iOS Runtime Method IMP指针详解，一口气拿了9家公司的offer

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_60635001/article/details/136826872

本文介绍了Objective-CRuntime中的方法描述、IMP（方法实现）获取与设置，以及方法交换的相关函数，通过实例展示了如何获取方法名称、IMP、参数信息，以及如何动态修改方法实现。

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OBJC_EXPORT char * _Nonnull

method_copyReturnType(Method _Nonnull m)

OBJC_AVAILABLE(10.5,2.0,9.0,1.0,2.0);

/**

* Returns a string describing a single parameter type of a method.

* @param m The method to inspect.

* @param index The index of the parameter to inspect.

* @return A C string describing the type of the parameter at index \e index, or \c NULL

* if method has no parameter index \e index. You must free the string with \c free().

OBJC_EXPORT char * _Nullable

method_copyArgumentType(Method _Nonnull m, unsigned int index)

OBJC_AVAILABLE(10.5,2.0,9.0,1.0,2.0);

/**

* Returns by reference a string describing a method’s return type.

* @param m The method you want to inquire about.

* @param dst The reference string to store the description.

* @param dst_len The maximum number of characters that can be stored in \e dst.

* @note The method’s return type string is copied to \e dst.

* \e dst is filled as if \c strncpy(dst, parameter_type, dst_len) were called.

OBJC_EXPORT void

method_getReturnType(Method _Nonnull m, char * _Nonnull dst, size_t dst_len)

OBJC_AVAILABLE(10.5,2.0,9.0,1.0,2.0);

/**

* Returns by reference a string describing a single parameter type of a method.

* @param m The method you want to inquire about.

* @param index The index of the parameter you want to inquire about.

* @param dst The reference string to store the description.

* @param dst_len The maximum number of characters that can be stored in \e dst.

* @note The parameter type string is copied to \e dst. \e dst is filled as if \c strncpy(dst, parameter_type, dst_len)

* were called. If the method contains no parameter with that index, \e dst is filled as

* if \c strncpy(dst, “”, dst_len) were called.

OBJC_EXPORT void

method_getArgumentType(Method _Nonnull m, unsigned int index,

char * _Nullable dst, size_t dst_len)

OBJC_AVAILABLE(10.5,2.0,9.0,1.0,2.0);

OBJC_EXPORT struct objc_method_description *_Nonnull

method_getDescription(Method _Nonnull m)

OBJC_AVAILABLE(10.5,2.0,9.0,1.0,2.0);

/**

* Sets the implementation of a method.

* @param m The method for which to set an implementation.

* @param imp The implemention to set to this method.

* @return The previous implementation of the method.

OBJC_EXPORT IMP_Nonnull

method_setImplementation(Method _Nonnull m, IMP _Nonnull imp)

OBJC_AVAILABLE(10.5,2.0,9.0,1.0,2.0);

/**

* Exchanges the implementations of two methods.

* @param m1 Method to exchange with second method.

* @param m2 Method to exchange with first method.

* @note This is an atomic version of the following:

* \code

* IMP imp1 = method_getImplementation(m1);

* IMP imp2 = method_getImplementation(m2);

* method_setImplementation(m1, imp2);

* method_setImplementation(m2, imp1);

* \endcode

OBJC_EXPORT void

method_exchangeImplementations(Method _Null_unspecified /* _Nonnull */ m1, Method _Null_unspecified /* _Nonnull */ m2)

OBJC_AVAILABLE(10.5,2.0,9.0,1.0,2.0);

Runtime 关于Method IMP 的应用示例

Demo1：

获取方法名字和获取方法的IMP 。从objc_method结构体可知，method里有SEL 方法名和IMP 实现方法的函数指针组成。所以我们可以从方法里拿到他的属性，然后玩一玩，下面就是针对这两个方法的小应用。

通过下面示例我们可以明白：Method SEL IMP 外在联系

method_getName(Method _Nonnull m)

method_getImplementation(Method _Nonnull m)

(void)viewDidLoad {

[super viewDidLoad];

//首先我们早类里面找到该方法

Method ori_Method = class_getInstanceMethod([self class], @selector(myMethod:));

#if 0

//获取方法名 SEL

SEL oriMethodName = method_getName(ori_Method);

//根据方法名获取函数指针

IMP myMethodImp = [self methodForSelector:oriMethodName];

#else

//直接根据方法名获取函数指针等同于IF 0

IMP myMethodImp = method_getImplementation(ori_Method);

#endif

//在该类中添加方法。

#if 0

class_addMethod([self class], @selector(testMethod:), myMethodImp, method_getTypeEncoding(ori_Method));

#else

class_addMethod([self class], @selector(testMethod:), myMethodImp, “V@😡”);

#endif

//在执行方法。

[self performSelector:@selector(testMethod:) withObject:@“7777”];

}

-(void)myMethod:(NSString *)myValue{

NSLog(@“myMethod:%@”,myValue);

}

打印结果：

2017-07-20 10:52:26.581146+0800 zyTest[8351:416437] myMethod:7777

Demo2：

中间关于获得方法参数，参数个数，参数返回类型就不赘述了，示例中有的会用到。主要介绍下面几个方法：

上面是GET IMP，那肯定可以设置方法的IMP

method_setImplementation(Method _Nonnull m, IMP _Nonnull imp)

方法交换

method_exchangeImplementations(Method _Null_unspecified /* _Nonnull */ m1, Method _Null_unspecified /* _Nonnull */ m2)

//方法交换

-(void)demo2{

Method method1 = class_getInstanceMethod([self class], @selector(exchangeMethod1:));

Method method2 = class_getInstanceMethod([self class], @selector(exchangeMethod2:));

Method method3 = class_getInstanceMethod([self class], @selector(exchangeMethod3:));

Method method4 = class_getInstanceMethod([self class], @selector(exchangeMethod4:));

//方法替换替换SEL 的IMP实现

class_replaceMethod([self class], @selector(exchangeMethod1:), method_getImplementation(method3), method_getTypeEncoding(method3));

//和class_replaceMethod 类似，替换method 的结构题IMP指针

method_setImplementation(method4, method_getImplementation(method2));

//方法交换

method_exchangeImplementations(method1, method2);

//猜一猜打印的什么

[self performSelector:method_getName(method1) withObject:@“Runtime Method Demo1” afterDelay:0.0];

[self exchangeMethod2:@“Runtime Method Demo2”];

[self exchangeMethod3:@“Runtime Method Demo3”];

[self exchangeMethod4:@“Runtime Method Demo4”];

}

-(void)exchangeMethod1:(id)str{

NSLog(@“exchangeMethod1:%@”,str);

}

-(void)exchangeMethod2:(id)num{

NSLog(@“exchangeMethod2:%@”,num);

}

-(void)exchangeMethod3:(id)f{

NSLog(@“exchangeMethod3:%@”,f);

}

-(void)exchangeMethod4:(id)w{

NSLog(@“exchangeMethod4:%@”,w);

}

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