Centos7之pxe-kickstart批量装机步骤和遇到的问题

使用的服务

dhcp、vsftp、ftp三种服务。还需要ks.cfg、pxelinux.cfg/default这两个文件即可。

原理

基于网络引导技术的一种方式。基于C/S架构。

pxe装机步骤

1 安装生成ks.cfg文件的工具

yum install system-config-kickstart

2 安装dhcp服务

yum -y install dhcp
cp /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.2.5/dhcpd.conf.example /etc/dhcp

修改配置文件效果如下

重启dhcp服务

systemctl restart dhcpd

3 安装tftp服务

yum install xinetd tftp tftp-server
编辑文件vim /etc/xinetd.d/tftp 修改
systemctl restart xinetd
yum install syslinux -y
cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /var/lib/tftpboot/
mount -o loop -t iso9660 /dev/sr0 /media
cp -a /media/isolinux/*   /var/lib/tftpboot/ 
mkdir -p /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg

4 安装FTP服务

yum install vsftpd -y
umount /media
mount /dev/sr0 /var/ftp/pub
systemctl restart vsftpd

5 使用system-config-kickstart生成ks.cfg文件并移动至/var/ftp目录下

6 启动客户机

遇到的问题

1 dhcp服务启动失败：Failed to start DHCPv4 Server Daemon

两个原因：网络原因和配置文件原因，可以参照dhcpd.conf文件

2 system-config-kickstart执行后显示

Could not open display because no X server is running. Try running 'system-config-kickstart -help"

解决方法：reboot重启服务端机器即可解决问题。
3 还有一种是system-config-kickstart 菜单出现后乱码并显示

/usr/share/system-config-kickstart/kickstartGui.py:104: GtkWarning: GtkSpinButton: setting an adjustment with non-zero page size is deprecated
  xml = gtk.glade.XML ("/usr/share/system-config-kickstart/system-config-kickstart.glade", domain="system-config-kickstart")
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scdate/core/zonetab.py:241: RuntimeWarning: Untranslated time zone: Antarctica/Troll
  entry = ZoneTabEntry(code, lat, long, tz, comments)
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scdate/core/zonetab.py:241: RuntimeWarning: Untranslated time zone: America/Fort Nelson
  entry = ZoneTabEntry(code, lat, long, tz, comments)
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scdate/core/zonetab.py:241: RuntimeWarning: Untranslated time zone: America/Punta Arenas
  entry = ZoneTabEntry(code, lat, long, tz, comments)
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scdate/core/zonetab.py:241: RuntimeWarning: Untranslated time zone: Asia/Famagusta
  entry = ZoneTabEntry(code, lat, long, tz, comments)
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scdate/core/zonetab.py:241: RuntimeWarning: Untranslated time zone: Europe/Busingen
  entry = ZoneTabEntry(code, lat, long, tz, comments)
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scdate/core/zonetab.py:241: RuntimeWarning: Untranslated time zone: Asia/Atyrau
  entry = ZoneTabEntry(code, lat, long, tz, comments)
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scdate/core/zonetab.py:241: RuntimeWarning: Untranslated time zone: Asia/Yangon
  entry = ZoneTabEntry(code, lat, long, tz, comments)
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scdate/core/zonetab.py:241: RuntimeWarning: Untranslated time zone: Pacific/Bougainville
  entry = ZoneTabEntry(code, lat, long, tz, comments)
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scdate/core/zonetab.py:241: RuntimeWarning: Untranslated time zone: Europe/Kirov
  entry = ZoneTabEntry(code, lat, long, tz, comments)
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scdate/core/zonetab.py:241: RuntimeWarning: Untranslated time zone: Europe/Astrakhan
  entry = ZoneTabEntry(code, lat, long, tz, comments)
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scdate/core/zonetab.py:241: RuntimeWarning: Untranslated time zone: Europe/Saratov
  entry = ZoneTabEntry(code, lat, long, tz, comments)
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scdate/core/zonetab.py:241: RuntimeWarning: Untranslated time zone: Europe/Ulyanovsk
  entry = ZoneTabEntry(code, lat, long, tz, comments)
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scdate/core/zonetab.py:241: RuntimeWarning: Untranslated time zone: Asia/Barnaul
  entry = ZoneTabEntry(code, lat, long, tz, comments)
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scdate/core/zonetab.py:241: RuntimeWarning: Untranslated time zone: Asia/Tomsk
  entry = ZoneTabEntry(code, lat, long, tz, comments)
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scdate/core/zonetab.py:241: RuntimeWarning: Untranslated time zone: Asia/Chita
  entry = ZoneTabEntry(code, lat, long, tz, comments)
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scdate/core/zonetab.py:241: RuntimeWarning: Untranslated time zone: Asia/Khandyga
  entry = ZoneTabEntry(code, lat, long, tz, comments)
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scdate/core/zonetab.py:241: RuntimeWarning: Untranslated time zone: Asia/Ust-Nera
  entry = ZoneTabEntry(code, lat, long, tz, comments)
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scdate/core/zonetab.py:241: RuntimeWarning: Untranslated time zone: Asia/Srednekolymsk
  entry = ZoneTabEntry(code, lat, long, tz, comments)
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