+
| 1007 | 张飞 | 经理 | 1009 | 2001-09-01 | 24500 | NULL | 10 |
| 1008 | 诸葛亮 | 分析师 | 1004 | 2007-04-19 | 30000 | NULL | 20 |
| 1009 | 曾阿牛 | 董事长 | NULL | 2001-11-17 | 50000 | NULL | 10 |
| 1013 | 庞统 | 分析师 | 1004 | 2001-12-03 | 30000 | NULL | 20 |
| 1015 | 张三 | 保洁员 | 1001 | 2013-05-01 | 80000 | 50000 | 50 |
+-------+-----------+-----------+------+------------+-------+-------+--------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

-- 7. 无奖金或奖金低于1000的员工。

mysql> select * from emp where comm is null or comm < 1000;
+-------+-----------+-----------+------+------------+-------+------+--------+
| empno | ename | job | mgr | hiredate | sai | comm | deptno |
+-------+-----------+-----------+------+------------+-------+------+--------+
| 1001 | 甘宁 | 文员 | 1013 | 2000-12-17 | 8000 | NULL | 20 |
| 1004 | 刘备 | 经理 | 1009 | 2001-04-02 | 29750 | NULL | 20 |
| 1006 | 关羽 | 经理 | 1009 | 2001-05-01 | 28500 | NULL | 30 |
| 1007 | 张飞 | 经理 | 1009 | 2001-09-01 | 24500 | NULL | 10 |
| 1008 | 诸葛亮 | 分析师 | 1004 | 2007-04-19 | 30000 | NULL | 20 |
| 1009 | 曾阿牛 | 董事长 | NULL | 2001-11-17 | 50000 | NULL | 10 |
| 1010 | 韦一笑 | 销售员 | 1006 | 2001-09-08 | 15000 | 0 | 30 |
| 1011 | 周泰 | 文员 | 1006 | 2007-05-23 | 11000 | NULL | 20 |
| 1012 | 程普 | 文员 | 1006 | 2001-12-03 | 9500 | NULL | 30 |
| 1013 | 庞统 | 分析师 | 1004 | 2001-12-03 | 30000 | NULL | 20 |
| 1014 | 黄盖 | 文员 | 1007 | 2002-01-23 | 13000 | NULL | 10 |
+-------+-----------+-----------+------+------------+-------+------+--------+
11 rows in set (0.00 sec)

-- 8. 查询名字由三个字组成的员工。
-- 注意：一个汉字占三个字节
mysql> select * from emp where ename like "___";
+-------+-----------+-----------+------+------------+-------+------+--------+
| empno | ename | job | mgr | hiredate | sai | comm | deptno |
+-------+-----------+-----------+------+------------+-------+------+--------+
| 1002 | 黛绮丝 | 销售员 | 1006 | 2001-02-20 | 16000 | 3000 | 30 |
| 1003 | 殷天正 | 销售员 | 1006 | 2001-02-22 | 12500 | 5000 | 30 |
| 1008 | 诸葛亮 | 分析师 | 1004 | 2007-04-19 | 30000 | NULL | 20 |
| 1009 | 曾阿牛 | 董事长 | NULL | 2001-11-17 | 50000 | NULL | 10 |
| 1010 | 韦一笑 | 销售员 | 1006 | 2001-09-08 | 15000 | 0 | 30 |
+-------+-----------+-----------+------+------------+-------+------+--------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

-- 9.查询2000年入职的员工。
mysql> select * from emp where hiredate like "2000%"
-> ;

+-------+--------+--------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
| empno | ename | job | mgr | hiredate | sai | comm | deptno |
+-------+--------+--------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
| 1001 | 甘宁 | 文员 | 1013 | 2000-12-17 | 8000 | NULL | 20 |
+-------+--------+--------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

select * from emp where year(hiredate)=2000;

mysql> select * from emp where year(hiredate)=2000;
+-------+--------+--------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
| empno | ename | job | mgr | hiredate | sai | comm | deptno |
+-------+--------+--------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
| 1001 | 甘宁 | 文员 | 1013 | 2000-12-17 | 8000 | NULL | 20 |
+-------+--------+--------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

-- 10. 查询所有员工详细信息，用编号升序排序
mysql> select * from emp order by empno;
+-------+-----------+-----------+------+------------+-------+-------+--------+
| empno | ename | job | mgr | hiredate | sai | comm | deptno |
+-------+-----------+-----------+------+------------+-------+-------+--------+
| 1001 | 甘宁 | 文员 | 1013 | 2000-12-17 | 8000 | NULL | 20 |
| 1002 | 黛绮丝 | 销售员 | 1006 | 2001-02-20 | 16000 | 3000 | 30 |
| 1003 | 殷天正 | 销售员 | 1006 | 2001-02-22 | 12500 | 5000 | 30 |
| 1004 | 刘备 | 经理 | 1009 | 2001-04-02 | 29750 | NULL | 20 |
| 1005 | 谢逊 | 销售员 | 1006 | 2001-09-28 | 12500 | 14000 | 30 |
| 1006 | 关羽 | 经理 | 1009 | 2001-05-01 | 28500 | NULL | 30 |
| 1007 | 张飞 | 经理 | 1009 | 2001-09-01 | 24500 | NULL | 10 |
| 1008 | 诸葛亮 | 分析师 | 1004 | 2007-04-19 | 30000 | NULL | 20 |
| 1009 | 曾阿牛 | 董事长 | NULL | 2001-11-17 | 50000 | NULL | 10 |
| 1010 | 韦一笑 | 销售员 | 1006 | 2001-09-08 | 15000 | 0 | 30 |
| 1011 | 周泰 | 文员 | 1006 | 2007-05-23 | 11000 | NULL | 20 |
| 1012 | 程普 | 文员 | 1006 | 2001-12-03 | 9500 | NULL | 30 |
| 1013 | 庞统 | 分析师 | 1004 | 2001-12-03 | 30000 | NULL | 20 |
| 1014 | 黄盖 | 文员 | 1007 | 2002-01-23 | 13000 | NULL | 10 |
| 1015 | 张三 | 保洁员 | 1001 | 2013-05-01 | 80000 | 50000 | 50 |
+-------+-----------+-----------+------+------------+-------+-------+--------+
15 rows in set (0.00 sec)

-- 11. 查询所有员工详细信息，用工资降序排序，如果工资相同使用入职日期升序排序
mysql> select * from emp order by sai desc,hiredate;
+-------+-----------+-----------+------+------------+-------+-------+--------+
| empno | ename | job | mgr | hiredate | sai | comm | deptno |
+-------+-----------+-----------+------+------------+-------+-------+--------+
| 1015 | 张三 | 保洁员 | 1001 | 2013-05-01 | 80000 | 50000 | 50 |
| 1009 | 曾阿牛 | 董事长 | NULL | 2001-11-17 | 50000 | NULL | 10 |
| 1013 | 庞统 | 分析师 | 1004 | 2001-12-03 | 30000 | NULL | 20 |
| 1008 | 诸葛亮 | 分析师 | 1004 | 2007-04-19 | 30000 | NULL | 20 |
| 1004 | 刘备 | 经理 | 1009 | 2001-04-02 | 29750 | NULL | 20 |
| 1006 | 关羽 | 经理 | 1009 | 2001-05-01 | 28500 | NULL | 30 |
| 1007 | 张飞 | 经理 | 1009 | 2001-09-01 | 24500 | NULL | 10 |
| 1002 | 黛绮丝 | 销售员 | 1006 | 2001-02-20 | 16000 | 3000 | 30 |
| 1010 | 韦一笑 | 销售员 | 1006 | 2001-09-08 | 15000 | 0 | 30 |
| 1014 | 黄盖 | 文员 | 1007 | 2002-01-23 | 13000 | NULL | 10 |
| 1003 | 殷天正 | 销售员 | 1006 | 2001-02-22 | 12500 | 5000 | 30 |
| 1005 | 谢逊 | 销售员 | 1006 | 2001-09-28 | 12500 | 14000 | 30 |
| 1011 | 周泰 | 文员 | 1006 | 2007-05-23 | 11000 | NULL | 20 |
| 1012 | 程普 | 文员 | 1006 | 2001-12-03 | 9500 | NULL | 30 |
| 1001 | 甘宁 | 文员 | 1013 | 2000-12-17 | 8000 | NULL | 20 |
+-------+-----------+-----------+------+------------+-------+-------+--------+
15 rows in set (0.00 sec)

-- 12.查询每个部门的平均工资
mysql> select deptno,avg(sai) from emp group by deptno;
+--------+------------+
| deptno | avg(sai) |
+--------+------------+
| 10 | 29166.6667 |
| 20 | 21750.0000 |
| 30 | 15666.6667 |
| 50 | 80000.0000 |
+--------+------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

-- 13.查询每个部门的雇员数量

mysql> select deptno,count(*) from emp group by deptno;
+--------+----------+
| deptno | count(*) |
+--------+----------+
| 10 | 3 |
| 20 | 5 |
| 30 | 6 |
| 50 | 1 |
+--------+----------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

-- 14.查询每种工作的最高工资、最低工资、人数
mysql> select job,max(sai),min(sai),count(*) from emp group by job;
+-----------+----------+----------+----------+
| job | max(sai) | min(sai) | count(*) |
+-----------+----------+----------+----------+
| 保洁员 | 80000 | 80000 | 1 |
| 分析师 | 30000 | 30000 | 2 |
| 文员 | 13000 | 8000 | 4 |
| 经理 | 29750 | 24500 | 3 |
| 董事长 | 50000 | 50000 | 1 |
| 销售员 | 16000 | 12500 | 4 |
+-----------+----------+----------+----------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

二、多表连接查询
use mydb3;
-- 创建部门表
create table if not exists dept3(
deptno varchar(20) primary key , -- 部门号
name varchar(20) -- 部门名字
);
-- 创建员工表
create table if not exists emp3(
eid varchar(20) primary key , -- 员工编号
ename varchar(20), -- 员工名字
age int, -- 员工年龄
dept_id varchar(20) -- 员工所属部门
);
-- 给dept3表添加数据
insert into dept3 values('1001','研发部');
insert into dept3 values('1002','销售部');
insert into dept3 values('1003','财务部');
insert into dept3 values('1004','人事部');
-- 给emp3表添加数据
insert into emp3 values('1','乔峰',20, '1001');
insert into emp3 values('2','段誉',21, '1001');
insert into emp3 values('3','虚竹',23, '1001');
insert into emp3 values('4','阿紫',18, '1001');
insert into emp3 values('5','扫地僧',85, '1002');
insert into emp3 values('6','李秋水',33, '1002');
insert into emp3 values('7','鸠摩智',50, '1002');
insert into emp3 values('8','天山童姥',60, '1003');
insert into emp3 values('9','慕容博',58, '1003');
insert into emp3 values('10','丁春秋',71, '1005');
1、查询每个部门的所属员工
mysql> select name,ename from dept3 A,emp3 B where A.deptno=B.dept_id ;
+-----------+--------------+
| name | ename |
+-----------+--------------+
| 研发部 | 乔峰 |
| 研发部 | 段誉 |
| 研发部 | 虚竹 |
| 研发部 | 阿紫 |
| 销售部 | 扫地僧 |
| 销售部 | 李秋水 |
| 销售部 | 鸠摩智 |
| 财务部 | 天山童姥 |
| 财务部 | 慕容博 |
+-----------+--------------+
9 rows in set (0.00 sec)

2、查询研发部门的所属员工
mysql> select name,ename from dept3 A,emp3 B where A.deptno=B.dept_id and name='研发部';
+-----------+--------+
| name | ename |
+-----------+--------+
| 研发部 | 乔峰 |
| 研发部 | 段誉 |
| 研发部 | 虚竹 |
| 研发部 | 阿紫 |
+-----------+--------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

3、查询研发部和销售部的所属员工
mysql> select name,ename from dept3 A,emp3 B where A.deptno=B.dept_id and (name='研发部' or name='销售部');
+-----------+-----------+
| name | ename |
+-----------+-----------+
| 研发部 | 乔峰 |
| 研发部 | 段誉 |
| 研发部 | 虚竹 |
| 研发部 | 阿紫 |
| 销售部 | 扫地僧 |
| 销售部 | 李秋水 |
| 销售部 | 鸠摩智 |
+-----------+-----------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

4、查询每个部门的员工数,并升序排序
mysql> select name,count(1) from dept3 A,emp3 B where A.deptno=B.dept_id group by deptno order by count(1) ;
+-----------+----------+
| name | count(1) |
+-----------+----------+
| 财务部 | 2 |
| 销售部 | 3 |
| 研发部 | 4 |
+-----------+----------+
3 rows in set (0.01 sec)

5、查询人数大于等于3的部门，并按照人数降序排序

mysql> select name,count(1) from dept3 A,emp3 B where A.deptno=B.dept_id group by deptno having count(1)>=3 order by count(1) desc;
+-----------+----------+
| name | count(1) |
+-----------+----------+
| 研发部 | 4 |
| 销售部 | 3 |
+-----------+----------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)