Ribbon负载均衡_ribboon负载均衡-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_61600641/article/details/126355176

1.什么是负载均衡？

通俗的讲，负载均衡就是将负载（工作任务，访问请求）进行分摊到多个操作单元（服务器,组件）上进行执行

项目结构

2.自定义实现负载均衡

2.1.创建服务提供者

.2.1.1.拷贝nacos_provider 并改名(ribbon_provider)

分别设置俩个端口号:服务名需要一样

server:
port: 9090
spring:
cloud:
nacos:
discovery:
server-addr: 192.168.209.129:8848
application:
name: ribbon-provider

server:
port: 9091
spring:
cloud:
nacos:
discovery:
server-addr: 192.168.209.129:8848
application:
name: ribbon-provider

2.2.创建服务消费者

2.2.1.创建工程

拷贝nacos_consumer：并改名(ribbon_consumer)

修改配置文件

server:
port: 80
spring:
cloud:
nacos:
discovery:
server-addr: 192.168.209.129:8848
application:
name: ribbon-consumer

2.2.3.controller

package peng.controller;

import com.peng.pojo.User;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.DiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;

@RestController
@RequestMapping(value = "/consumer")
public class ConsumerController {

   @Autowired
   private RestTemplate restTemplate;

   @Autowired
   private DiscoveryClient discoveryClient;

   private int index;

   @RequestMapping(value="/getUserById/{id}")
   public User getUserById(@PathVariable Integer id){
       List<ServiceInstance> serviceList =
               discoveryClient.getInstances("ribbon-provider");

       //随机方式获得服务
       //int currentIndex = new Random().nextInt(serviceList.size());
       //轮询方式获得服务
       index=index + 1;
int currentIndex = (index) % serviceList.size();

       ServiceInstance instance = serviceList.get(currentIndex);
       String serviceUrl = instance.getHost() + ":" + instance.getPort();
System.out.println("serviceUrl："+serviceUrl);
       String url = "http://"+serviceUrl+"/provider/getUserById/"+id;
       return restTemplate.getForObject(url, User.class);
   }
}

2.3.测试

启动ribbon-consumer01访问测试

3.Ribbon介绍

3.1.什么是Ribbon

我们不需要去引入ribbon的依赖，因为在nacos里面已经集成了ribbon的依赖

Ribbon默认提供很多种负载均衡算法，例如轮询、随机等等。

3.2.负载均衡策略

负载均衡接口：com.netflix.loadbalancer.IRule

3.2.1.随机策略

com.netflix.loadbalancer.RandomRule：该策略实现了从服务清单中随机选择一个服务实例的功能

3.2.2.轮询策略

4.基于ribbon实现负载均衡

4.1.修改ribbon_consumer

4.1.1.ConfigBean

package com.peng.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@Configuration
public class ConfigBean {

   @Bean
   /**
   * 添加了@LoadBalanced注解之后，Ribbon会给restTemplate请求添加一个拦截器，在拦截器中获取
   * 注册中心的服务列表，并使用Ribbon内置的负载均衡算法从服务列表里选中一个服务，通过获取到的服务信息 * （ip,port）替换 serviceId 实现负载请求。
   */
   @LoadBalanced //开启负载均衡
   public RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){
       return new RestTemplate();
   }

   //随机策略
   @Bean
   public IRule iRule() {
       return new RandomRule();
   }
}

4.1.2.controller

package com.peng.controller;

import com.bjpowernode.pojo.User;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.DiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalancerClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;

@RestController
@RequestMapping(value = "/consumer")
public class ConsumerController {

@Autowired
private RestTemplate restTemplate;

@RequestMapping(value = "/getUserById/{id}")
public User getUserById(@PathVariable Integer id) {
//不使用ribbon：ip:port
//String serviceUrl = "127.0.0.1:9090";
//使用ribbon：不再使用ip:port的方式，而是改成了serviceId(即Nacos中注册的服务名称)
String serviceUrl = "ribbon-provider";
return restTemplate.getForObject("http://" + serviceUrl +
"/provider/getUserById/" + id, User.class);
}
}