背景颜色绘制区域——background-clip属性
background-clip: border-box; 背景被裁剪到边框区域,在内容区、内填充区、边框区域显示,默认值
background-clip: padding-box; 背景被裁剪到内填充区域,在内容区、内填充区显示
background-clip: content-box; 背景被裁剪到内容区域,仅在内容区域显示
.wrap div {
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
background: plum;
padding: 30px;
margin: 30px;
border: 20px dotted black;
}
/* 背景被裁剪到内容区域,仅在内容区域显示 */
.wrap div:nth-child(1) {
/* content-box */
background-clip: content-box;
}
/* 背景被裁剪到内填充区域,在内容区、内填充区显示 */
.wrap div:nth-child(2) {
/* padding-box */
background-clip: padding-box;
}
/* 背景被裁剪到边框区域,在内容区、内填充区、边框区域显示,默认值 */
.wrap div:nth-child(3) {
/* border-box */
background-clip: border-box;
}
2、渐变
从一种颜色到其他颜色的过渡(两种及两种以上颜色)
1)线性渐变 linear-gradient
线型渐变 : 从一个方向到另一个方向的渐变
-
语法
background: linear-gradient(方向, 颜色1 范围1, 颜色2 范围2,...); 方向:数值(单位deg)、关键词(left|right top|bottom) 颜色:关键词、十六进制色值、rgb(r,g,b)、rgba(r,g,b,a) 范围:每个颜色结点的显示范围 取值: 1.px 2.百分比 注意: 方向:加前缀需要把to去掉,方向是相反的 默认方向:从上到下 取值: 1、使用起始位置关键字 - to right 方向自左向右 - to top 方向自下而上 - to bottom 方向自上而下 - to left 方向自右而左 - to right top 方向朝向右上角 - to right bottom 方向朝向右下角 - to top left 方向朝向左上角 - to left bottom方向朝向左下角 2、使用角度 - 0deg 相当于 to top - 90deg 相当于 to right
-
重复线性渐变
background:repeating-linear-gradient(方向, 颜色1 范围1, 颜色2 范围2,...);
background: repeating-linear-gradient(180deg, red 0%, red 10%, yellow 10%,yellow 20%);
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
div {
width: 300px;
height: 300px;
margin: 20px;
}
/* 方向朝向左上角,red--blue渐变 */
.box1 {
background: linear-gradient(to top left, red, yellow, green);
}
/* 线性渐变:
从45度方向开始:
0%-20%:纯黄色
20%-60%:黄色和粉色渐变
60%-100%:纯粉色 */
.box2 {
background: -webkit-linear-gradient(45deg, yellow 20%, pink 60%);
background: -o-linear-gradient(45deg, yellow 20%, pink 60%);
background: -moz-linear-gradient(45deg, yellow 20%, pink 60%);
background: -ms-linear-gradient(45deg, yellow 20%, pink 60%);
background: linear-gradient(45deg, yellow 20%, pink 60%);
}
/* 范围是百分比 */
.box3 {
background: linear-gradient(90deg, yellow 20%, pink 60%);
}
/* 范围是px */
.box7 {
background: linear-gradient(90deg, yellow 20px, pink 60px);
}
/* 方向:加前缀需要把to去掉,方向是相反的 */
.box4 {
background: -webkit-linear-gradient(right, red, yellow, green);
}
.box5 {
background: linear-gradient(to right, red, yellow, green);
}
/* 重复线性渐变 */
/* 兼容里的写法,先写私有前缀,在写标准的 */
.box6 {
background: -webkit-repeating-linear-gradient(top, red 10%, yellow 20%, green 30%);
background: -moz-repeating-linear-gradient(top, red 10%, yellow 20%, green 30%);
background: -o-repeating-linear-gradient(top, red 10%, yellow 20%, green 30%);
background: -ms-repeating-linear-gradient(top, red 10%, yellow 20%, green 30%);
/* 不加前缀记得加to */
background: repeating-linear-gradient(to top, red 10%, yellow 20%, green 30%);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="box1"></div>
<div class="box2"></div>
<div class="box3"></div>
<div class="box4"></div>
<div class="box5"></div>
<div class="box6"></div>
<div class="box7"></div>
</body>
</html>
2)径向渐变 radial-gradient
径向渐变 : 一个点到四周的渐变
-
语法
backgrond: radial-gradient(渐变形状, 颜色1 范围1, 颜色2 范围2, ...); 渐变形状:椭圆(ellipse,默认值)、圆形(circle) 圆心位置 语法:background:radial-gradient(形状 at 水平位置 垂直位置,颜色1,颜色2) 如果只给一个值,另一个值(y垂直方向)默认center 取值: - px(表示距左上角的0,0的坐标位置) - 关键字可以是以下词的组合 - left center right - top center bottom - 百分比 例:表示圆心在右侧中心 background: radial-gradient(circle at 100% 50%, red, yellow, green); •``` 例:表示圆心在左上角 background: radial-gradient(circle at left top, red, yellow, green);
-
重复径向渐变
backgrond: repeating-radial-gradient(渐变形状/圆心, 颜色1 范围1, 颜色2 范围2, ...);
div {
width: 400px;
height: 300px;
margin: 20px;
}
/* 椭圆(ellipse,默认值) */
.box1 {
background: -webkit-radial-gradient(ellipse, red, yellow, green);
background: -moz-radial-gradient(ellipse, red, yellow, green);
background: -o-radial-gradient(ellipse, red, yellow, green);
background: -ms-radial-gradient(ellipse, red, yellow, green);
background: radial-gradient(ellipse, red, yellow, green);
}
/* 圆形(circle) */
.box2 {
background: -webkit-radial-gradient(circle, red, yellow, green);
background: -moz-radial-gradient(circle, red, yellow, green);
background: -o-radial-gradient(circle, red, yellow, green);
background: -ms-radial-gradient(circle, red, yellow, green);
background: radial-gradient(circle, red, yellow, green);
}
/* 圆形(circle) 颜色,范围 */
.box7 {
background: radial-gradient(circle, red 10%, yellow 20%, green 30%);
}
/* 圆心位置 px(表示距左上角的0,0的坐标位置)*/
.box3 {
background: -webkit-radial-gradient(circle at 50px 100px, red, yellow, green);
background: -moz-radial-gradient(circle at 50px 100px, red, yellow, green);
background: -o-radial-gradient(circle at 50px 100px, red, yellow, green);
background: -ms-radial-gradient(circle at 50px 100px, red, yellow, green);
background: radial-gradient(circle at 50px 100px, red, yellow, green);
}
/* 百分比 表示圆心在右侧中心 */
.box3 {
background: -webkit-radial-gradient(circle at 100% 50%, red, yellow, green);
background: -moz-radial-gradient(circle at 100% 50%, red, yellow, green);
background: -o-radial-gradient(circle at 100% 50%, red, yellow, green);
background: -ms-radial-gradient(circle at 100% 50%, red, yellow, green);
background: radial-gradient(circle at 100% 50%, red, yellow, green);
}
/* 关键词 表示圆心在左上角 */
.box4 {
background: -webkit-radial-gradient(circle at left top, red, yellow, green);
background: -moz-radial-gradient(circle at left top, red, yellow, green);
background: -o-radial-gradient(circle at left top, red, yellow, green);
background: -ms-radial-gradient(circle at left top, red, yellow, green);
background: radial-gradient(circle at left top, red, yellow, green);
}
/* 重复径向渐变 */
div {
width: 500px;
height: 200px;
border: 1px solid tomato;
margin: 30px;
}
.box5 {
background: -webkit-repeating-radial-gradient(circle, red 10%, yellow 20%, green 30%);
background: -moz-repeating-radial-gradient(circle, red 10%, yellow 20%, green 30%);
background: -o-repeating-radial-gradient(circle, red 10%, yellow 20%, green 30%);
background: -ms-repeating-radial-gradient(circle, red 10%, yellow 20%, green 30%);
background: repeating-radial-gradient(circle, red 10%, yellow 20%, green 30%);
}
/* 重复径向渐变 */
.box6 {
background: -webkit-repeating-radial-gradient(circle at 50px 50px, red 10%, yellow 20%, green 30%);
background: -moz-repeating-radial-gradient(circle at 50px 50px, red 10%, yellow 20%, green 30%);
background: -o-repeating-radial-gradient(circle at 50px 50px, red 10%, yellow 20%, green 30%);
background: -ms-repeating-radial-gradient(circle at 50px 50px, red 10%, yellow 20%, green 30%);
background: repeating-radial-gradient(circle at 50px 50px, red 10%, yellow 20%, green 30%);
}
div:nth-child(4) {
background: repeating-radial-gradient(ellipse at right center, red 10%, orange 20%, yellow 30%, green 40%, aqua 50%, blue 60%, purple 70%);
}
div:nth-child(5) {
background: repeating-radial-gradient(ellipse at left center, red 10%, orange 20%, yellow 30%, green 40%, aqua 50%, blue 60%, purple 70%);
}
3、多列布局
1、元素被分隔的列数——column-count属性
-
column-count: n; 元素内容被划分的列数,没有单位
2、列的宽度——column-width属性
-
column-width: npx; 分列之后每一列的宽度
3、列间距——column-gap属性
-
column-gap: npx; 两列之间的间隔为npx
-
column-gap: normal; 两列之间间隔为常规间隔,W3C建议值为1em
4、列与列之间的分割线——column-rule属性
-
语法
column-rule: column-rule-width column-rule-style column-rule-color; column-rule-width属性:分割线宽度 column-rule-style属性:分割线线型(solid double dotted dashed) column-rule-color属性:关键词、十六进制色值、rgb(r,g,b)、rgba(r,g,b,a)
.box {
width: 800px;
border: 2px solid red;
margin: 50px auto;
/* 元素被分隔的列数 */
/* column-count: 3; */
/* 列的宽度 会自动计算列数*/
column-width: 30px;
/* 列间距 */
column-gap: 20px;
/* 列与列之间的分割线 */
column-rule: 20px dotted orange;
}