github ssh连接方式及Connection closed by 198.xx.xx.xx port 22错误解决

在mac系统中，使用ssh连接GitHub

1. 英文步骤详见：Setting up Git | The Odin Project
2. 详细中文步骤可见：【GitHub从入门到精通】GitHub配置SSH公钥实现免密码拉取代码和上传代码保姆级详细教程-CSDN博客

跟随1教程过程中，使用private GitHub email address。
在2.5testing连接时出现超时，无法获得响应。

随后更换邮箱设置，不使用private邮箱，改为自己邮箱重新连接。此时terminal使用ssh -T git@github.com尝试连接时反馈connection closed

jasonwu@JasonWudeMacBook-Air ~ % ssh -T git@github.com    
Connection closed by 198.xx.xx.xx port 22

使用下述指令查看更多调试信息

ssh -vT git@github.com

得到结果如下

jasonwu@JasonWudeMacBook-Air ~ % ssh -vT git@github.com
OpenSSH_9.6p1, LibreSSL 3.3.6
debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config
debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 21: include /etc/ssh/ssh_config.d/* matched no files
debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 54: Applying options for *
debug1: Authenticator provider $SSH_SK_PROVIDER did not resolve; disabling
debug1: Connecting to github.com port 22.
debug1: Connection established.
debug1: identity file /Users/jasonwu/.ssh/id_rsa type 0
debug1: identity file /Users/jasonwu/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /Users/jasonwu/.ssh/id_ecdsa type -1
debug1: identity file /Users/jasonwu/.ssh/id_ecdsa-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /Users/jasonwu/.ssh/id_ecdsa_sk type -1
debug1: identity file /Users/jasonwu/.ssh/id_ecdsa_sk-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /Users/jasonwu/.ssh/id_ed25519 type 3
debug1: identity file /Users/jasonwu/.ssh/id_ed25519-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /Users/jasonwu/.ssh/id_ed25519_sk type -1
debug1: identity file /Users/jasonwu/.ssh/id_ed25519_sk-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /Users/jasonwu/.ssh/id_xmss type -1
debug1: identity file /Users/jasonwu/.ssh/id_xmss-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /Users/jasonwu/.ssh/id_dsa type -1
debug1: identity file /Users/jasonwu/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1
debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_9.6
kex_exchange_identification: Connection closed by remote host
Connection closed by 198.xx.xx.xx port 22

该结果可能是由于防火墙和IP限制（可能的原因是国内环境使用代理IP导致GitHub的连接受限）
GitHub 允许使用端口 443 作为 SSH 的替代端口（通常用于 HTTPS 流量），这可以绕过一些防火墙限制。可以使用以下命令来通过另一端口测试：

ssh -T -p 443 git@ssh.github.com

最终连接成功

jasonwu@JasonWudeMacBook-Air ~ % ssh -T -p 443 git@ssh.github.com

The authenticity of host '[ssh.github.com]:443 ([198.18.0.89]:443)' can't be established.

ED25519 key fingerprint is SHA256:+DiY3wvvV6TuJJhbpZisF/zLDA0zPMSvHdkr4UvCOqU.

This key is not known by any other names.

Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes

Warning: Permanently added '[ssh.github.com]:443' (ED25519) to the list of known hosts.

Hi <username>! You've successfully authenticated, but GitHub does not provide shell access.

要想一劳永逸，可以:

1. 更改防火墙规则，允许22端口使用ssh。
2. 或者修改ssh连接的config，强行让ssh连接走http流量的443端口。
   具体步骤：修改~/.ssh/config文件（没有的话就新建一个），添加以下内容：

   Host github.com
   Hostname ssh.github.com
   Port 443
   User git
   

   再次使用下述命令，成功连接～

   ssh -T git@github.com
   

真正的解法在这：
https://docs.github.com/en/authentication/troubleshooting-ssh/using-ssh-over-the-https-port