原理主要还是通过鼠标坐标位置的计算偏移量,然后赋值给拖拽的元素的top和left属性,话不多说了,直接上代码。
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>Document</title>
</head>
<style>
#drag {
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background-color: pink;
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 0;
}
html {
height: 100%;
overflow: hidden;
}
</style>
<body>
<div id="drag">
</div>
</body>
<script type="text/javascript">
let dragStart = { x: 0, y: 0 }
let mouseStart = { x: 0, y: 0 }
drag.onmousedown = function (e) {
//获取当前鼠标按下时拖拽的起始坐标
dragStart.x = this.offsetLeft
dragStart.y = this.offsetTop
//获取鼠标按下时的坐标
mouseStart.x = e.clientX
mouseStart.y = e.clientY
if (drag.setCapture) { //ie浏览器全局捕捉
drag.setCapture()
}
document.onmousemove = function (e) {
//鼠标移动时事件
let mousemove = { x: e.clientX, y: e.clientY } //获取实时鼠标的坐标
let L = mousemove.x - mouseStart.x + dragStart.x//获取距离浏览器左边的距离,鼠标的x偏移量加上初始的x的值
let T = mousemove.y - mouseStart.y + dragStart.y//获取距离浏览器上边的距离,鼠标的y偏移量加上初始的y的值
//如果左边距<20那么直接为0
if (L < 20) {
L = 0
} else if (L > (document.documentElement.clientWidth - drag.offsetWidth - 20)) {//如果L超出右边界,那么就等于屏幕可以拖拽的最大值
L = document.documentElement.clientWidth - drag.offsetWidth
}
if (T < 20) {
T = 0
} else if (T > (document.documentElement.clientHeight - drag.offsetHeight - 20)) {
T = document.documentElement.clientHeight - drag.offsetHeight
}
//最后赋值给到拖拽的元素
drag.style.left = L + "px"
drag.style.top = T + "px"
}
document.onmouseup = function (e) { //鼠标抬起的瞬间,清除移动时的方法
document.onmousemove = document.onmouseup = null
if (document.releaseCapture) {
//ie浏览器全局释放捕捉
document.releaseCapture()
}
// 阻止事件的冒泡
return false
}
}
</script>
</html>