一、黑白边框 1.实验代码: import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import numpy as np import paddle from paddle.nn import Conv2D from paddle.nn.initializer import Assign # 创建初始化权重参数w w = np.array([1, 0, -1], dtype='float32') # 将权重参数调整成维度为[cout, cin, kh, kw]的四维张量 w = w.reshape([1, 1, 1, 3]) # 创建卷积算子,设置输出通道数,卷积核大小,和初始化权重参数 # kernel_size = [1, 3]表示kh = 1, kw=3 # 创建卷积算子的时候,通过参数属性weight_attr指定参数初始化方式 # 这里的初始化方式时,从numpy.ndarray初始化卷积参数 conv = Conv2D(in_channels=1, out_channels=1, kernel_size=[1, 3], weight_attr=paddle.ParamAttr( initializer=Assign(value=w))) # 创建输入图片,图片左边的像素点取值为1,右边的像素点取值为0 img = np.ones([50,50], dtype='float32') img[:, 30:] = 0. # 将图片形状调整为[N, C, H, W]的形式 x = img.reshape([1,1,50,50]) # 将numpy.ndarray转化成paddle中的tensor x = paddle.to_tensor(x) # 使用卷积算子作用在输入图片上 y = conv(x) # 将输出tensor转化为numpy.ndarray out = y.numpy() f = plt.subplot(121) f.set_title('input image', fontsize=15) plt.imshow(img, cmap='gray') f = plt.subplot(122) f.set_title('output featuremap', fontsize=15) # 卷积算子Conv2D输出数据形状为[N, C, H, W]形式 # 此处N, C=1,输出数据形状为[1, 1, H, W],是4维数组 # 但是画图函数plt.imshow画灰度图时,只接受2维数组 # 通过numpy.squeeze函数将大小为1的维度消除 plt.imshow(out.squeeze(), cmap='gray') plt.show() # 查看卷积层的权重参数名字和数值 print(conv.weight) # 参看卷积层的偏置参数名字和数值 print(conv.bias)
2.运行结果:
二、识别轮廓 1.实验代码: import matplotlib.pyplot as plt from PIL import Image import numpy as np import paddle from paddle.nn import Conv2D from paddle.nn.initializer import Assign img = Image.open('F:\代码\code\venv\Scripts\download.jpg') # 设置卷积核参数 w = np.array([[-1, -1, -1], [-1, 8, -1], [-1, -1, -1]], dtype='float32') / 8 w = w.reshape([1, 1, 3, 3]) # 由于输入通道数是3,将卷积核的形状从[1,1,3,3]调整为[1,3,3,3] w = np.repeat(w, 3, axis=1) # 创建卷积算子,输出通道数为1,卷积核大小为3x3, # 并使用上面的设置好的数值作为卷积核权重的初始化参数 conv = Conv2D(in_channels=3, out_channels=1, kernel_size=[3, 3], weight_attr=paddle.ParamAttr( initializer=Assign(value=w))) # 将读入的图片转化为float32类型的numpy.ndarray x = np.array(img).astype('float32') # 图片读入成ndarry时,形状是[H, W, 3], # 将通道这一维度调整到最前面 x = np.transpose(x, (2, 0, 1)) # 将数据形状调整为[N, C, H, W]格式 x = x.reshape(1, 3, img.height, img.width) x = paddle.to_tensor(x) y = conv(x) out = y.numpy() plt.figure(figsize=(20, 10)) f = plt.subplot(121) f.set_title('input image', fontsize=15) plt.imshow(img) f = plt.subplot(122) f.set_title('output feature map', fontsize=15) plt.imshow(out.squeeze(), cmap='gray') plt.show()
2.运行结果:
三、通过卷积模糊图片
1.实验代码:
import paddle import matplotlib.pyplot as plt from PIL import Image import numpy as np from paddle.nn import Conv2D from paddle.nn.initializer import Assign # 读入图片并转成numpy.ndarray # 换成灰度图 img = Image.open('F:\代码\code\venv\Scripts\download1.jpg').convert('L') img = np.array(img) # 创建初始化参数 w = np.ones([1, 1, 5, 5], dtype = 'float32')/25 conv = Conv2D(in_channels=1, out_channels=1, kernel_size=[5, 5], weight_attr=paddle.ParamAttr( initializer=Assign(value=w))) x = img.astype('float32') x = x.reshape(1,1,img.shape[0], img.shape[1]) x = paddle.to_tensor(x) y = conv(x) out = y.numpy() plt.figure(figsize=(20, 12)) f = plt.subplot(121) f.set_title('input image') plt.imshow(img, cmap='gray') f = plt.subplot(122) f.set_title('output feature map') out = out.squeeze() plt.imshow(out, cmap='gray') plt.show()
2.实验结果: