2021-10-20 spring-mvc.xml和application-context.xml在web.xml中的配置问题

错误信息：

ERROR[localhost-startStop-1] - Context initialization failed
org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'userController': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'userService'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'com.itheima.core.service.UserService' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}

提示信息：执行上下文失败，没有相应的bean可以用

分析：bean没有扫描到，此代码的问题则为，在web.xml文件中配置的 application-context.xml 所用的监听器的架包错误

	<!-- 配置加载Spring文件的监听器 -->
    <context-param>
    	<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    	<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <listener>
    	<listener-class>
    	
    		<!-- 引入错误架包 --> org.springframework.web.context.ContextCleanupListener
    		
    		<!-- 正确架包 -->     org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
    	</listener-class>
    </listener>

关于 application-context.xml 和 spring-mvc.xml 配置的理解

1、application-context.xml是全局的，应用于多个serverlet，配合listener一起使用，web.xml中配置如下： 

<!-- 配置监听器 -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>

2、spring-mvc.xml 是spring mvc的配置，web.xml中配置如下： 

<!--配置springmvc DispatcherServlet-->

<!-- 配置Spring MVC 前端核心控制器
     -->
    	<servlet>
   		<!-- 配置前端过滤器 -->
   		<servlet-name>crm</servlet-name>
   		<servlet-class>
   			
   			org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
   		</servlet-class>
   		<!-- 初始化时加载配置文件 -->
   		<init-param>
   			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
   			<!-- Spring MVC配置文件的地址 -->
   			<param-value>classpath:springmvc-config.xml</param-value>
   		</init-param>
   		<!-- 表示容器在启动时立即加载Servlet -->
   		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
   	</servlet>