1.vector构造函数说明:
template < class T, class Alloc = allocator<T> >
class vector{
explicit vector (const allocator_type& alloc = allocator_type());
explicit vector(size_type __n, const allocator_type& __a = allocator_type());
vector(size_type __n, const value_type& __value, const allocator_type& __a = allocator_type());
template<typename _InputIterator, typename = std::_RequireInputIter<_InputIterator>>
vector(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last, const allocator_type& __a = allocator_type());