5、通过new产生一个对象需要非常繁琐的数据准备或访问权限,则可以使用原型模式;
6、一个对象需要提供给其它对象访问,而且各个调用者可能都需要修改其值时,可以考虑使用原型模式拷贝多个对象供调用者使用。在实际项目中,原型模式很少单独出现,一般是和工厂方法模式一起出现,通过clone的方法创建一个对象,然后由工厂方法提供给调用者。原型模式先产生一个包含大量共有信息的类,然后可以拷贝出副本,修正细节消息,建立了一个完整的个性对象。
五、浅拷贝和深拷贝
浅拷贝只复制指向某个对象的指针,而不是复制对象本身,新旧对象还是共享同一块内存。
深拷贝会另外创建一个一模一样的对象,新对象跟原对象不共享内存,修改新对象不会改到原对象。
1、浅拷贝代码实例
package designMode.advance.prototype;
public class Sheep implements Cloneable {
private String name;
private int age;
private String color;
private String address = "蒙古羊";
public Sheep friend; //是对象, 克隆是会如何处理
public Sheep(String name, int age, String color) {
super();
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.color = color;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getColor() {
return color;
}
public void setColor(String color) {
this.color = color;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Sheep [name=" + name + ", age=" + age + ", color=" + color + ", address=" + address + "]";
}
//克隆该实例,使用默认的clone方法来完成
@Override
protected Object clone() {
Sheep sheep = null;
try {
sheep = (Sheep)super.clone();
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}
return sheep;
}
}
package designMode.advance.prototype;
public class Client {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("原型模式完成对象的创建");
Sheep sheep = new Sheep("tom", 1, "白色");
sheep.friend = new Sheep("jack", 2, "黑色");
Sheep sheep2 = (Sheep)sheep.clone(); //克隆
Sheep sheep3 = (Sheep)sheep.clone(); //克隆
Sheep sheep4 = (Sheep)sheep.clone(); //克隆
Sheep sheep5 = (Sheep)sheep.clone(); //克隆
System.out.println("sheep2 =" + sheep2 + "sheep2.friend=" + sheep2.friend.hashCode());
System.out.println("sheep3 =" + sheep3 + "sheep3.friend=" + sheep3.friend.hashCode());
System.out.println("sheep4 =" + sheep4 + "sheep4.friend=" + sheep4.friend.hashCode());
System.out.println("sheep5 =" + sheep5 + "sheep5.friend=" + sheep5.friend.hashCode());
}
}
![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200604142537169.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2d1b3J1aV9qYXZh,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)
### 2、深拷贝代码实例
package designMode.advance.prototype;
import java.io.Serializable;
public class DeepCloneableTarget implements Serializable, Cloneable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private String cloneName;
private String cloneClass;
//构造器
public DeepCloneableTarget(String cloneName, String cloneClass) {
this.cloneName = cloneName;
this.cloneClass = cloneClass;
}
//因为该类的属性,都是String , 因此我们这里使用默认的clone完成即可
@Override
protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
return super.clone();
}
}
package designMode.advance.prototype;
import java.io.*;
public class DeepProtoType implements Serializable, Cloneable {
public String name; //String 属性
public DeepCloneableTarget deepCloneableTarget;// 引用类型
public DeepProtoType() {
super();
}
//深拷贝 - 通过对象的序列化实现 (推荐)
public Object deepClone() {
//创建流对象
ByteArrayOutputStream bos = null;
ObjectOutputStream oos = null;
ByteArrayInputStream bis = null;
ObjectInputStream ois = null;
try {
//序列化
bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();