2024年最新Linux--Keepalived双机热备_linux lo 0，踩坑了

网上学习资料一大堆，但如果学到的知识不成体系，遇到问题时只是浅尝辄止，不再深入研究，那么很难做到真正的技术提升。

需要这份系统化的资料的朋友，可以点击这里获取！

一个人可以走的很快，但一群人才能走的更远！不论你是正从事IT行业的老鸟或是对IT行业感兴趣的新人，都欢迎加入我们的的圈子（技术交流、学习资源、职场吐槽、大厂内推、面试辅导），让我们一起学习成长！

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf
[root@localhost ~]# sysctl -p
net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects = 0
net.ipv4.conf.ens33.send_redirects = 0

二，安装配置nginx服务

配置IP地址

第一台Nginx服务器
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig
ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.2.3  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.2.255
        inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe1c:a1a4  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 00:0c:29:1c:a1:a4  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 17151  bytes 1481642 (1.4 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 9028  bytes 904486 (883.2 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

ens36: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.7.1  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.7.255
        inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe1c:a1ae  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 00:0c:29:1c:a1:ae  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 250  bytes 45678 (44.6 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 47  bytes 7062 (6.8 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

第二台Nginx服务器
[root@localhost network-scripts]# ifconfig
ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.2.4  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.2.255
        inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:feb5:b978  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 00:0c:29:b5:b9:78  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 15495  bytes 1572697 (1.4 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 7750  bytes 817696 (798.5 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

ens36: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.7.2  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.7.255
        inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:feb5:b982  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 00:0c:29:b5:b9:82  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 155  bytes 16854 (16.4 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 283  bytes 46422 (45.3 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

安装依赖关系安装包

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel

创建nginx需要指定的组

[root@localhost ~]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx

解压nginx源代码包，配置，编译，安装

[root@localhost ~]# tar zxf /mnt/nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz -C /usr/src/
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/src/nginx-1.12.0/
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0]# make && make install

优化路径，将nginx可用执行执行

[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0]# ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx  /usr/local/sbin/

开启nginx服务

[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0]# nginx

三，在（两台）Nginx服务器上配置lo:0回环VIP地址并关闭ARP重定向

[root@localhost network-scripts]# cp ifcfg-lo ifcfg-lo:0
[root@localhost network-scripts]# vim ifcfg-lo:0
DEVICE=lo:0
IPADDR=192.168.2.54
NETMASK=255.255.255.255
ONBOOT=yes
NAME=loopback:0
[root@localhost network-scripts]# ifup ifcfg-lo:0

关闭ARP重定向

[root@localhost network-scripts]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf
[root@localhost network-scripts]# sysctl -p
net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_ignore = 1
net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_announce = 2
net.ipv4.conf.default.arp_ignore = 1
net.ipv4.conf.default.arp_announce = 2
net.ipv4.conf.lo.arp_ignore = 1
net.ipv4.conf.lo.arp_announce = 2

添加VIP地址lo:0网卡路由

[root@localhost network-scripts]# route add -host 192.168.2.254 dev lo:0

四，在LVS两台服务器上配置Web服务器池的配置

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
virtual_server 192.168.2.254 80 {
    delay_loop 6
    lb_algo rr
    lb_kind DR
    protocol TCP

    real_server 192.168.2.3 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_timeout 3
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
        }
    }
    real_server 192.168.2.4 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_timeout 3
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
        }
    }
}
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart keepalived

五，配置NFS共享文件服务器

配置IP地址

[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig
ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.7.3  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.7.255
        inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe4f:2519  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 00:0c:29:4f:25:19  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 1474  bytes 240615 (234.9 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 827  bytes 93826 (91.6 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

安装NFS程序

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install nfs-utils rpcbind
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable nfs
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nfs-server.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/nfs-server.service.
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable rpcbind

设置共享目录

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /opt/www
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/exports
/opt/www 192.168.7.0/24(rw,sync,no_root_squash)

启动NFS服务程序

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start rpcbind
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start nfs

查看本机发布的NFS共享目录

[root@localhost ~]# showmount -e
Export list for localhost.localdomain:
/opt/www 192.168.7.0/24

六，在Nginx服务器上挂载共享资源

安装rpcbind软件包，并启动rpbind服务

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install rpcbind nfs-utils
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable rpcbind
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start rpcbind

手动挂载NFS共享目录

[root@localhost ~]# mount 192.168.7.3:/opt/www /var/www

设置统一信息

[root@localhost ~]# echo "hello" > /var/www/index.html

浏览器测试即可

网上学习资料一大堆，但如果学到的知识不成体系，遇到问题时只是浅尝辄止，不再深入研究，那么很难做到真正的技术提升。

需要这份系统化的资料的朋友，可以点击这里获取！

一个人可以走的很快，但一群人才能走的更远！不论你是正从事IT行业的老鸟或是对IT行业感兴趣的新人，都欢迎加入我们的的圈子（技术交流、学习资源、职场吐槽、大厂内推、面试辅导），让我们一起学习成长！