镜像封装及优化
1.编写dockerfile文件:
[root@server1 docker]# cat Dockerfile
FROM centos:7 as build
ADD nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz /mnt
WORKDIR /mnt/nginx-1.22.0
RUN yum install -y gcc make pcre-devel openssl-devel && ./configure --with-http_ssl_module && make && make install && yum clean all && rm -fr /mnt/nginx-1.22.0
FROM centos:7
COPY --from=build /usr/local/nginx /usr/local/nginx
COPY index.html /usr/local/nginx/html
VOLUME /data
EXPOSE 80
CMD ["/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx", "-g", "daemon off;"]
2.封装nginx,为webserver
docker build -t webserver:v1 .
3.下载官方nginx:
docker pull nginx
4.对比官方nginx和webserver,发现官方nginx比webserver小很多,于是决定优化。
镜像的优化:
整体优化目标:
选择最精简的基础镜像,减少镜像的层数,清理镜像构建的中间产物,注意优化网络请求,尽量取用构建缓存,使用多阶段构建镜像。
减少镜像层:
多阶段构建镜像:
选择精简的基础镜像:
docker load -i base-debian11.tar
docker images
mkdir new
cd new
vi Dockerfile
docker build -t webserver:v5 .
docker images
Dockerfile文本:
FROM nginx as base
# https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_database_time_zones
ARG TIME_ZONE
RUN mkdir -p /opt/var/cache/nginx && \
cp -a --parents /usr/lib/nginx /opt && \
cp -a --parents /usr/share/nginx /opt && \
cp -a --parents /var/log/nginx /opt && \
cp -aL --parents /var/run /opt && \
cp -a --parents /etc/nginx /opt && \
cp -a --parents /etc/passwd /opt && \
cp -a --parents /etc/group /opt && \
cp -a --parents /usr/sbin/nginx /opt && \
cp -a --parents /usr/sbin/nginx-debug /opt && \
cp -a --parents /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ld-* /opt && \
cp -a --parents /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpcre* /opt && \
cp -a --parents /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.so.* /opt && \
cp -a --parents /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc* /opt && \
cp -a --parents /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdl* /opt && \
cp -a --parents /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread* /opt && \
cp -a --parents /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcrypt* /opt && \
cp -a --parents /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libssl.so.* /opt && \
cp -a --parents /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcrypto.so.* /opt && \
cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/${TIME_ZONE:-ROC} /opt/etc/localtime
FROM gcr.io/distroless/base-debian11
COPY --from=base /opt /
EXPOSE 80 443
ENTRYPOINT ["nginx", "-g", "daemon off;"]