Servlet使用PrinterWriter响应输出内容是，网页显示是？？？的问题

我后端Servlet的代码是：

package com.test01.javaweb01;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

public class HelloServlet04 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
      
        System.out.println("重写的doGet()方法");
        PrintWriter printWriter = resp.getWriter();
        printWriter.print("重写的doGet()方法");
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
   
        System.out.println("重写的doPost（）方法");
    }
}

前端显示的是:

应该是编码的问题，我尝试修改一下数据类型和编码：

错误解决。
1.设置发送的浏览器的内容是UTF-8编码的。

package com.test01.javaweb01;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

public class HelloServlet04 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
         resp.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");

        System.out.println("重写的doGet()方法");
        PrintWriter printWriter = resp.getWriter();
        printWriter.print("重写的doGet()方法");
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        resp.setContentType("text/html; charset=UTF-8");

        System.out.println("重写的doPost（）方法");
    }
}

运行结果:

没有管浏览器用的是哪种编码，所以当浏览器的显示编码方式不是UTF-8的时候，就会看到乱码，需要手动再进行一次设置。

2.现在不仅发送到浏览器的内容会使用UTF-8编码，而且还通知浏览器使用UTF-8编码方式进行显示。即：服务端用utf编码，并且告诉浏览器用utf-8的编码显示

package com.test01.javaweb01;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

public class HelloServlet04 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
//        resp.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        resp.setContentType("text/html; charset=UTF-8");
        System.out.println("重写的doGet()方法");
        PrintWriter printWriter = resp.getWriter();
        printWriter.print("重写的doGet()方法");
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {

    }
}

这两种方式都需要在response.getWriter调用之前执行才能生效。

成功！